NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY Taiwan Studies Project INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Climate Change and Sustainability Management in Vietnam and Taiwan ICCSM-2020 Hanoi, 28th October 2020 LABOUR - SOCIAL PUBLISHING HOUSE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Climate Change and Sustainability Management in Vietnam and Taiwan ICCSM-2020 Steering Committee 1. Tran Tho Dat (Prof., PhD), Head of Steering Committee 2. Bui Duc Tho (Assoc. Prof., PhD), Deputy Head of Steering Committee 3. Dinh Duc Truong (Assoc. Prof., PhD), Member Organizing Committee 1. Bui Duc Tho (Assoc. Prof., PhD), Head of Organizing Committee 2. Dinh Duc Truong (Assoc. Prof., PhD), Deputy Head of Organizing Committee 3. Vu Thi Hoai Thu (Assoc. Prof., PhD), Member 4. Pham Thi Bich Chi (Assoc. Prof., PhD), Member 5. Trinh Mai Van (PhD), Member 6. Pham Sy Long (MA), Member 7. Bui Duc Dung (MA), Member 8. Vu Trong Nghia (PhD), Member 9. Nguyen Cong Thanh (PhD), Member 10. Nguyen Dieu Hang (PhD, Member 11. Nguyen Linh Dan (PhD), Member 12. Nguyen Thuy Linh (MSc), Member 13. Tran Ngoc Thuy (MA), Member 14. Bui Huy Hoan (BA), Member Editorial Board 1. Vu Thi Hoai Thu (Assoc. Prof., PhD), Head of Editorial Board 2. Nguyen Cong Thanh (PhD), Deputy Head of Editorial Board 3. Nguyen Dieu Hang (PhD), Member 4. Nguyen Linh Dan (PhD), Member 5. Nguyen Thuy Linh (MSc), Member No. Topic/Authors Page PART I: CLIMATE CHANGE ICCSM-01 The Relationship between Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Energy 1 Consumption, Economic Growth, and Urbanization in Vietnam Nguyen Anh Tru ICCSM-02 Ethnic Minority Farmers’ Perception of Climate Change: Some 13 Insights from the Mountainous Area in Viet Nam Nguyen The Manh, Mokbul Morshed Ahmad ICCSM-03 Livelihood Adaptation to Climate Change in the Coastal Zones of 30 Vietnamese Mekong Delta: Case study in Ben Tre province Duong Truong Phuc ICCSM-04 Potential Effects of Climate Change on Food Security in Quang Binh 39 Province Nguyen Tien Thanh, Le Phuong Dung ICCSM-05 Assessment of Flood Vulnerability Index in Vinh Long Province 47 Nguyen Thuy Linh, Nguyen Thi Thu ICCSM-06 The Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture and Solutions to 56 Enhance Adaptive Capacity in Quang Binh Province Duong Thi Mai Thuong ICCSM-07 Climate Change and Sustainable Agriculture Development in Mekong 66 Delta Tran Le Vinh, Nguyen Thi Mai Hanh ICCSM-08 Climate Change and Sustainable Land Management Issues in Vietnam 74 Pham Phuong Nam, Phan Thi Thanh Huyen ICCSM-09 Climate Change Adaptation Pathways for Local Ethnic Minority 84 Communities in the Central Highlands of Vietnam: Comprehensive Solutions to Enhance Adaptive Capacity and Sustainable Development Ngo Quang Son, Vu Thi Thanh Minh, Nguyen Thi Thuy Phuong, Le Thi Nhu Quynh, Le Thi Luong, Tran Tien Hien i No. Topic/Authors Page ICCSM-10 Adaptation of the Ethnic Minority Communities with Natural 101 Environment and Climate Change in the Northeast Mountainous Region of Vietnam Duong Quynh Phuong, Nghiem Van Long, Nguyen Phuong Anh ICCSM-11 Impacts of Climate Change on Socio-economic Development in Vietnam 114 Le Thi Thanh Ha ICCSM-12 Climate Change and Food Security in Vietnam 121 Dinh Thien Duc, Tran Thi Duong Ngan ICCSM-13 The Application of Credit Policy on Sustainable Development of 128 Marine Economy and Environmental Protection in the context of Climate