EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGYENTOMOLOGY ISSN (online): 1802-8829 Eur. J. Entomol. 118: 225–239, 2021 http://www.eje.cz doi: 10.14411/eje.2021.024 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Taxonomic notes on the tribe Ectinoderini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae) from the Indochinese Peninsula ZHUO CHEN 1 , VALÉRIE A. LEMAÎTRE 2 and WANZHI CAI 1, * 1 Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China; e-mails: [email protected], [email protected] 2 Department of Life Sciences (Insects), The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, U.K.; e-mail: [email protected] Key words. Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Reduviidae, Harpactorinae, Ectinoderini, Amulius, Ectinoderus, Parapanthous, taxonomy, new synonymy, new combination, Oriental Region Abstract. The identities of two species of assassin bugs in the tribe Ectinoderini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactor- inae) from the Indochinese Peninsula are reviewed, resulting in the following new synonymy and new combinations: Amulius Stål, 1865 = Parapanthous Distant, 1919, syn. n.; Amulius spinicollis (Distant, 1919), comb. n. (transferred from Parapanthous) and Ectinoderus confragosus (Distant, 1919), comb. n. (transferred from Amulius). Lectotypes of these species are designated. The hemelytral venations of Amulius and Ectinoderus Westwood, 1843 are briefl y discussed and their diagnoses accordingly revised. Amulius is newly reported from Vietnam and Ectinoderus is recorded from Cambodia for the fi rst time. ZooBank Article Registration: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BE2F1E95-52A7-4C96-8C92-4021C3DA224C INTRODUCTION considered a tribe of Harpactorinae based on a morpho- Members of the Oriental and Pacifi c assassin bug tribe logical phylogeny of the Harpactoroid Complex (Davis, Ectinoderini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Har- 1969). Our knowledge concerning Ectinoderini is still very pactorinae) are noteworthy for applying sticky plant resins scarce due to a limitation of samples and for this reason its to their fore legs to help them catch their prey (Schuh & monophyly was not tested in two recent phylogenetic stud- Weirauch, 2020). Twenty species in two genera (Amulius ies of Reduviidae, though their conclusions provided more Stål, 1865 and Ectinoderus Westwood, 1843, each with phylogenetic context for the group (Weirauch, 2008a; ten species) belong to this tribe (Maldonado-Capriles, Zhang et al., 2016). In addition, the concept of Ectinoderini 1990). The species are robust, somewhat dorsoventrally is inconsistently applied in various works, and some (e.g., fl attened bugs, usually colourfully patterned, and can be Miller, 1956, 1971; Davis, 1969; Hsiao & Ren, 1981) also distinguished from other harpactorines by the following include the genus Parapanthous Distant, 1919 in this tribe. characters: ocelli lateral and more widely separated than All species currently included in this tribe were described eyes; labium short and straight, reaching or slightly sur- before the 1960s and most of them are only known from passing anterior margin of prosternum; pronotum strongly original descriptions that are inadequate and usually lack- expanded posteriorly, leaving apex of scutellum exposed; ing illustrations, therefore modern taxonomic revisions of prosternal groove nonstriated; fore tarsus not segmented; these species are required. membrane of hemelytron with three cells (Davis, 1969; The present study reviews the identities of Amulius Cai et al., 1994). confragosus Distant, 1919 and Parapanthous spinicollis The group based on Ectinoderus was fi rst proposed by Distant, 1919 and results in the proposal of a new gener- Stål (1859) as “Ectinoderida”. It was regarded as a distinct ic synonymy and two new combinations. Lectotypes are subfamily of Reduviidae or included in the Apiomerinae designated for the two species. A brief discussion of some (now Apiomerini of Harpactorinae), but more recently characters of the hemelytral venation which could be used * Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected] Final formatted article © Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice. An Open Access article distributed under the Creative Commons (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 225 Chen et al., Eur. J. Entomol. 