Crescat Scientia Utah Valley State College Journal of History Y S T A E T L E L C A O V L L H E A G T E U 1 9 4 1 Volume II Spring 2004 Mailed manuscripts should be sent to: Crescat Scientia c/o Dr. Keith Snedegar, Utah Valley State College Department of History and Political Science, 800 West University Parkway, Orem Utah 84058. Call (801) 863-8487, Fax (801) 863- 7013. Crescat Scientia is an annual publication of the UVSC Department of History and Political Science. Issues are available for distribution during the Spring semester of each academic year. To obtain subscription information or to obtain back copies of Crescat Scientia contact the Editor-in-Chief, or the History Department. © 2004 Utah Valley State College Department of History and Political Science. All rights reserved. General Guidelines for Submission For students interested in submitting a manuscript for review and possi- ble publication, the following guidelines provide an overview of the requirements. For more specific information, please contact the UVSC History Department or visit the History Department’s web page. To submit a manuscript: provide a complete version of the paper, includ- ing a cover sheet, with desired alterations already made. Editors will check for spelling errors and layout problems, not for substantial revision opportunities. Submissions should be written in accordance with the Turabian style of citation. The cover sheet should have a running head, author’s name, permanent street address, email address, and a phone number. The body of your manuscript must have no markers which may identify the author (IE: name, class, professor etc). Submit a hard copy as well as one copy of the paper on disk. The disk version of your paper must be in Microsoft Word®. On a separate sheet of paper, provide a brief biographical sketch of yourself including things such as the degree you are working toward, previous degrees received, future plans (graduate school, work), awards the paper has won, other areas of personal interest, etc. Please deliver your paper, disk, and biographical information, sealed in a manilla envelope, to the History Department addressed to:“Editor-In-Chief, c/o History Department RE:Academic Journal Submission” Works submitted must be thematically concentrated in the discipline of history. Length of submissions may be anywhere between 5 and 50 pages and must not previously have been published. I Crescat Scientia UVSC Journal of History Editor-in-Chief Angela Mordecai Mickiewicz Editing Staff Assistant Editors: Courtney Burns Jacquie A. Neilson Adam Dean Smith Erik Stuart Smith Faculty Advisor Dr. Keith Snedegar, History Department Chair Published Annually for the Utah Valley State College Department of History and Political Science Office of the Editor-in-Chief Utah Valley State College, Department of History and Political Science, 800 West University Parkway, MS 185, Orem, Utah 84058. Phone: (801) 863-8487. Fax: (801) 863-7013. II Y S T A E T L E L C A O V L L H E A G T E U 1 9 4 1 Dear Reader, I invite you to explore the pages of the Utah Valley State College Journal of History.This journal testifies to the true genius of UVSC, a spirit not ema- nating so much from the dry wisdom of professors and not embodied so much by the institutional architecture of the place, but a spirit galvanized by first explorations and personified by skeptical classroom audiences--that is to say this genius exists within the student writers and editors them- selves. As faculty advisor these past two years, I have had exceedingly little to do with the creation and maintenance of the UVSC Journal of History. I say this not to distance myself from the inevitable typo or historical error con- tained herein, but to give credit where it is plainly due. Two of our most accomplished students, Jacob Sommer and Thom Mesaros, invented the Journal and oversaw its first volume.Theirs was quite a notable achieve- ment.This year Angela Mickiewicz has presided with single-handed hero- ism over volume two. I note with some satisfaction that the second issue is more historically abundant than the first. Well done,Angela! Join me in congratulating Angela, her editorial assistants, and especially the student authors, on the publication of Crescat Scientia,Volume II. Their genius is coming into its own. With sincere regards, Keith Snedegar IV Y S T A E T L E L C A O V L L H E A G T E U 1 9 4 1 Acknowledgments This journal would not have been published without three main peo- ple. Kathren Brown offered advice while pushing her students for journal submissions. Laura Coffman-Jones allowed