Contents EDITORIAL Biomedical Journalism in SAARC Countries Prof. M. Yasin Khan Durrani---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------173 ORIGINAL ARTICLES Prevalence of Pseudo-exfoliative Glaucoma & its Preponderance of Age, Sex and Laerality in Patients of Pseudo-exfoliation Syndrome Sardar Bahadur Khan et al ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 174 Correlation between Axial Length & Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer thickness in Myopic Eyes Khurram Nafees et al ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 177 Success of Probing in Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction (CNLDO) Muhammad Junaid Sethi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 181 Ocular Features of Joubert syndrome Shabana Chaudhry et al ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 183 Frequency of Convergence Insufficiency in Orthoptic Clinic Imran Khalid et al ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 188 Difference in Central Corneal Thickness between Male & Female in Adults Danish Zafar et al ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 191 Prevalence of Refractive Error in School going Children in Southern Punjab (Pakistan) Mazhar Zaman Soomro et al ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 194 Trabeculectomy with & without Peripheral Iridectomy in Open Angle Glaucoma Muhammad Nazim et al --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 197 Frequency of Retinal Detachment in Ocular Trauma Bilal Khan et al -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 200 Safety of Intra-Cameral Moxifloxacin and its use in Prophylaxis of Post-Operative Endophthalmitis Imran Ahmad et al --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 204 Co-relation between Serum HbA1c with Sorbitol Concentration in the Lens of a Diabetic Patient Prof. Tariq Arain et al ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 208 Orbicularis Bi-pedicle Flap for Eye Lid Reconstruction: SAM’S Technique Sameera Irfan --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 212 GENERAL SECTION Age Related Structural changes in the Vermiform Appendix Sikander Hayat Niazi et al ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 217 ii Ophthalmology Update Vol. 11. No. 4, October-December 2013 CURRENT RESEARCH Possible New Strategy in AMD Prevention Prof. Rajendra Apte et al ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------222 Human Corneal Anatomy Redefined Prof. Harminder Singh Dua ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 224 Are Nerve Fibers being Atrophied or Severed in Glaucoma? Syed S. Hasnain et al ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 226 SHORT COMMUNICATION Promising Results of Eye Therapy in Post - Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Patients Abbas Hasnain ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------229 Where the mystery of Glaucoma lies? Syed S. Hasnain -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------231 REVIEW ARTICLE Ideal Glaucoma Drug: How close we are? Prof. Marianne L. Shahsuvaryan -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------233 History of Ophthalmic Surgery & Contribution of Muslim Scholars Madiha Durrani et al -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------237 POSTGRADUATE DIARY How to Give Intravitreal Injections, Indications & Risk Management Michelle E. Wilson et al ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 241 PROFILE Sameera Irfan --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------244 Prof. Harminder Singh Dua -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------245 OPHTHALMOLOGY NOTEBOOK -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------250 Ophthalmology Update Vol. 11. No. 4, October-December 2013 iii Editorial Biomedical Journalism in SAARC Countries Scientific publications of a country reflects the true encourage the young ophthalmolo- scientific progress and development of a country and gists to undertake research and fos- it plays an important role for dissemination and ex- ter new ideas in the skill of writing. change of knowledge. Holding such conferences is an The journal publishes peer-reviewed important milestone in the right direction. Such meet- articles, case reports, review articles, ings provide recognition and encourage the full poten- commentaries, articles on medi- tial for promoting research in a particular field which is cal education, new technology and the main objective of establishing a common platform of editorials covering core biomedical the SAARC countries. We need to make such ventures health subjects, emerging commu- more practical and viable in order to develop a common nity problems like environmental health and popula- lingua franca in every field of life especially in Medicine. tion. The editorial board of the journal is headed by In the best interest of the welfare of our people we the highly experienced and high profile academicians must improve the quality of life by accelerating the at international level. In fact “Ophthalmology Update” economic growth and social progress, which will fur- concentrates on quality of articles, its production with ther help in bringing the peace in the region. In fact, utmost regularity and in time publication. You will not in the current scenario, active collaboration and mutual be very surprised to find the journal on your office table assistance is the need of the hour. exact on the due date. In this context the SAARC Youth Award was a sig- With the Grace of God, the journal is becoming nificant scheme instituted in 1996 to provide recognition popular after each passing day and it has the largest cir- to extraordinary young talents and to encourage overall culation amongst the biomedical journals. It is duly ap- potential in our youth in the age group of 20-35 years. proved and indexed by the Pakistan Medical & Dental The award consisted of a Gold Medal and a cash prize Council, Higher Education Commission and Pakistan of 1500 US dollars; currently the scheme seems to be Medical Research Council. At the Govt. level it is reg- hanging in doldrums now. We need to rejuvenate and istered with the Government of Pakistan under Press & formulate more such schemes in the field of community Publication Ordinance and is ABC certified by the Press services like development of biomedical journalism, do- Information Department. It has its own website and we nation of human organs especially the eyes to meet the are vigorously pursuing the facility of on-line submis- challenge of growing blindness in South Asian coun- sion, reviewing and editing. tries. We know Sri Lanka is a torch bearer in this direc- As such the journal needs your active support and tion. The name of late Dr. Hudson Sylva will ever be we assure you that it will serve the best interest of our remembered who established an International Eye Bank scientists, health professional, ophthalmologists of the in his country and freely supplied donation of eyes to 77 South Asian region especially the member states of the countries of the world. He has motivated his own people SAARC countries. The Editorial Board and the man- to donate eyes after death, giving light to the millions agement of Ophthalmology Update cordially welcome and bringing them into the main stream of normal life the participating delegates of this conference and hope and making them economically a viable member of the their stay is comfortable, enjoyable and very fruitful. society. In this context, we have established a scientific jour- Prof. M. Yasin Khan Durrani nal ”Ophthalmology Update” internationally indexed MBBS., DO., MD., FRCOphth(London) and recognized, being published quarterly from Islama- Editor in Chief bad, Pakistan for the last 12 years. The main idea is to Phones: 009251 2299113, 0092 333 5158885 improve medical research especially in Ophthalmic E-mail: [email protected] sciences by approaching a wider spectrum of reader- Website: www.ophthalmologyupadte.com ship for the mutual benefit of our people, essentially to Address: 267-A, St: 53, F-10/4, Islamabad, Pakistan Ophthalmology Update Vol. 11. No. 4, October-December 2013 173 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Prevalence of Pseudo-exfoliative