Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-12912-1 - International Justice in Rwanda and the Balkans: Virtual Trials and the Struggle for State Cooperation Victor Peskin Index More information Index accountability, 5, 23, 160, 227, 237, 245, successor of, 58 247 on UN Security Council, 49 Ademi, Rahim, 102 Argentina, 23 arrest of, 130 Armenian genocide, 19 indictment of, 128, 132, 139 Arusha Accords, 156, 167 Afghanistan, 135, 252 Ashdown, Paddy, 25n African Union, 253, 254 Assembly of States Parties, 251n Ahmici´ massacre, 101, 107, 110 Association for the Promotion of Aidid, Mohamed Farrah, 47 Croatian Identity and Prosperity, 129 Albania,54. See also Kosovo crisis Avega (survivor organization), 199–200 Albright, Madeleine, 32 boycott by, 203–4 capital punishment and, 164 protest march by, 215–16 Dayton Accords and, 53 ICTY and, 55 Bagosora, Theoneste,´ 173, 177, 226 Miloseviˇ c´ and, 52, 53 Bakuramutsa, Manzi, 161, 163, 164, 165, Aleksovski, Zlatko, 113 167 Alilovic,´ Stipo, 115 on location of ICTR, 165, 167 American Service Members’ Protection Banovic,´ Nenad, 74 Act, 252 Banovic,´ Predrag, 74 amnesty, 39, 42 Barayagwiza, Jean-Bosco, 171, 187, 213, Dayton peace talks and, 44 222 Amnesty International, 175, 192 due process violations with, 179 Annan, Kofi, 220, 221 ICTR reforms after, 184 Arab League, 254 role in genocide of, 177 Arbour, Louise, 18, 30, 48, 51, 58, 172, sentencing of, 183, 184 239 trial of, 184 on ICTY’s power, 110 Barbie, Klaus, 196 Kosovo crisis and, 56 Bass, Gary, 19–22 Miloseviˇ c´ indictment and, 58, 59 Bassiouni, Cherif, 40 political advisors of, 212 Belgium, 157, 173 RPF investigations by, 190 Bellinger, John B. III, 253 Rwandan demonstration against, 178 Bergevin, Nicole, 214 263 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-12912-1 - International Justice in Rwanda and the Balkans: Virtual Trials and the Struggle for State Cooperation Victor Peskin Index More information 264 Index Bishop, James K., 36 arrest of, 139 Blair, Tony, 52 indictment of, 138 Blaskiˇ c,´ Tihomir, 112 trial of, 140 indictment of, 109 Chad, 5 promotion of, 108, 109 Chapter VII of UN Charter, 10, 247, 250 sentencing of, 110, 123, 140 Chile, 5, 23 trial of, 110, 115 China, 164, 251 Blewitt, Graham, 45, 59, 67, 72, 106, Chirac, Jacques, 64 115, 124 Christopher, Warren, 36, 52, 108 Boban, Mate, 101, 135 Cicero, Marcus Tullius, 245 Bobetko, Janko, 102 Clark, Wesley, 46 death of, 132, 135 Clinton, Bill, 40 indictment of, 102, 132, 135, 139, 140 Bosnian War and, 38, 47, 51 Bosnia, 25 Kosovo crisis and, 60 civil war in, 36, 46 Tudman− and, 102, 108 Croatia and, 50–51, 102 Coalition for International Justice, 250 Dayton Peace Accords and, 46 Coalition for the Defense of the Republic, Bosnian Serb Republic. See Republika 177 Srpska compliance. See non-compliance Bot, Bernard, 87 Congo, Democratic Republic of, 15, 154, Boutros-Ghali, Boutros, 166 254, 255 Brammertz, Serge, 89n Anglo-American interests in, 211 Bruguiere,` Jean-Louis, 229–30 civil war in, 210 Budisa,ˇ Drazen,ˇ 124, 126, 128 Hutu refugees in, 156, 157, 159, 162 Burns, Nicholas, 40, 50 Hutu reprisals from, 168 Bush, George H. W. RPF interventions in, 160 Bosnian war and, 35, 38 Contact Group, 55 ICTY and, 69 Cook, Robin, 52 Persian Gulf War and, 98 cooperation, 30, 62, 239–43. See also Bush, George W. non-compliance ICC and, 21, 252, 253 compliance and, 243–46 