RICE Authors Produced and published by the Dr. Richard J. Norman, Professor - Soil Fertility, 115 Plant University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Science, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Cooperative Extension Service Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 2301 S. University 72701 (e-mail: [email protected]). Little Rock, Arkansas 72204 Dr. Jason Norsworthy, Professor and Weed Scientist, 1366 W. Altheimer Drive, Department of Crop, Soil EDITOR and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Dr. Jarrod T. Hardke, Rice Extension Agronomist Fayetteville, AR 72704 (e-mail: [email protected]). CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS AND RICE Dr. Trent Roberts, Assistant Professor - Soil Fertility/Soil PRODUCTION HANDBOOK COMMITTEE Testing, 1366 W. Altheimer Drive, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University Dr. Tom Barber, Associate Professor and Extension of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704 (e-mail: Weed Scientist, Lonoke, AR 72086 (e-mail: [email protected]). [email protected]). Dr. Samy Sadaka, Assistant Professor and Extension Dr. Rick D. Cartwright, Associate Director - Agriculture Engineer - Biosystems, Rice Research and Extension and Natural Resources, State Extension Office, Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., Stuttgart, AR 72160 P.O. Box 391, Little Rock, AR 72203 (e-mail: (e-mail: [email protected]). [email protected]). Mr. Lance Schmidt, Area Extension Rice Specialist - Dr. Paul Counce, Professor and Rice Physiologist, Rice North Arkansas, 208½ Main Street, Jackson County Extension Office, Newport, AR 72112 (e-mail: Research and Extension Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., [email protected]). Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: [email protected]). Dr. Bob Scott, Professor and Extension Weed Scientist, Dr. Brandon C. Grigg, Research Associate and Rice Quality Lonoke Extension and Research Center, P.O. Box 357, Lab Manager, Department of Food Science, 2650 N. Lonoke, AR 72086 (e-mail: [email protected]). Young Avenue, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704 (e-mail: [email protected]). Dr. Terry Siebenmorgen, University Professor and Director - University of Arkansas Rice Processing Program, Dr. Jarrod T. Hardke, Assistant Professor and Rice Department of Food Science, 2650 N. Young Avenue, Extension Agronomist, Rice Research and Extension University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704 (e-mail: Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., Stuttgart, AR 72160 [email protected]). (e-mail: [email protected]). Dr. Nathan Slaton, Professor and Director - Soil Testing, Dr. Chris Henry, Assistant Professor and Water 1366 W. Altheimer Drive, Department of Crop, Soil Management Engineer, Rice Research and Extension and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., Stuttgart, AR 72160 Fayetteville, AR 72704 (e-mail: [email protected]). (e-mail: [email protected]). Dr. Yeshi Wamishe, Assistant Professor and Rice Extension Pathologist, Rice Research and Extension Center, Dr. Fleet N. Lee, Professor and Plant Pathologist, Retired. 2900 Highway 130 E., Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: Dr. Gus Lorenz, Professor and Extension Entomologist, [email protected]). Lonoke Extension and Research Center, P.O. Box 357, Dr. Brad Watkins, Associate Professor - Agricultural Lonoke, AR 72086 (e-mail: [email protected]). Economics, Rice Research and Extension Center, Mr. Ralph Mazzanti, Area Extension Rice Specialist - 2900 Highway 130 E., Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: [email protected]). South Arkansas, Rice Research and Extension Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: Dr. Charles E. Wilson, Jr., Director – Rice Research and [email protected]). Extension Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: [email protected]). Dr. Karen Moldenhauer, Professor and Rice Breeder, Rice Research and Extension Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., EDITING AND LAYOUT Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: [email protected]). Laura Goforth, Communications Table of Contents 1 – Introduction ...........................................................1 Residual Herbicides ........................................................57 Bolero 8E.................................................................57 2 – Rice Growth and Development...............................9 Command 3ME ......................................................58 Vegetative Phase .............................................................11 Quinclorac ...............................................................58 Reproductive Phase ........................................................14 Prowl H2O..............................................................59 Ripening Phase ...............................................................19 Broadleaf and Aquatic Weed Control .............................59 Effect of Temperature on Growth and Aim .........................................................................59 Development of Rice ................................................20 Basagran, Ultra Blazer and Storm.............................59 3 – Rice Cultivars and Seed Production .....................21 Grandstand-R 3SL ...................................................60 Rice Seed Production .....................................................22 Londax 60DF ..........................................................60 Genetically Modified Rice ..............................................23 Permit or Permit Plus ...............................................60 Rice Cultivar Performance and Strada ......................................................................61 Agronomic Characteristics ........................................23 Regiment .................................................................61 Other Cultivars ..............................................................28 Grasp .......................................................................61 Kernel Classification and Cooking Qualities...................28 2,4-D.......................................................................61 Aquatic Weed Control .............................................61 4 – Rice Stand Establishment .....................................31 Harvest Aids – Sodium Chlorate ....................................62 Seeding Rate...................................................................31 Seed Treatments..............................................................33 8 – Chemical Applications..........................................63 Seeding Date and Soil Temperatures ...............................35 Soil Applications of Pesticides .........................................63 Tillage and Post-Seeding Management ...........................38 Ground-Based Applications .....................................63 References ......................................................................40 Aerial Applications ...................................................64 Postemergence Applications of Pesticides ........................65 5 – Water-Seeded Rice ................................................41 Ground-Based Applications .....................................65 Conventional Water-Seeding ..........................................41 Aerial Applications ...................................................65 Field Preparation......................................................41 Pesticide Drift.................................................................65 Methods of Presoaking.............................................42 Flag the Technology .................................................66 Water Management..................................................42 Fertilizers ........................................................................67 Nutrient Management .............................................42 Ground Applied.......................................................67 Weed Control ..........................................................43 Aerially Applied .......................................................67 Insect Control ..........................................................44 Material Property Effects..........................................68 No-Till Water-Seeded Rice .............................................44 General Recommendations.............................................68 Rice Stubble Management .......................................44 Nitrogen Management .............................................44 9 – Soil Fertility ..........................................................69 Nitrogen.........................................................................69 6 – DD50 Computerized Rice Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates ..........................................69 Management Program ..........................................45 Standard Method .....................................................69 How to Use the DD50 ...................................................46 Nitrogen-Soil Test for Rice (N-STaR) ......................71 Uses of the DD50 ..........................................................47 Dry Seeding .............................................................73 Explanation of the DD50 Printout .................................47 Early N Application and Management .....................74 Growth Stages ..........................................................48 Midseason N Application and Management ............78 Herbicides ...............................................................49 Water-Seeding – Pinpoint Flood ..............................79 Other .......................................................................49 Conservation or No-Till Systems .............................80