175°E 180° 175°W 170°W 165°W 160°W 155°W 150°W 35°N 35°N North America Japan Map Area Photo by Dan Clark/USFWS Hawaiian Islands Photo by Na‘alehu Anthony P a c i f i c Seabird Refuge A Living Hawaiian Culture O c e a n The monument is home to over 14 million seabirds 30°N Hiryū USS Yorktown Equator representing 23 species. This includes the world's Traditional Hawaiian accounts describe largest colonies of Laysan and black-footed Papahānaumokuākea as a sacred area from which Rapa Sōryū albatross. Pictured above is the world's oldest life first emerged and to which spirits return after Nui Australia known bird in the wild – a Laysan albatross named 30°N death. Akagi Wisdom! Banded in 1956 when she was at least five Kaga years old, Wisdom may have hatched more than 36 New Zealand chicks in her lifetime. Hōlanikū Manawai Unnamed Holoikauaua Mokupāpapa Seamount Kure Atoll Pearl & Hermes Atoll 582,578 square miles, only six square miles of land Helsley Seamount Ladd Seamount Kamole Kauō ‘Ōnūnui, ‘Ōnūiki Photo by Mark Sullivan/NOAA Laysan Island Photo by NOAA/OER Endemic Sanctuary Pūhāhonu New Discoveries The monument is home to many species found Kuaihelani Gardner Pinnacles The majority of the seafloor in the Northwestern nowhere else on Earth and is a critically important Pihemanu Salmon Hawaiian Islands lies at depths below 10,000 feet nesting ground for green sea turtles and breeding Bank (3,000 meters). Using advanced technologies like ground for Hawaiian monk seals. Midway Atoll remotely operated vehicles, researchers are Pioneer Mokumanamana discovering high-density biological communities and Bank unique species at these depths. 25°N Necker Island Neva Shoal Raita Bank 25°N North Hampton Nihoa Seamounts Kapou Papa‘āpoho Two Brothers Lisianski Island 19th century whaling shipwreck St. Rogatien Photo by Greg McFall/NOAA Kamokuokamohoali‘i & Brooks Banks Ke Ala Polohiwa a Kāne Predator-Dominated Coral Reefs Ko‘anako‘a Tropic of Cancer Photo by Tane Casserley/NOAA The monument protects 3.5 million acres of coral Traces of our Seafaring Past reef where sharks and large fish like ulua (trevally, Maro Reef Archival research indicates there may be as many pictured here) still dominate. International Date Line Twin Middle as 67 shipwreck sites, the earliest of which dates Banks Bank back to 1818, within monument waters. There are Kaua‘i also at least 503 aircraft sites, many lost during the Battle of Midway. These sites represent the legacy of our nation's maritime heritage in this region, Lalo O‘ahu providing a window through which we can better Original boundary understand our seafaring past. Kānemiloha‘i Ni‘ihau Moloka‘i French Frigate Shoals Expanded boundary Maui 20°N Lāna‘i Kai‘aikawaha genealogy names* (Ancient Hawaiian names) Kaho‘olawe 20°N Hawaiian Lexicon Committee names* (Contemporary Hawaiian names) Hawai‘i Common names† (Derived from modern nautical charts) References *Nogelmeier, P. (1995, December). He mau inoa kahiko paha i nalo a hoea hou mai? [Ancient names that have disappeared and been recovered?]. Ka ‘Āha‘i ‘Ōlelo, Puke VIII: III. Kikiloi, Kekuewa. "Rebirth of an Archipelago: Sustaining a Hawaiian Cultural Identify The Hawaiian for People and Homeland.” Honolulu: Kamehameha Schools, 2010. Print. Islands are drifting to the northwest *Kimura,L.L. 1998. Hawaiian names for the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Page 27 in S.P. Juvik and J.O.Juvik (eds.), Atlas of Hawai‘i, 3rd ed. University of Hawai‘i at 3.4 inches per Press, Honolulu. year † Rauzon, Mark J. 2001. Isles of Refuge: Wildlife and History of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. University of Hawai‘i Press, Honolulu. NIO M O UN IM D R T IA A L • P • 0 100 200 W L O 15°N A I Kilometers R D L D A World Heritage Site N Miles H O www.papahanaumokuakea.gov E M R E 0 100 200 I 15°N T IN AG O E • PATRIM 175°E 180° 175°W 170°W 165°W 160°W 155°W.