DEVELOPMENT OF REMEDIATION PLANS WITH FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ELIMINATION OF INDUSTRIAL HOTSPOTS (EUROPEAID/123674/D/SER/MK) FEASIBILITY STUDY – Volume II – MHK Zletovo - Veles Development of Remediation Plans with Financial Requirements for Elimination of Industrial Hotspots An EU-funded project managed by the European Agency for Reconstruction Development of Remediation Plans with Financial Requirements for Elimination of Industrial Hotspots - Europeaid/123674/D/SER/MK Feasibility Study - Volume II –MHK Zletovo – Topilnica - Veles FEASIBILITY STUDY – Volume II – MHK Zletovo – “Topilnica” - Veles Project Title: Development of remediation plans with financial requirements for elimination of industrial hotspots Contract Number: 06MAC01/09/103 Contracting Authority: EUROPEAN AGENCY FOR RECONSTRUCTION Task Manager: Mr. Ivan Borisavljevic Address: Makedonija street 11/1, 1000 Skopje Phone: +389 2 3286-731 E-mail: [email protected] Beneficiary: MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND PHYSICAL PLANNING National coordinator: Mrs. Kaja Sukova Address: Drezdenska 52, 1000 Skopje Phone: +389 2 3066-930 extension 142 E-mail address: [email protected] Consultant: EPTISA (in consortium with DHI) Project Director: Mr. Marko Cacanoski Team Leader: Mr. Ewald Spitaler Address (Consultant): Princesa 3, planta 6, 28008 Madrid, Spain Address (Project): III Makedonska brigada 10a, 1000 Skopje Phone (Consultant): +381 62 208 700 Phone/Fax (Project): +389 2 3289-295 E-mail addresses: [email protected] [email protected] Date of report: 22 November 2007 Revision Number: -- 00 -- Approved: Mr. Ivan Borisavljevic …………………………………………. Development of Remediation Plans with Financial Requirements for Elimination of Industrial Hotspots An EU-funded project managed by the European Agency for Reconstruction Page 2 of 220 Development of Remediation Plans with Financial Requirements for Elimination of Industrial Hotspots - Europeaid/123674/D/SER/MK Feasibility Study - Volume II –MHK Zletovo – Topilnica - Veles LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AP Action Plan BAT Best Available Techniques BATNEEC Best Available Techniques Not Entailing Excessive Costs CARDS Community Assistance, Reconstruction, Development and Stabilisation CE Central-East CHIP Chemicals Hazard Information & Packaging COSHH Control of Substances Hazardous to Health DALY Disability Adjusted Life Years DS Dangerous Substances EAR European Agency for Reconstruction EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EC European Commission ESC Environmental Steering Committee € Euro EIONET European Environmental Information and Observation Network EU European Union GIS Geographic Information System GLPs Good Laboratory Practices GoM Government of Macedonia GPS Global Positioning System GTZ Gesellschaft fuer Technische Zusammenarbeit HWL Hazardous Waste List HZW Hazardous Waste HZWM Hazardous Waste Management IFI International Financial Institution ISC Inter-ministerial Steering Committee ISPA Instrument for Structural Policies for Pre-accession IPH Institute for Health Protection IPPC Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control ISIC International Standard of Industrial Classification Rev. 2 1968 (UNIDO) KfW Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau ( German Bank for Reconstruction ) LOAEL Lowest-Observed-Adverse- Effect Level LoW List of Wastes LSG Local Self Government Development of Remediation Plans with Financial Requirements for Elimination of Industrial Hotspots An EU-funded project managed by the European Agency for Reconstruction Page 3 of 220 Development of Remediation Plans with Financial Requirements for Elimination of Industrial Hotspots - Europeaid/123674/D/SER/MK Feasibility Study - Volume II –MHK Zletovo – Topilnica - Veles LWM Law on Waste Management MoEPP Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning MoH Ministry of Health MoF Ministry of Finance MoE Ministry of Economy MoTC Ministry of Transport and Communication NACE The EC statistical office (Eurostat) classification scheme of economic activities. ('Nomenclature générale des Activités économiques dans les Communautés Européennes' [General Industrial Classification of Economic Activities within the European Communities]) NE North-East NEAP National Environmental Action Plan NOAEL No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level NWMP National Waste Management Plan REC Regional Environmental Centre for Central and Eastern Europe REReP Regional Environmental Reconstruction Programme RfD Reference Dose POPs Persistent Organic Pollutants REReP Regional Environmental Reconstruction Program for South Eastern Europe PPP Public Private Partnership RIHP Republic Institute for Health Protection SAA Stabilisation and Association Agreement SC Steering Committee SMEs Small and Medium