us to impose on her countless times. The editorial staff used her space, time, and advice. Most important- ly, Keith Snedegar,The Department Chair of History and Political Science offered knowledge, advice, and the financial support for the journal. Thanks are also given to the staff and faculty of the History and Political Science Department who announced and encouraged journal sub- missions. The last thank you goes to the students who submitted papers, whether those papers were accepted or not. All the submissions are appreciated and I encourage all students to keep submitting paper. Thank you. VI Y S T A E T L E L C A O V L L H E A G T E U 1 9 4 1 Crescat Scientia UVSC Journal of History VOLUME 2 SPRING 2004 CONTENTS Editors Note . .Angela Mickiewicz 1 The Vital Role of Soviet Industrialization In the Defeat of Nazi Germany . .Michael Difabio 3 Bedroom Behavior:The Emerging Sexuality of the Roman Woman (200 B.C.E.- C.E. 250) . .Michelle De la Cerda 25 Bui Doi:The Dust of Life . .Erica Beus 39 Conspiracy, Murder, and Cover-up: The Mountain Meadows Massacre . .Arthur A. Hatfield 47 The Bill of Rights:A Popular Victory for Liberalism in the American Founding . .Ryan Vogel 55 Implications of Gracchi Violence in the Roman Republic . .Shannon Drage 69 Mutilation of History: How Those Who Deny the Holocaust Malign a People and a Profession . .Amber Frampton 83 Rethinking Mormon Polygamy: A Different Perspective . .Breton Friel 91 The Historiography of India . .Brittany A. Lassetter 109 BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES Staff . .121 Authors . .124 VIII Y S T A E T L E L C A O V L L H E A G T E U 1 9 4 1 Editor Notes 1 Time present and time past Are both perhaps present in time future, History may be servitude, And time future contained in time past.1 History may be freedom.2 —Four Quartets,T.S.Eliot Historical events along with present events shape and guide what hap- pens in the future. There is a hope among most historians that in studying the past, writing about it, and creating awareness, events in the future can be improved. One often hears,“History repeats itself.”With the time that passes, one might think history is in the past and has no relevance today but if history repeats itself that is because people don’t follow the lessons of the past. History permeates thoughts and actions; guiding, influencing, and shaping everything we do. Last years Editor’s Note tells us the title of this journal, Crescat Scientia, means ‘may knowledge increase.’ One of the purposes of this journal is to allow students an outlet to contribute insight, discernment, and understanding, for everyone’s benefit. Hopefully this journal will pro- vide knowledge and an understanding of the past that can help improve the future. My hope for this journal, now and in the future, is to give stu- dents at UVSC an outlet to gain a better resume, for whatever future plans they might have. I know students write many research papers, sometimes many different ones in the same semester, and the research ends with turn- ing the paper into a professor. I say use your papers. Submit papers to journals, to conferences, and to anything else that gives you the opportuni- ty. Gain an edge in the competitive market facing you as you go into grad- uate school or the work force. “The future belongs to those who prepare for it” 3 for,“He who is not ready today will be less so tomorrow.” 4 Angela Mickiewicz Editor-in-Chief 1 T.S.Eliot. Four Quartets. San Diego: Harcourt, 1943: 55. 2 Ibid., 13. 3 Ralph Waldo Emerson. Richard Evans’ Quote Book. Ed. Richard L. Evans. Salt Lake City: Publishers Press, 1971: 69. 4 Ovid. Richard Evans’ Quote Book. Ed. Richard L. Evans. Salt Lake City: Publishers Press, 1971: 61. Y S T A E T L E L C A O V L L H E A G T E U 1 9 4 1 The Vital Role of Soviet Industrialization In the Defeat of Nazi Germany By: Michael Difabio Introduction On June 22, 1941, buoyed by two years of success, Hitler turned his tanks to the east against the Soviet Union. The invasion, code-named Operation Barbarossa, would attempt to secure the fertile soil and bounti- ful resources of the Western USSR; including the Ukraine, the Donets Basin, the Caucus oil fields, Leningrad and Moscow.1 If successful, Hitler believed, Germany would finally rise to the status of the respected and feared continental power that he had envisioned.2 In short, Barbarossa was an attempt to fulfill a sort of pan-Germanic “manifest destiny,”an idea that dated back to the nineteenth century when optimistic German farm- ers sought out new land and established colonies in parts of the Ukraine.