Change in Vietnam Nguyen Dac Hung ICCSM-14 The Status of Urbanization, Climate Change and Policy Implications 136 for Sustainable Urban Development in Vietnam Le Thu Giang ICCSM-15 Legal Policy of Raising Awareness, Education and Training on 145 Climate Change Nguyen Thi Thuy Linh, Nguyen Thanh Tung PART II: SUSTAINABILITY MANAGEMENT ICCSM-16 Using Fuzzy Topsis Method for Assessing the Sustainable Agriculture 157 Chia-Nan Wang, Duy Hung Duong, Thi Dieu Huong Duong, Hector Tibo ICCSM-17 Modelling the Dynamic Impact of Environmental Protection 168 Expenditure on Economic Growth in Taiwan Nguyen Thanh Tham ICCSM-18 The Impact of Land Use Rights Policies on Agricultural Production in 188 Vietnam Phung Minh Duc, Lam Van Son, Nguyen Van Truong ICCSM-19 Research on Causes of Urban Sprawl and Solutions towards 195 Sustainable Urban Development: Case Study in Central Highlands of Vietnam Nguyen Ninh Hai, Nguyen Minh Ky, Le Minh Son, Nguyen Thi Lan Thuong, Nguyen Thi Thai Ha, Nguyen Tuan Anh ii No. Topic/Authors Page ICCSM-20 Market-Based Instruments to Promote Sustainable Energy and Policy 209 Implications for Vietnam Vu Thi Hoai Thu ICCSM-21 Factors Influencing the Consumer’s Intention to Buy Safe Vegetables 218 Luu Thi Phuong Anh, Dinh Ha Linh, Vu Huyen Trang, Nguyen Dieu Hang ICCSM-22 Factors Influencing Green Housing Purchase Intention in Hanoi City, 227 Vietnam Pham Kieu Loan, Nguyen Minh Phuc, Pham Mai Khanh, Nguyen Thanh Lan ICCSM-23 Economic Valuation from Direct Use of Mangrove at U Minh Ha 244 National Park, Vietnam Nguyen Huu Dung ICCSM-24 An Overview of the Key Factors on Changing Local Awareness on 254 Biogas Adoption and Policy Implications – Opportunities and Challenges for Biogas Development in Vietnam Le Thi Thoa, Do Thu Nga, Dinh Duc Truong, Pham Ngoc Bao, Khanitchaidecha Wilawan ICCSM-25 Circular Economy Approach in Livestock Waste Management in Ba 267 Vi District, Hanoi Vo Huu Cong, Tran Duc Vien, Ho Thi Thuy Hang, Pham Minh Hen, Nguyen Hong Hanh, Nguyen Duc Luong, Tran Dang Anh ICCSM-26 Sustainable Marketing Concept: Framework and Application for 275 Business Sustainable Development in Vietnam Tran Thuy Nhung ICCSM-27 A Review of Green Taxes – Experiences and Lessons Learned for 288 Vietnam Nguyen Thi Thuy Duong ICCSM-28 The Economic Integration Process of Vietnam: Achievements, 296 Limitations and Vision toward 2030 Nguyen Thi Thanh Hieu, Nghiem Thi Chau Giang, Le Thi Thuy ICCSM-29 Attracting the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in High Technology 307 Farming towards Green Growth in Vietnam Nguyen Le Dinh Quy, Vo Luu Gia Huy, Ho Tuan Vu ICCSM-30 Digital Economy and Its Impacts on Vietnam’s Economy and 317 Productivity Dam Lan Nhi iii No. Topic/Authors Page ICCSM-31 Digital Transformation: Opportunities and Challenges for Vietnamese 328 Enterprises Vu Hung Hai ICCSM-32 The Process of Crop Restructures: Case Study in Ly Trach Commune, 340 Bo Trach District, Quang Binh Province Mai Thanh Son, Mai Thi Khanh Van ICCSM-33 Sustainable Use of Sloping Land Resources for Agricultural and 350 Forestry Development in Thai Nguyen Province Le Thi Nguyet, Do Van Hao ICCSM-34 Solutions for Sustainable Agriculture Development in Thai Nguyen 358 Province Hoang Thi Tra Mi, Le Thi Nguyet ICCSM-35 Strategic Orientation of Tourism Sustainable Development: Case 367 Study of Ponagar Cham Towers, Nha Trang Le Thi Kim Lien, Mai Thi Khanh Van, Nguyen Thi