Size Enterprises SoEs Social owned entities SW Solid Waste SWM Solid Waste Management TA Technical Assistance TCLP Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure TNA Training Needs Analysis ToR Terms of Reference UNDP United Nation Development Programme UNEP United Nation Environmental Programme WHO World Health Organization WG Working Group WWT Waste Water Treatment YYL Years of life lost Development of Remediation Plans with Financial Requirements for Elimination of Industrial Hotspots An EU-funded project managed by the European Agency for Reconstruction Page 4 of 220 Development of Remediation Plans with Financial Requirements for Elimination of Industrial Hotspots - Europeaid/123674/D/SER/MK Feasibility Study - Volume II –MHK Zletovo – Topilnica - Veles Table of Contents Извршно резиме 15 Executive Summary 21 1 Introduction 27 1.1 Current state of affairs in Industrial Hotspots Management 27 2 Objectives / Results / Scope 29 2.1 Specific objectives 29 2.1.1 Results to be achieved by the Consultant 29 2.1.2 Scope of the work 29 2.1.2.1 Project description 29 2.1.3 Target groups 30 2.2 Phases of the Project 30 2.3 Contents of the Study 30 3 Generally description of the Veles smelter plant 31 3.1 Geographical description of the area 31 3.1.1 Climate Characteristics 32 3.2 Topographical Description of the area 32 3.3 Geological Description of the area 34 3.4 Hydro-geological Description of the area 36 4 Legal Perspective 37 4.1 Gap analyse 39 4.1.1 Gap identification 39 4.1.2 Gap summary 40 4.2 Terms of References 40 4.3 Ammendments on the law of waste management 40 5 Institutional Perspective 41 5.1 Funding Mechanism and set up of an implementation agency 41 5.1.1 Recommendation for the Most Appropriate Financing Model for former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 42 5.1.1.1 Selection criteria and principles 42 5.2 Institutional Framework for the Remediation Fund 43 5.2.1 Overview of existing institutional situation in Macedonia regarding remediation 43 5.2.2 Selection of institutional set up for the Macedonian Remediation Fund 44 5.2.2.1 Selection principles 44 5.2.2.2 Management of the Remediation Fund 44 5.2.3 Operational procedures of the Remediation Fund 46 5.3 Public Awareness and Information 47 5.4 Objectives 47 5.4.1 Specific objectives are formulated as follows 47 Development of Remediation Plans with Financial Requirements for Elimination of Industrial Hotspots An EU-funded project managed by the European Agency for Reconstruction Page 5 of 220 Development of Remediation Plans with Financial Requirements for Elimination of Industrial Hotspots - Europeaid/123674/D/SER/MK Feasibility Study - Volume II –MHK Zletovo – Topilnica - Veles 5.5 Approach 47 5.5.1 Core Issues related to public awareness 47 5.5.2 The core issues related to PA can be summarized as follows 47 5.6 Experiences of past Public Awareness activities in the Veles region 48 5.7 Target Groups, Information Needs, Communication Techniques 49 5.7.1 General public 49 5.7.2 Schools 49 5.7.3 National (Central) Government 49 5.7.4 Media 50 5.7.5 NGOs 50 5.7.6 Business sector 51 5.7.7 Local Authorities 51 5.7.8 Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning (MOEPP) 52 5.7.9 Donor 52 5.8 Key aspects of Public awareness rising 53 5.8.1 Communication techniques in small groups 53 5.8.2 Techniques for large groups participation 54 5.9 Public awareness rising program 54 5.10 Near future planned activities 56 5.10.1 General objective of the Public Information Campaign 56 5.10.2 Specific objective 56 5.10.3 Details 56 5.10.4 Proposed activities 57 5.10.5 Financing, breakdown of costs 57 6 Technical Perspective - Assessments 59 6.1 Qualitative Health Impact Assessment 59 6.1.1 Background- General profile of the Country 59 6.1.2 Legal Framework and Institutions 62 6.1.2.1 Approximation 64 6.1.3 State of the Environment and Health in the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 65 6.1.4 Health Risk Impacting factors 68 6.1.4.1 Air pollution 68 6.1.4.2 Indoor air pollution 70 6.1.4.3 Drinking water 70 6.1.4.4 Water for recreation purposes 71 6.1.4.5 Wastewater discharges 71 6.1.4.6 Waste 71 6.1.4.7 Noise 72 6.1.4.8 Food safety 72 6.1.5 Occupational Health 73 6.1.5.1 Radioactivity 73 6.1.6 Health Risk Assessment methodologies 73 6.1.6.1 Risk estimation 73 6.1.6.2 Risk evaluation 73 6.1.6.3 Risk control 73 6.1.7 Methods 74 6.1.7.1 Advantage of various methods 75 6.1.7.2 Risks and constrains of various methods 76 6.1.7.3 Parameters and indicators for choosing a methodology 77 6.1.7.4 Qualitative Risk Assessment matrix 77 6.1.8 Site Specific Risk Assessment 79 Development of Remediation Plans with Financial Requirements for Elimination of Industrial Hotspots An EU-funded project managed by the European Agency for Reconstruction Page 6 of 220 Development of Remediation Plans with Financial