Nigeria and, 249 Cori´ c,´ Valentin, 141 Rwanda and, 222 Cotˆ e,´ Luc, 58 Serbian aid and, 77, 82 Council of Europe, 88n, 112–113 U.S. human rights abuses and, counter-shaming, 11, 12, 62. See 135 also shaming techniques Butare trial, 199, 226 by Croatia, 93, 116, 121 by Rwanda, 152, 186, 195, 198, 201, Cambodia, 5, 42n, 247 205, 218 Cameroon, 173, 180, 250 by Serbia, 63, 85, 114 capital punishment, 21, 154, 162, Crane, David, 25, 249n, 255n 164, 227 crimes against humanity, 29, 42, 57, 189, Carnegie Commission on Preventing 235 Deadly Conflict, 18 Croat Union of Herceg-Bosna, 101n Cassese, Antonio, 42, 47, 108 Croatia. See also Homeland War complaints of, 49 Bosnia and, 50–51, 102 successor of, 48 constitutions of, 97 Central African Republic, 254 EU candidacy of, 146, 148, 191 Cermak,ˇ Ivan, 139 Greater, 100, 141 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-12912-1 - International Justice in Rwanda and the Balkans: Virtual Trials and the Struggle for State Cooperation Victor Peskin Index More information Index 265 independence of, 23, 132 Des Forges, Alison, 180 stabilization and association agreement Dicker, Richard, 85 for, 134, 143 Dieng, Adama, 198, 215, 216 transitional democracy in, 14 Din− di− c,´ Zoran, 63, 79 Ustasaˇ movement and, 33 assassination of, 13, 80, 81, 91 victim status of, 100 Blewitt on, 67 war crimes of, 33, 51 Del Ponte and, 66–69, 79 Croatian Democratic Union Party, 94, ICTY after, 83 111, 117, 132 Kostunicaˇ and, 65, 69, 74 defeat of, 119, 122 Miloseviˇ c’s´ arrest by, 70 Racan’s´ defeat by, 137 successor of, 80 reemergence of, 121, 137 Dordevi− c,´ Vlastimir, 90 Croatian Social Liberal Party, 124, Dubrovnik, 97 128 Eagleburger, Lawrence, 31, 32, 36 Dallaire, Romeo,´ 155 East Timor, 5n, 9, 247 Darfur conflict, 252–56 El Salvador, 42n Dayton Accords, 45, 46, 108 Elster, Jon, 22n Albright and, 53 Erdemovic,´ Drazen,ˇ 48 Kosovo crisis and, 53 Ethiopia, 174 Serbian non-compliance with, 53 ethnic cleansing, 38, 164 Dayton peace talks, 37, 43, 44, 45, 57, by Croats, 101, 103, 105, 140, 141, 103, 107 143, 147 results of, 45–46 by Serbs, 14, 31, 32, 39, 46, 91 Del Ponte, Carla, 25, 29, 58, 82, 88–90, EU. See European Union 172 European Union assessment of, 225, 239 Croatia’s candidacy for, 146, 148, 191 Barayagwiza and, 179, 222 ICC and, 253–54 Bobetko and, 135 Serbia’s candidacy for, 29, 62, 85, concessions by, 16n, 63, 84, 89, 142, 87–90, 191 148 trials of cooperation and, 10 criticisms of, 63, 66, 73, 120, 141 Turkey’s candidacy for, 146 Din− di− c´ and, 66–69, 79 dismissal of, 222 Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, 33, 63 Gotovina and, 131, 147 Croatia and, 95 ICTR and, 72 demise of, 79 importance of The Hague for, 68, 72, financial aid for, 68 87–88 Kosovo and, 54 Kigali protest march for, 216 fee-splitting scandal, of ICTR, 197 Kostunicaˇ and, 67, 83, 89 Foreign Operations Export Financing and Norac indictment and, 126, 142 Related Programs Appropriation Racanˇ and, 137 Act, 69n RPF investigations by, 152, 186, 187, French, Howard, 210 191, 192, 195, 200, 208–10, 219 FRY. See Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Sanader and, 141 Zivkoviˇ c´ and, 83 Gahima, Gerald, 25, 175, 182, 183, 217, Democratic Opposition of Serbia, 74 218 Democratic Party of Serbia, 63, 65, 82, Galbraith, Peter, 104, 108 83, 84, 91 gay pride parade, in Belgrade, 73 