DOCONENT RESUME ED 191697. SE 031 902' ;TITLE The Challenge of Survival: A Guidefor Tea\chers. Eullettn_So.."124 Revised'1.975.. , INSTITUTION Alabama State Pept. of Education Montgomery. Div., . Instructienal-Ser 'ces. PUB DATE- ,;5 -. NOTE 166p. 10r related document, see SE 031 993. Contain`t light and'broken type. !DRS PRICE MF01/pC07 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Air Pollution: *Civil Defense: Class Activities: Curriculum Development: Decision Making; Elementary Secondary Education: *Emergency Programs; *Environmental Education: Nuclear Warfare: Pollution; _Public Health:*Public Policy: *Water Pollution This guide is devoted to developient of .instructional units dealer with threats to human survival. It addresses.hcth natural-and man-made disasters. Chapters include descriptions of specific threats and suggested approaches to dealing with them. Appendices present source information for.films, freeresource material, physical education material, resourceagencies, and transparency masters. (RE). * * ******* -_* supplied by EDRS ar ,he best can be made from the origina document. **** *******4* ****** ************************** AD OW 01 REPRODUCE PPS GRAMM Erf fl u4 QC PAntifEliT 4F miLf1,7M_ EVoCaftOlv I WCLFACC maa.ToONAL ih_ISTITOTe Or EDOEAT;Oxii 7.01 EKKomeiNT mAS EPOC, Dote@ ExCfL.-AS_RECEIVED FROM 1.E PERSO 14OgrOFICAPoZATIONOR!Giog "AT Ikc, It fOo.TSOF,-4,,Eor of of iN10141$ STATED_ D@ "°INA,,OhAt, .00T,ToTfloir- EDUCATIONPOS,7.0.4OaPOLICY A GUIDE FOR TEACHERS STATE OF ALABAMA ?tinen dricaffon Montgomery, Alabama BULLETIN NO. 12 REVISED 1975 THE CHALLENGE 017SURVINTAL A Teacher's Guide Basic Sciences Sectinn ,Division of Instruction William C.. Berryman, Director Division of Instruction Wayne Teague State Superintendent of Education Alabama State Department of Education State' Office Building Montgomery, Alabama 36130 Bulletin NO0 Revised d-19M1- Second:,Printing,July 1976 xthe'very beginning of history- man as,concerned with survival. In some of the firstexamples o man was seen struggling r corded history as an individual ainst, against wild animals, aid cave-dwellers, against unfiainessed native, Gradu- ally, as centuriespassed, he began to work in an attempt with othir people to survive. The beginning of whatwe call civi- lization stems-from this working relationshipbetween.man-and man. Basic ruleswere then established. a way of life were beginning Customs,_hatits, and to take form. Nan learned how to survive better by workingwith others. The natural environment that- faced him was friend and his worst struggled tO understand eiemy. He. it He mdved from placeto_place fish7 the forests supplied us -nine him the game, thestreams the fish. most difficult task at modern man faces iscompro- mise. The struggle for,freedom is an tnherent person. dream in each Always when the freedomof one man conflial&s with freedom of another, the a battle= of sorts res4es andonman is conquered and th6 other isvictorious. Imour society today face some of thebasic problems that concept of freedom. are fundamental _to man's How do we solveour problems that -relate to pollution, drug abuse, natural disasters, and thethreat of nuclear war?Whatever legislation tion placed exists there will berestric- upon someone for the benefitof_someane-else. is the purpose ofthe authors of this dent to an text to stimulate thestu- awareness of of todlay's problems ofsurvival. Today everyone shouldrecognize the need _problems_ surh to understand as- land, populstion,-air-,--noise,and water poIlu-. tion; drug abuse; andissues that peitainto law and order. Usually, however, natural disasters such as tornadoes,hurri- canes, and floods are not takentoo seriously except during that moment when thedisaster strikes111-e5e,TlabiltimS1 as the .threat of a nuclear as well disaster, can be faced withwisdom and understanding--andwith such wisdom and can survive. understanding, man 1 Wayne Teague State Superintendent ofEducation. _It i,the purpose de to emphasize the necessity far indl.vidualrconcern e ?disaster readinesscoupled with an Undersfanding.o_ nsl government as it responds to an "emersency. Brice th f the canturour government -has;been vitally conberneaWit ti- positive reacsion to civil, conoOlc, environmental, and,nitary disturbantes. The gdal - has-generally. been correctivan-doar emphasis Inothe class- room has beenin retrospect. is ,the intent. ctf{tramscourse o offer-a programfto"pro vival, w4Ateve patuial or man-made. the. emArgency-- when Disadter-preparedneslAi&AIett accomplished thereis the'Veiire tosurvivtfind wi0'.-a lea ship that edutat award understandfiag Pbtentialdisaters. ere s entire -guide s the individual's responsi- bility for surviva Ma ural.and disastprs present a clear and present ger-to the individualand to society. Ap- propriate action mutt-be plannedin" order to cope.withan emergency which arises in,our everVayIivihg. Government as- it funitp3nsrelattvetoever d pitobleras realistic.civics.