Diploma Lecture Series 2013 Revolution to Romanticism: European Art and Culture 1750-1850 Romanticism and the portrait Dr Christopher Allen 23/24 October 2013 Lecture summary: It would be tempting, but facile, to contrast the spontaneity, energy and individuality of the Romantic portrait with the artificiality and formality of earlier ones. In reality portraits have reflected or embodied complex and subtle ideas of what makes an individual from the time of the rediscovery of the art in the Renaissance. But how portraits are painted changes in step with evolving conceptions of what constitutes our character, of how character relates to social role, and how individuals interact with their fellows. In other words, an understanding of the history of portraiture really requires some appreciation of the physiological, psychological, epistemological and even political beliefs of the relevant periods. Thus Renaissance portraiture rests fundamentally on the humoral theory of physiology and psychology, eighteenth century portraits reflect the interest in empiricist psychology, and romantic portraits embody a new sense of the individual as a dynamic and often solitary agent in the worlds of nature and of human history. Slide list: Hyacinthe Rigaud, Portrait of Philippe de Courcillon, Marquis de Dangeau, 1702, oil on canvas, 162 x 150 cm, Versailles, Musée National du Chateau Eugène Delacroix, Frédéric Chopin, 1838; oil on canvas, 45.7 x 37.5 cm; Paris, Louvre Hyacinthe Rigaud, Portrait of Everhard Jabach, 1688, oil on canvas, 58.5 x 47 cm; Cologne, Wallraff-Richartz Museum Ingres, Portrait of Monsieur Bertin, 1832, oil on canvas, 116 x 95 cm; Paris, Louvre Leonardo da Vinci, Presumed self-portrait at about 29 from the unfinished Adoration of the Magi c. 1481, Florence, Uffizi Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, Self-portrait, 1835, graphite on paper; Paris, Louvre Antonio del Pollaiuolo, Portrait of a young woman, c. 1475, tempera on panel, 55 x 34 cm, Florence, Uffiizi Raphael, Pope Leo X with Cardinals Giulio de’ Medici and Luigi de’ Rossi, 1518-19, oil on wood, 154 x 119 cm, Florence, Uffizi Nicolas de Largillière, Portrait of Charles Le Brun, 1683-86, oil on canvas, 232 x 187 cm, Paris, Louvre Proudly sponsored by Albrecht Durer, Four Apostles, 1526, oil on panel, Munich, Alte Pinakothek Parmigianino, Self-portrait in a convex mirror, c. 1524, oil on wood, diameter 24.4 cm, Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum Sir Peter Paul Rubens, The Straw Hat, c. 1625, oil on wood, 79 x 55 cm, London, National Gallery Sir Peter Paul Rubens, The Fur ("Het Pelsken"), 1630s, oil on wood, 176 x 83 cm, Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum Sir Anthony van Dyck, Self-Portrait, 1622-23, oil on canvas, 117 x 94 cm, St Petersburg, Hermitage Sir Anthony van Dyck, Portrait of Duquesnoy, 1627-29, oil on canvas, 77.5 x 61 cm, Brussels, Musées Royaux des Beaux-Arts Sir Anthony van Dyck (1599-1641), Cardinal Bentivoglio, 1622-23, oil on canvas, Florence, Pitti Palace Caravaggio, Self-portrait as Medusa, 1598-99, oil on canvas, 60 x 55 cm, Florence, Uffizi Caravaggio, David with the head of Goliath, 1609-10, oil on canvas, 125 x 101 cm, Rome, Galleria Borghese Gian Lorenzo Bernini , Self-portrait, c. 1623, oil on canvas, Rome, Galleria Borghese Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Costanza Bonarelli, c. 1635, marble, 70 cm, Florence, Bargello Rembrandt van Rijn, Self-portrait, 1629, oil on panel, 15.5 x 12.5 cm, Munich, Alte Pinakothek Rembrandt van Rijn, Self-portrait with Lace Collar, c. 1629, oil on canvas, 38 x 29 cm, The Hague, Mauritshuis Rembrandt van Rijn, Self-portrait, 1640, oil on canvas, 102 x 80 cm, London, National Gallery Rembrandt van Rijn, Self-portrait, 1659, oil on canvas, 84.5 x 66 cm, Washington, National Gallery of Art William Hogarth, The Painter and his Pug, 1745, oil on canvas, 90 x 70 cm, London, Tate Gallery * Louis-Michel van Loo, Denis Diderot, 1767, oil on canvas, 81 x 65 cm, Paris, Louvre Maurice Quentin de La Tour, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 1753, Pastel, 47 x 38 cm, Geneva, Musée d’Art et d’Histoire Maurice Quentin de La Tour, Portrait of Jean Le Rond d’Alembert, 1753, Pastel on blue paper, 56 x 46 cm, Paris, Louvre Maurice Quentin