International Conference on Quality Education in Federal Nepal 23-24 February, 2018, Kathmandu, Nepal ABSTRACT Higher Institutions & Secondary Schools' Association Nepal (HISSAN) Email: [email protected], Web: hissan.org.np ~ 1 ~ ~ 2 ~ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE on QUALITY EDUCATION in FEDERAL NEPAL Organized by: Collaborators Tribhuvan University Mid-Western University, Global Policy Forum for Nepal Surkhet Nepal Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Nepal ~ 3 ~ ~ 4 ~ Message from the Management Committee Desk Welcome to all honorary guests, delegates, chairs, speakers and organizers It is a great pleasure and an honor to welcome you to HISSAN’s International Conference on Quality Education in Federal Nepal. We are proud to be able to organize the fi rst conference of its kind. HISSAN (Higher Institutions and Secondary Schools’ Association Nepal) is a national level umbrella association. HISSAN’s mission is to produce patriotic, disciplined and global citizens by enhancing the quality of secondary education in accordance with the changing national and international situations by strengthening cooperation among the secondary schools and exchanging views with one another. HISSAN is dedicated to providing high standards of education from the private sector to our students so that they can utilize their skills, talents and abilities in life-long learning and service. HISSAN has become instrumental in delivering high quality education in Nepal and this conference is further evidence of this. We hope you agree that we offer a great mixture of speakers and topics in our conference. We would like to draw your attention to the many multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary components of education, its practice and its research, which will be important in the development of education of the new Federal Nepal. We would like to take the opportunity to thank all members of the Scientifi c Committee, the Management Committee, and Conference Advisory Board (Patron: K. P. Sharma Oli, Prime Minister of Nepal). With warm regards Ramesh Silwal Nawaraj Pandey Chairman, HISSAN Central Committee Sr. Vice Chairman, HISSAN Central Committee, & Chair, Conference Organising Committee & Secretary, Conference Organising Committee ~ 5 ~ Message from the Scientifi c Committee Desk Education is a key element of human development as well as Nepal’s socio-economic and political development towards a federal state. Of course, the importance of education is recognised internationally too as it is one of the Sustainable Development Goals. We are therefore pleased to welcome you to the fi rst ever International Conference on Quality Education in Federal Nepal. Education makes an enormous contribution to Nepal’s development, educating the next generation on millennials, young Nepalese whose lives will be very different from that of their parents and most defi nitely their grandparents. The schools and colleges, which offer this such needed education, are working together in their national organisation HISSAN (Higher Institutions and Secondary Schools' Association Nepal). HISSAN is the conference’s main organiser in collaboration with 16 national and international universities and organisation at the heart of Nepal’s education system. We would like to thank all presenters who submitted such interesting and diverse abstracts for this international conference. It was a pleasure for the members of the Scientifi c Committee to read them all. The conference has three themes all related to education in Nepal. These interrelated themes are: (1) Teaching & Learning; (2) Research & Scholarship; and (3) Social & Global Engagement. Our two-day conference offers a range of sessions on a wide range of aspects of education and covering many of the different academic disciplines on offer in Nepal’s schools and colleges. We also have several excellent keynote speakers lined up for you! On behalf of the Scientifi c Committee, we hope you will enjoy this international conference. A conference held at the beautiful Park Village Resort in Budanilakantha. We would encourage you share your ideas and questions with as many as possible delegates and speakers working in the education fi eld. The international conference offers a unique opportunity to learn from each other in this exciting time in Nepal’s development into a Federal state. Prof. Dr. Padam Simkhada Yuvraj Sharma Dr Sujan B Marahatta Chair of the Scientifi c Committee Co-Chair of the Scientifi c Committee, Secretary Conference Scientifi c Liverpool John Moores University, UK Sr. Vice Chairman, HISSAN Committee, MMIHS Nepal ~ 6 ~ Introduction Nepal is in a transition period, reforming its existing central national system to adopt a federal model. There is an ongoing discussion with attempts to devise a viable model to serve the nation. For