-Understanding the qtAictu essential, Nat comprehending thpoperationalaspectof functional govern7 ment is vital in order -to assist the ,student "II assuminga pdsitive rolerelative:to.vitical analysisa d constructive ,performance asa citizen of tomorrow. 7, 4.4 iii The fat, upon a.mzn . apdei zc obj be deveZo d 4ocat needs. Each student: 1. Gives evidence to the fact thatdisasters, both natural aryl ma -made, may strike anytideand 'any ere. Is ableto explain the role of governmentin time emeTgan.eib 3. Shows an-awareness of 'importancethat individSals, families, and communities should know whatto do to protect themselves in time of emergency. 4. Participates in making _amily plans forhome ancommunity shelter living. 5. Accepts responsibility for developing_ Mallsand attitudes needed for adapting to shelter living Shows interest in add understandingof Civil Defenseorgan zation and responsibilities =- national, state, and local. Displays an awareness f local Civil Defense planningfor his protection. 8. Has a basic understanding of-the effectsof natural add man-made disasters,- including nuclearwar. 9- Temonst ates a conce pollution'pro6lems. 10. Accepts responsibility for survival. 11-. Exhibits sensitivity to oblems. 12. Recogniltes.the need for pelance betweenfreedom and responsibility. TAILSOFCONTENTS Pose Chapter One - Natural Disasters -Chapter TwoAf Survival in Our Nuclest Age 24 Chapter Thred - Civil Defense in OtherNations. 37 -.hapter Four = Civil DefenseinTime qi Emergency. Chapter Five- Pollution Problems. 49 Chaps e Six fir Pollution e 52 Chapter Seven -"Noise Pollution * Chapter Eight - Water Pollution . 68 Chapter Wine - ,'Drug A Problems 9i Apandi - Films - 106 Appendix B Free Re-urceMatexial. 118 Appendix C - Relevant Stientific' Information . 120 'Appendix D - ,Phylical Eduication Matefial . .123 Appendix E Resource Agencies . 1;4 1!4eP Transparency !tasters --26: ti if_ a .- CHAPTERR 0 E - ATURAZDISASTERS Intr duct on o-study natural disasters' (Visual t 1. Etamples of unusual intcideats resulting 1 om natura lisasters t. 2.'1-Personal effects%resulting from experiencing natural _- . disasters . -... Improved-chances of ;survival resulting from knowledge and Ats.application f, B. Hurricanes 1. What are hurricanes? a. Defini.tion: Tropical worms that have their beginnings near but not direCtly over the equator b. /Characteristics of hurricanes: 17 (1) Formation occurs over all tropical oi4Ins except the South Atlantie. -(21 Hurricanes are also. knbwn by fthei.'names; 'for:example, they are called ''typhoons" in Southeast Asia and "cyclonei"- subcontinent, of India. Hurricanes affecting the United1Stateshave their beginnings in the Atlantic Ocean; the Caribbean, and 'the Gulf of Mexico. (4) .Hurricanes usually move from west 1n the be- ginning and curve toward the north. (5) They usually weaken and dissipate before . traveling fat inland, sometime, causing severe inland floods. Wind velocity must reach seventy-four mile? per hour before called a hurricane,' The d- meter of hurricane may vary frdm 50 t Q miles. $ -et 2. The dange -r of hurricanes a.! Ho epowerful`erful of storms/ Property damage and loss of lives ark tietmen- dous due to strong winds, high water ,and' storm suyges. c (2) The nature of a hurricane (its slow Movement) makes tt poisible.to watch, predict, plan, -and implement preAectiveMeasurer'. b efts-not confined to coastal areas Heavy.rainfall over the entire state may pre- cede and follow the hurricane. 2) ,Tornadoes are often spawned huricanes.. c. 'Decrease In loos of lives due t creased knowl- edge.and advahced telthnoldgy; 'increase in fixed pxolpeTty damage as. coastal areas undergo tuyther ecosomicMdevelopment (Visuals. 2 and ,3) (1) St-4 m surges'withitheir walls of water and. re- cediig (rather than winds) cause mo-st deeds and,damAge. Six thousand people died in lveston; Texas, in 19110from_ the,stor_ surged Two thousantripeop).e drowned in Florida in (c) Threeshundred and eighty people drowned in Louisiana in June 1957 from the rurge. (2 )-The six to twelve inches rainfall 'brought into an a.rea0y a hurricane'prodUees-fq,00ding. ) Hurricane Diane (4955) produced killer floods in Penuarlvadiev lock, arid- New :England rhatclaimed 200 lives and : caused about $700,000,000 damage Hurrican-Camille (1969),hir the Louisiana- Hississi i coastline; but its rainfall produced major flooding in West Virginia, claiming over 10(1" lives_ ad_ dover $100,,000,000 property damage. (c) Hurricane Agnes (1972)1struc the Gilf Coast, but .produced rains and flodds that killed more' than 111 pepple in Penn- yTvania,= New-Torko