Bridge06.qxd 25.1.2006 11:12 StrÆnka 16 British literature timeline (till the 19th century) Old English literature Lost. Besides poems, Milton published Victorian novels A legendary hero who kills powerful pamphlets defending civil and religious During the Victorian Age (Queen frightening creatures and becomes a rights. Victoria ruled from 1837 − 1901), novels king was celebrated in the Old English in which writers described English th epic, Beowulf, written by an unknown 18 century literature society with all its characters became writer in the 8th century. This century is the time of the the most popular literary form. The most important king of this Anglo− Enlightenment, the "Age of Reason", There were many talented women Saxon period, Alfred the Great (849 − when all branches of science were writers: The Brontë sisters lived in 901) was also a scholar and writer. He developed and resulted in great isolation in North Yorkshire. Jane Eyre by supported the Anglo−Saxon Chronicle technical progress. Charlotte Brontë (1816 - 1855) and describing the life, history and language Jonathan Swift (1667 - 1745) uses his Wuthering Heights by Emily of this time. black humour and irony in Brontë (1818 − 1848) his satirical pamphlets were two of the most Medieval literature (The Battle of Books). His original novels of the day Geoffrey Chaucer (1340 - 1400) is most famous work is as they were very fresh and considered to be the father of English Gulliver's Travels, a satire unconventional. poetry because he wrote in English on British society. Charles Dickens (1812 - 1870) wrote rather than in French or Daniel Defoe (1660 - 1731) is novels where heroes and literature Latin. His Canterbury remembered for his book villains were taken from Tales records the Robinson Crusoe, which is the hustle and bustle of 16 imagined conversations still one of the most Victorian London (Oliver of pilgrims as they popular books among Twist, David Copperfield, journeyed from London to children. In Moll Flanders, Great Expectations, Bleak Canterbury. he gives a realistic picture House). of the life of a prostitute in London. Thomas Hardy (1840 - 1928) wrote Renaissance and Reformation Henry Fielding's (1707 - 1754) about life in the Dorset The Renaissance in England culminated masterpiece, Tom Jones, countryside. He depicted during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I is a novel about a rather the tragedy of the common (ruled 1558 − 1603), a period of controversial character of man in his struggle with prosperity, successful sea voyages, and an adventurous sincere the elements and the cultural activities. The Reformation of the boy, who had no respect social system of the time Church in England from Catholic to for the moral codes of (Tess of the D'Urbervilles). Protestant was begun by Elizabeth’s society, but had a natural father, King Henry VIII in the 1530s. sense of justice. Dagmar Prosková, Jane Haward (Great Britain) William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616), the world's greatest playwright, wrote historical plays about Kings of England Romantic literature (Richard II, Henry V), Literature at the end of the 18th comedies (Twelfth Night, century turned again to sentiments, As You Like It), tragedies traditions, and exotic settings. vocabulary (Romeo and Juliet, Julius George Gordon, Lord Caesar, Hamlet, Macbeth, Byron (1788 - 1824) frightening ["fraIt(@)nIN] − dìsivý epic ["EpIk] − epos King Lear) as well as love represents the so−called scholar ["skQl@] − uèenec poetry, in the form of sonnets. Many well− "Revolutionary Romantics". to support [s@"pO:t] − podporovat known English sayings come from His work is concerned is considered to be [k@n"sId@d] − je povaován za Shakespeare's work, and he had a great with the freedom of the records the imagined [rI"kO:dz I"m&dZInd] − zachycují influence on the English language. individual as well as smyšlené nations (The Prisoners of Chillon). pilgrim ["pIlgrIm] − poutník saying − úsloví Sir Walter Scott (1771 - 1832) took for ["seIIN] The English Revolution forces [fO:sIz] − vojsko, armáda and Restoration his novels themes from pamphlets defending civil and religious rights Scottish history (Waverly, ["p&mflIts dI"fEndIN "sIv(@)l rI"lIdZ@s] − pamflety In 1640, a revolutionary struggle, The Rob Roy) and from English obhajující obèanská a náboenská práva Civil War between the King's army and history (Ivanhoe). Enlightenment [In"laIt(@)nm(@)nt] − osvícenství Oliver Cromwell's Parliamentary forces, Themes of horror and controversial [kQntr@"v@:S(@)l] − kontroverzní, sporný began. In 1660, the bourgeoisie decided mystery appeared in prose adventurous sincere boy [@d"vEntS(@)r@s sIn"sI@] − upøímný kluk milující dobrodruství to restore the monarchy and Charles II called "Gothic novels". moral codes ["mQr(@)l] − morální pravidla (the son of executed Charles I) returned Mary Shelley (1797 - 1851) wrote sense of justice ["dZVstIs] − smysl pro spravedlnost from exile in France. Frankenstein, which is the is concerned with [k@n"s@:nd] − se zabývá John Milton (1608 - 1674) one of the most well−known of the prose [pr@Uz] − próza greatest poets is Gothic novels with the fresh and unconventional [Vnk@n"vEnS(@)n(@)l] − svìí celebrated for his horror genre that we are a nekonvenèní powerful, rhetoric poetry so familiar with in films villain ["vIl@n] − padouch hustle and bustle ["hVs(@)l "bVs(@)l] − ruch a shon and is famous mainly for and on TV today. to depict [dI"pIkt] − líèit his epic poem Paradise.