118: 225–239, 2021 doi: 10.14411/eje.2021.024 as genus-level diagnostic characters is carried out, and the TAXONOMY diagnoses of Amulius and Ectinoderus are accordingly Genus Amulius Stål, 1865 modifi ed. Amulius Stål, 1 865: 99. Type species: Ectinoderus quadripunc- MATERIAL AND METHODS tatus Stål, 1859 (by subsequent monotypy: Stål, 1866: 165). Parapanthous Distant, 1919a: 211. Type species: Parapanthous Label data of type specimens are copied verbatim in quotation spinicollis Distant, 1919 (by monotypy). New subjective syno- marks (“ ”); lines on the same label are separated by a backslash nym. (\), different labels are separated by a semicolon (;), and com- Amulius: Stål, 1866: 165 (listed, type species); Stål, 1867: 245 ments on label data are provided in square brackets ([ ]); printed (diagnosis, catalogue); Walker, 1873a: 69 (in key); Stål, 1874: (pr.) and handwritten (hw.) texts are indicated. Abbreviations for 44, 45 (in key, catalogue); Lethierry & Severin, 1896: 149 depositories: BMNH – Natural History Museum, London, U.K.; (catalogue); Distant, 1904: 326, 327 (in key, redescription, CAU – Entomological Museum of China Agricultural University, distribution, fauna of India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar); Distant, Beijing, China; MZH – Finnish Museum of Natural History, Hel- 1911: 107 (listed); Roepke, 1932: 5 (list of species); Miller, sinki, Finland; OUMNH – Oxford University Museum of Natural 1938: 750 (listed, biology); China, 1940: 234 (listed, fauna of History, Oxford, U.K.; RBINS – Royal Belgian Institute of Natu- China); Miller, 1942: 55 (listed, biology); Hoffmann, 1944: ral Sciences, Brussels, Belgium. 40 (catalogue, fauna of China); Miller, 1956: 113, 114 (listed, Male genitalia were soaked in hot 20% lactic acid solution for biology); Davis, 1969: 87 (listed); Miller, 1971: 136 (listed, approximately ten minutes to remove soft tissue, rinsed in dis- biology); Hsiao & Ren, 1981: 412 (diagnosis, fauna of China); tilled water and dissected under a Motic binocular dissecting Maldonado-Capriles, 1990: 24 (catalogue); Kerzhner, 1992: 48 microscope. Dissected genitalia were placed in a vial containing (nomenclature); Schuh & Slater, 1995: 157 (listed); Putshkov glycerine and, after examination, pinned under the corresponding & Putshkov, 1996: 226 (catalogue, Palaearctic); Ambrose, specimen. 2006: 2395 (listed); Schuh & Weirauch, 2020: 354 (listed). Photographs were taken using a Canon 7D Mark II digital cam- Parapanthous: Miller, 1956: 113, 114 (listed, discussion); Davis, era with a Canon micro lens EF 100 mm and MP-E 65 mm for 1969: 87 (listed); Miller, 1971: 136 (listed, discussion); Hsiao habitus, and an Olympus BX51 microscope for dissected body & Ren, 1981: 412 (listed); Maldonado-Capriles, 1990: 252 parts. Helicon Focus version 5.3 was used for image stacking. (catalogue); Ambrose, 2006: 2399 (listed). Figures were assembled using Adobe Photoshop CC 2015. Al- though the copyright is with the Trustees of the Natural History Revised diagnosis. Amulius can be distinguished from Museum, London, photographs of BMNH specimens may be Ectinoderus by a combination of the following characters: used under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- antennal scape distinctly shorter than head, pedicel long- ShareAlike 4.0 (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) international license. Photo- est; anterolateral angles of pronotum produced into a pair graphs of specimens from other institutions remain the copyright of long, spine-like processes; hemelytron with m-cu cross of these institutions. vein connecting M and cubital cell present, cubital cell The distribution map was built using the online version of broad, pentagonal. SimpleMappr (Shorthouse, 2010). Coordinates were inferred by looking up the names of the localities on the data labels on Map- Diversity and distribution. This genus currently con- carta (https://mapcarta.com/). tains ten species, occurring throughout the Oriental Region Measurements were obtained using a calibrated micrometer. to the Malay Archipelago. One species is transferred to, Morphological terminology mainly follows Weirauch (2008a) and another one is removed from this genus, therefore the and Schuh & Weirauch (2020). The length of the head and that number of species of Amulius remains ten. of the postocular part include the collum; the visible labial seg- Remarks. Stål (1865) separated Amulius from Ecti- ments are numbered from II to IV because the fi rst segment is noderus on the basis of its considerably shorter fi rst anten- lost or fused into the head capsule in most Reduviidae (Weirauch, nal segment. He later noticed that these two genera were 2008b; Schuh et al., 2009). Table 1. Information on the species of Amulius and Ectinoderus examined in this study. * Species Specimen collection data Type status Depository A. armillatus Breddin, 1900 Indonesia: Lampung (1♂, 1♀) — RBINS A. bipustulatus Bergroth, 1913 Malaysia: Sarawak (1♀) Syntype MZH A. longiceps Stål, 1867 Indonesia: West Sumatra (1♀) — RBINS A. malayus Stål, 1867 China: Hainan (2♂) — CAU Amulius sp. Indonesia: Riau (1♂, 1♀) — RBINS A. spinicollis (Distant, 1919), comb. n. Vietnam: Son