Hang Phuong, Quan Ba Chinh, Nguyen Thi Mai ICCSM-36 Poverty Alleviation in Thai Nguyen Province during the 2010s: 376 Achievements and Recommendations Hoang Thi My Hanh ICCSM-37 Assurance of Equality in Education for Ethnic Minority Communities 385 in Vietnam Truong Tat Thinh ICCSM-38 The Role of Small Traders at International Market in Sustaining the 392 Environmental Protection in Vietnam Le Quang Can, Nguyen Thanh Duong, Hoang Thi Thanh Nga ICCSM-39 Sustainable Environmental Management in New Rural Construction 404 in Dai Tu district Thai Nguyen Province Nguyen Thi Que Loan, Tran Thi Hoai Linh ICCSM-40 The Requirements and Development Orientation for the Military 413 Schools in Vietnam in the Fourth Industrial Revolution Context Nguyen Trong Luat iv PART I CLIMATE CHANGE The Relationship between Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, and Urbanization in Vietnam Nguyen Anh Tru Faculty of Accounting and Business Management, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Ha Noi Email: [email protected] Abstract The article aims to examine the causal relationship between CO2 emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, and urbanization in Vietnam between 1983 and 2017 using the VECM. In the short run, there is an evidence to found that energy consumption and GDP have positive relationships with CO2 emissions. Results also indicated that CO2 emissions and energy consumption positively affect GDP in the short run. We found that urban population has a negative relationship with GDP. Results of the Johansen co-integration test address that CO2 emissions, energy consumption, GDP, and urban population have relationships in the long run. In the long run, GDP per capita has a negative relationship with CO2 emissions, while urban population has a positive impact on CO2 emissions. Finally, policies are recommended to enhance economic growth and achieve sustainable development in Vietnam. Keywords: Carbon dioxide, economic growth, energy consumption, urbanization 1. Introduction The theme on the relationship between carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, and urbanization has been strongly debated by scholars in the world. CO2 can be defined as a key source leading to the global warming since it releases more than 50 percent of greenhouse gas in the global (Nguyen, 2012). Due to rapid economic growth, the expansion of demand for energy, especially in the fossil fuel, has been a result of environmental degradation problems such as pollution (Al-Mulali et al., 2015). According to the 2nd ASEAN Energy Demand Outlook (2009), energy consumption in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) will rise 3.9 percent annually from 343 MTOE in 2005 to 901 MTOE in 2030 with the rapid growth of transportation sector by 5.1 percent annually, corresponding to an equivalent growth in CO2 emissions (GFEI, 2010). By 2017, Southeast Asia has been recorded to account for 8 percent of global energy demand growth (International Energy Agency, 2018). By 2010, five countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam accounted for about 90 percent of greenhouse gas emissions in Southeast Asia (ADB, 2015). Due to a rapid increase in energy consumption and heavy dependence on fossil fuels, greenhouse gas emissions of Vietnam reached 177 tons of CO2 equivalent in 2005 and it has been predicted to rise tripled by 2030 (World Bank, 2011).