A MULTIMODAL ANALYSIS TO MYTHS AND LEGENDS FOUND IN DOTA 2 A THESIS BY KASSANDRA REG. NO. 130705102 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA A MULTIMODAL ANALYSIS TO MYTHS AND LEGENDS FOUND IN DOTA 2 A THESIS BY KASSANDRA REG. NO: 130705102 SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR Prof. T.Silvana Sinar, MA. Ph.D Dr. Dra. T. Thyrhaya Zein, MA. NIP. 195409161980032003 NIP. 196301091988032001 Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Department of English DEPATMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination. Head, Secretary, Dr. Deliana, M.Hum Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA. Ph.D NIP. 195711171983032002 NIP.197502092008121002 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural StudiesUniversity of Sumatera Utara, Medan. The examination was held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on Thursday, March 29 2018 Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Dr. Drs. Budi Agustono, M.S. NIP. 196008051987031001 Board of Examiners Sign 1. Dr. Deliana, M.Hum NIP. 195711171983032002 2. Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, MA. Ph.D NIP. 195409161980032003 3. Dr. Drs. Umar Mono, Dipl. Trans, M.Hum. NIP. 195706261983032001 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I, KASSANDRA, DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHER OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION. Signed: Date: March 29 2018 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA COPYRIGHT DECLARATION NAME : KASSANDRA TITLE OF THESIS : A MULTIMODAL ANALYSIS TO MYTHS AND LEGENDS FOUND IN DOTA 2 QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. Signed : Date : March 29 2018 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ACKNOWLEDGMENT Al-hamdu lillahi rabbil ‘alamin, praise to god Allah SWT the almighty. I am grateful that I finally finished my thesis entitled “A Multimodal Analysis to Myths and Legends Found in DOTA 2.”. Much things happened in the making of this thesis and I am pretty much sure without Allah SWT guidance and the support of so many people around me I will not be able to finish this thesis and for that I want to express my best gratitude and regards for: 1. My family,Mami, my brothers and sisters, you all are always be there for me whenever I need and it is the best support I can have as a person until now and on. 2. My supervisor and co-supervisor, Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, MA. Ph.D and Dr. Dra. T. Thyrhaya Zein, MA, and also my examiner Dr. Drs. Umar Mono, Dipl. Trans, M.Hum. Thank you for all of your guidance and advices. 3. The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, Dr. Drs. Budi Agustono, M.S, the Head of English Department, Dr. Deliana, M.Hum, the Secretary of English Department, Mr. Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A, Ph.D and all the lecturers and staff in English Department of University of Sumatera Utara, you all are the best. 4. Bang Kibot, thank you, simply just for everything. You help me so much. 5. To everyone in Medan Gamers and my gamers friends, bang Max, bang Jerry, Wandi, Feni, Muthy, and all of my friends who keep supporting me from my social media, I am sorry if I forget to mention some people, but the point is, I really have to mention you guys, for you are my other UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA family where I grew up as a person and also the place where I can have laughter and happiness all the time, no matter how hard I hit the bottom. Without all of you, I might have given up all these things already. Thanks guys, for everything, sincerely. 6. My beloved friends who always got my back, Dannish & Dini. Thank you so much for your help to teach me if I did something wrong, especially Dannish, and Dini who also support me from Bekasi. 7. My beloved, SyahDana, thanks for being there from the start until now, thanks for keep supporting me whatever I did. Thanks for your help, especially when I need someone to tell everything, my happiness and also my sadness, really thank you so much, dear. Also thanks to SyahDana’s Mama who always give me a good pray and smile. 8. To my friend in campus, in my class, thank you so much for the encouragement and support. 9. To my senior who support me to domy thesis as fast as possible, thank you so much, especially Bang Fikry who teaches me so much about my thesis, thank you so much for helping me. UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Penelitian skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengaplikasikan teori Multimodal Interactive Meaning dengan cara menemukan makna interaksi yang terkandung di dalam video game yang berjudul Defend of the Ancient 2 (DOTA 2) dalam bentuk gambar visualdan juga juga pesan yang terdapat di dalam video gametersebut yang didapati dalam bentuk representase atau adaptasi. DOTA 2 merupakan sebuah video game multi-player 5vs5 yang dimainkan secara online dan membutuhkan strategi untuk memenangkan permainan tersebut. Metodologi yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan model interaktif yang diperkenalkan oleh Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana (2014). Multimodal adalah teori yang diperkenalkan oleh Kress dan Van Leeuwen (1996) dan digunakan dalam penelitian ini karena mampu menganalisis video game melalui gambar yang ditampilkan di layar berdasarkan makna interaksinya. Beberapa gambar yang di ambil dari video game DOTA 2 di analisis menggunakan teori multimodal dan menghasilkan makna interaksi yang membangun gambar tersebut dengan komponen-komponen berupa Contact, Social Distance, dan Attitude yang kemudian komponen-komponen tersebut dijelaskan satu per satu di setiap gambar visual. Hasil dari penelitian berupa hasil analisis dari makna interaksi setiap gambar visual dari video game dan adaptasi dari mahkluk mitologi Yunani dan legenda. Kata Kunci: Image, Multimodal, Video game UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT The objective of this thesis is to apply the theory of Multimodal Interactive Meaning by finding the meaning of interaction contained in the video game titled Defend of the Ancient 2 (DOTA 2) in the form of visual images and also the message contained in the video game that is found in form of representation or adaptation. DOTA 2 is a 5vs5 multiplayer video game that is played online and needs a strategy to win the game. The methodology used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. This study uses an interactive model introduced by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014). Multimodal is a theory introduced by Kress and Van Leeuwen (1996) and used in this study because it is able to analyze video games through images displayed on the screen based on the meaning of interaction. Some images taken from the DOTA 2 in the analysis use multimodal theory and generate the interactive meaning that builds the image with the components of Contact, Social Distance, and Attitude which then the components are described one by one in each visual image. The results of the research are the results of the analysis of the interactive meaning of each visual image of the video game and the adaptation of Greek mythology and legend. Keywords: Image, Multimodal, Video game UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ................................................................... v COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ............................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGMENT ........................................................................... vii ABSTRAK ................................................................................................... ix ABSTRACT .................................................................................................. x TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................. xi LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................... xiii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of The Study..................................................1 1.2 Problems of The Study ...................................................... 4 1.3 Objective of The Study ..................................................... 5 1.4 Scope of The Study ........................................................... 5 1.5 Significance of The Study ................................................. 5 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1 Concepts ............................................................................ 6 2.1.1 Myth ............................................................................... 6 2.1.2 Legend ...........................................................................