de La Tour, Self-portrait, 1751; pastel on paper, 65 x 53 cm; Amiens, Musee de Picardie Maurice Quentin de La Tour, Self-portrait, 1776; pastel on blue paper, 60 x 51 cm; Paris, Louvre Sir Joshua Reynolds, Self-portrait, 1747-48; oil on canvas; London, National Portrait Gallery Jacques-Louis David, Portrait of Doctor Alphonse Leroy, 1783 Oil on canvas, 72 x 91 cm, Montpellier, Musée Fabre Jacques-Louis David, Portrait of General Bonaparte, 1797, oil on canvas, 81 x 65 cm; Paris, Louvre Jacques-Louis David, Napoleon at the St Bernard Pass, 1801 Oil on canvas, 246 x 231 cm; Vienna, Belvedere Théodore Géricault, An Officer of the Chasseurs commanding a charge, 1812, oil on canvas, 349 x 266 cm, Paris, Louvre Théodore Géricault, Wounded officer of the Imperial Guard leaving the battlefield, 1814, oil on canvas, 358 x 294 cm, Paris, Louvre Jacques-Louis David, Self-portrait, 1794, oil on canvas, 81 x 64 cm; Paris, Louvre * Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, Portrait of Francois-Marius Granet, 1809, oil on canvas, 75 x 63 cm, Aix-en-Provence, Musée Granet Gustave Courbet (1819-1877), Self-portrait with black dog, 1842, oil on canvas, 27 x 33 cm; Pontarlier, Musée de Pon Gustave Courbet, Self-portrait with a black dog, 1842-44, oil on canvas, 46 x 56 cm; Paris, Musée du Petit Palais Gustave Courbet, Self-portrait (the desperate man), 1843-45; Private Collection Gustave Courbet, The Wounded man, 1844-54, oil on canvas, 81.5 x 97.5 cm; Paris, Musée d’Orsay Gustave Courbet, Self-portrait (Man with a pipe), 1845-49, oil on canvas, 45 x 37 cm; Montpellier, Musée Fabre * Gustave Courbet , Self-portrait (man with leather belt), 1845-46, oil on canvas, 100 x 82 c Paris, Louvre Gustave Courbet, Bonjour Monsieur Courbet, 1854, oil on canvas, 129 x 149 cm, Montpellier, Musée Fabre Gustave Courbet, The Studio of the Painter, 1855, oil on canvas, 359 x 598 cm, Paris, Musée d’Orsay Gustave Courbet, The Sea at Palavas, 1854,oil on canvas, 27 x 46 cm, Montpellier, Musée Fabre Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein, Goethe in the Roman Campagna, 1786, oil on canvas, 164 x 206 cm, Frankfurt, Staedel Eugène Delacroix, Portrait of Louis-Auguste Schwiter, 1826-27, oil on canvas, 218 x 144 cm, London, National Gallery * Théodore Chassériau, Reverend Father Dominique Lacordaire, 1840, il on canvas, 146 x 107 cm, Paris, Louvre Gustave Courbet, Portrait of Charles Baudelaire, c. 1848, oil on canvas, 54 x 65 cm, Montpellier, Musée Fabre * Théodore Géricault, Man with delusions of military command, 1819-22, oil on canvas, 81 x 65 cm, Private Collection Théodore Géricault, A madwoman and compulsive gambler, c. 1822, oil on canvas, 77 x 65 cm Paris, Louvre Théodore Géricault, Portrait of a kleptomaniac, c.1820; oil on canvas, 61.2 x 50.2 cm, Ghent, Museum voor Schone Kunsten Eugène Delacroix, A Mad woman, c. 1822, oil on canvas, 41 x 33 cm, Orléans, Musée des Beaux- Arts Eugène Delacroix, Mademoiselle Rose, 1817-20, oil on canvas, 81 x 65 cm, Paris, Louvre Eugène Delacroix, Self-portrait as Ravenswood, c. 1821, oil on canvas, 41 x 32 cm, Paris, Musée Delacroix Eugène Delacroix, Self-Portrait, 1837, oil on canvas, 65 x 54.5 cm, Paris, Louvre Eugène Manet, Portrait of Emile Zola, 1868, oil on canvas, 146 x 114 , Paris, Musée d’Orsay Henri de Fantin-Latour, Hommage à Delacroix, 1864, oil on canvas, 160 x 250 cm; Paris, Musée d’Orsay Reference: Annthony Bond and Joanna Woodall. Self-Portrait. London, National Portrait Gallery, 2005 Kenneth Clark. The Romantic Rebellion: Romantic versus Classic Art. London, 1973 Mario Praz. The Romantic Agony. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1954 William Vaughan. Romantic Art. London, Thames & Hudson, 1978 Images: Louis-Michel van Loo, Denis Diderot, 1767. Oil on canvas, 81 x 65 cm, Paris, Louvre Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, Portrait of Francois-Marius Granet, 1809. Oil on canvas, 75 x 63 cm, Aix-en-Provence, Musée Granet Gustave Courbet, Self-portrait (man with leather belt), 1845-46. Oil on canvas, 100 x 82 cm, Paris, Louvre Théodore Chassériau, Reverend Father Dominique Lacordaire, 1840, Oil on canvas, 146 x 107 cm Paris, Louvre Théodore Géricault, Man with delusions of military command, 1819-22, Oil on canvas, 81 x 65 cm Private Collection .