example, in educational sector, the national government has a leading role among other non-governmental education stakeholders including -private institutions, cooperatives and foundations in the restructuring process. In the existing system, private institutions are playing a vital role in complimenting the endeavor of the government in providing quality education all the way from primary schooling to the university level. These institutions are preparing students and faculties to participate fully in the kind of education that responds to the demands with the highest human values and aspirations. Meanwhile, promoting research communication among faculty and students at national and international level has always been the focus. The large body of evidence suggests that an effective educational infrastructure is vital in providing quality education. There is need for innovation in education through encouraging a learning environment that incorporates problem solving and critical thinking. The process of political restructuring offers a unique opportunity to improve our education system. The International Conference will bring scholars (researchers/educationalists) from universities in Nepal and abroad together with policy makers to discuss educational practice and research and ways of organizing and providing education to cater for the need of Nepal. The discussions will revolve around contentious issues on the quality education in federalism era and designing future strategies to address the need of Nepal in global context and research to advancing the fi eld. Theme of the Conference 1. Teaching and Learning 2. Research and Scholarship 3. Social and Global Engagement Within these Themes, the following discipline specifi c issues are covered: 1. Science, Technology and Engineering 2. Health Sciences 3. Management, Education, Law, Humanities and Social Science ~ 7 ~ MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE Chair: Mr.Ramesh Silwal, Chairman, HISSAN Central Committee Secretary: Mr. Nawaraj Pandey, Sr. Vice Chairman, HISSAN Central Committee Executive Members: Mr.Yuvraj Sharma Sr.Vice Chairman, HISSAN Central Committee Mr.Tanka Acharya Vice Chairman, HISSAN Central Committee Mr.Jiwan Prakash Sharma Vice Chairman, HISSAN Central Committee Mr.Umesh Thapa Vice Chairman, HISSAN Central Committee Dr Swagat Shrestha Vice Chairman, HISSAN Central Committee Mr.Lok Bahadur Bhandari General Secretary, HISSAN Central Committee Mr.Jaya Ram Khanal, Secretary, HISSAN Central Committee Dr. Khagendra Ojha, HISSAN Central Committee ~ 8 ~ SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Chair: Prof Dr Padam Simkhada, LJMU, UK Co-Chair: Yuvraj Sharma, Sr. VP. HISSAN Secretary: Dr Sujan B Marahatta, MMIHS Nepal/LJMU, UK Members: Prof Edwin van Teijlingen, Bournemouth University, UK Prof Luc de Witte, The University of Sheffi eld, UK Prof. Dr. Cyril Blavo, Nova-Southwest University, USA Dr. Simon Rushton,. The University of Sheffi eld, UK Dr. Jaranit Kaewkungwal, Mahidol University, Thailand Prof Don Pedersen, University of Utah, USA Prof. Kathy Pedersen, University of Utah, USA Prof. Laura C Bishop, Liverpool John Moores University, UK Dr. Andrew Lee,The University of Sheffi eld, UK Prof Chandra Kala Sharma, Institute of Medicine Maharajgunj, TU Dr..Swagat Shrestha, Vice Chairman, HISSAN Central Committee Mr.Kapil Dev Regmi, Secretary, HISSAN Central Committee Dr. Nar B Bista, General Secretary, OPEN, Nepal Dr. Dinesh Bhuju, Academician, NAST, Nepal Dr. Jyoti Gajurel, Researcher, Central Dept of Botany, TU ~ 9 ~ ADVISORY BOARD PATRON: Rt. Honorable Prime Minister of Nepal ADVISORS 1. Honorable Mr. Umesh Shrestha – Member of Parliament Coordinator HISSAN Directive Committee 2. Prof Dr. Tirtha Raj Khaniya, VC- Tribhuvan University Nepal 2. Prof Dr. Ram Kantha Makaju Shrestha, VC- Kathmandu University 3. Prof Dr. Upendra Koirala VC, Mid-Western University Nepal 4. Prof Chiranjeebi Prasad Sharma, VC- Pokhara University Nepal 5. Prof Dr. Ghanshyam Lal Das, VC- Purbanchal University Nepal 6. Prof Dr. Raj K Rauniyar, VC- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal 7. Prof Bhusan Shrestha, VC- Far-Western University Nepal 8. Prof Lekhnath Sharma, VC- Nepal Open University Nepal 9. Prof Dr. Jiba Raj Pokharel, VC- NAST 10. Secretary, Ministry of Education, Government of Nepal 11. Secretary, Ministry of Health, Government of Nepal 12. Secretary Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of Nepal 13. Prof Kedar Bhakta Mathema, Sr. Educationist, Former VC-Tribhuwan University 14. Dr. Chiranjivi Nepal, Governor, Nepal Rastra Bank, Nepal 15. Prof Dr. Chandra Mani Poudel, Chairman, National Examination Board, Nepal 16. Dr. Bindu N.Lohani, Former Vice-President of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) 17. Dr. Sanduik Ruit, Director-Institute of Opthalmology, Tilganga, Nepal 18. Dr.