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-12912-1 - International Justice in Rwanda and the Balkans: Virtual Trials and the Struggle for State Cooperation Victor Peskin Index More information 266 Index genocide, 29, 42, 57, 188, 227, 235 Homeland War, 94, 105, 106, 117. See Armenian, 19 also Croatia reparations for, 16, 88 legal defense of, 140 Convention on, 16n Norac and, 125 Glenny, Misha, 80, 103 popular support for, 129 Goldstein, Ivo, 101 Racanˇ and, 120 Goldstone, Richard J., 18, 25, 30, 239 “Hour of Europe,” 254 Bagosora and, 173 Hrvatska Demokratska Zajednica. See Bosnian Croat suspects and, 106 Croatian Democratic Union Party Dayton peace talks and, 43, 44 HSLS. See Croatian Social Liberal Party ICTR and, 167 human rights abuses ICTY and, 34, 35 accountability for, 5, 23, 160, 227, Karamira and, 172, 175, 176 237, 245, 247 RPF investigations by, 190 Iraq, 21, 135, 252 Rwandan diplomacy of, 172–74 human rights advocacy, 4, 7, 9, 77 successor of, 48, 172 shaming techniques and, 10 Tudman− and, 94, 104, 105, 107, 108, truth commissions and, 22 114 Human Rights Watch, 10n, 39, 51 Gospic´ massacre, 125 Barayagwiza and, 180 Gotovina, Ante, 142 Del Ponte and, 221 arrest of, 130, 135, 138, 147 Jallow and, 228 indictment of, 131–33, 139 RPF massacres and, 192 Gourevitch, Philip, 158, 165, 193 Hussein, Saddam, 98 Gow, James, 99 Grandic,´ Stjepan, 127 Ibuka (survivor organization), 199–200 Granic,´ Mate, 111, 116 boycott by, 203–4 Gruban, Momcilo,ˇ 77 protest march by, 215–16 Guantanamo´ Bay, Cuba, 135 ICC. See International Criminal Court ICJ. See International Court of Justice Habre,´ Hissene,` 5 ICTR. See International Criminal Habyarimana, Juvenal,´ 156, 229 Tribunal for Rwanda Hagan, John, 18, 19 ICTY. See International Criminal “Hague invasion clause,” 252 Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia Haiti, 42n IMF. See International Monetary Fund Haradinaj, Ramush, 25n India, 172, 174, 251 Hariri, Rafiq, 89n Interahamwe, 216 Harun, Ahmad Mohammad, 255 International Court of Justice, 16, 88 hate speech, 184 International Criminal Court, 5, 9, 18, Hazan, Pierre, 42 24, 133, 186, 229, 243 HDZ (Hrvatska Demokratska Bush’s view of, 21 Zajednica). See Croatian Democratic establishment of, 251 Union Party European Union and, 253–54 Helsinki Watch, 105 extradition agreements and, 222 Holbrooke, Richard, 38, 43, 44 future of, 246–47, 254–57 Karadziˇ c´ and, 50 United States and, 135, 160, 252–54 October 1998 peace agreement and, International Criminal Tribunal for 57 Rwanda, 237 Vukovar Three and, 45 autonomy of, 173, 205 Holocaust, 97, 193 Barayagwiza, trial of, 184 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-12912-1 - International Justice in Rwanda and the Balkans: Virtual Trials and the Struggle for State Cooperation Victor Peskin Index More information Index 267 boycott of, 203–4 Kosovo crisis and, 57 capital punishment and, 162, 164 legitimacy of, 243–46 closing of, 226 Miloseviˇ c´ indictment and, 59 complaint to Security Council by, precursor of, 39 216–17, 218 Serbia and, 30 defense teams and, 109 state cooperation with, 4, 5, 6, 9, 11, Del Ponte and, 72, 222 151 divisions in, 14 visas for, 55 domestic politics and, 13 International Federation of Human due process violations by, 179 Rights, 228 establishment of, 5, 20–21, 151, 154, international humanitarian law, 78, 163, 158 207 failures of, 208 international law 219, 242.