Global Security in the Age of Hacking and Information Warfare: Is Democracy at Stake? proceedings of the 34th international workshop on global security Mrs. Florence Parly Minister for the Armed Forces and Workshop Patron Lieutenant General Bernard de Courrèges d’Ustou Director, Institut des hautes études de défense nationale Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon Workshop Chairman and Founder Anne D. Baylon, LL.B., M.A. Editor Cover image Hôtel National des Invalides, Paris Published by Center for Strategic Decision Research | Strategic Decisions Press 2456 Sharon Oaks Drive, Menlo Park, California 94025 USA www.csdr.org Anne D. Baylon, LL.B., M.A., Editor | [email protected] Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon, Chairman | [email protected] Photography by Matteo Pellegrinuzzi | [email protected] International Standard Book Number: 1-890664-24-3 © 2017, 2018 Center for Strategic Decision Research Workshop Proceedings Anne D. Baylon, LL.B., M.A. Editor workshop Patron Mrs. Florence Parly Minister for the Armed Forces Theme Global Security in the Age of Hacking and Information Warfare Is Democracy at Stake? Workshop Chairman & Founder Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon Co-Director, Center for Strategic Decision Research Presented by Center for Strategic Decision Research (CSDR) and Institut des hautes études de défense nationale (IHEDN) within the French Prime Minister’s organization, including the Castex Chair of Cyber Security Principal Sponsors French Ministry of Defense United States Department of Defense Office of the Director of Net Assessment North Atlantic Treaty Organization Public Diplomacy Cisco Systems Major Sponsors Fujitsu · McAfee · Area SpA · MITRE · CISQ Associate Sponsors NCI Agency · AXA The 34th International Workshop on Global Security is presented by the Center for Strategic Decision Research (CSDR) and the Institut des hautes études de défense nationale (IHEDN), with the sponsorship of the following governments and organizations: MINISTÈRE UNITED STATES DE LA DÉFENSE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Net Assessment Center for Strategic Decision Research major sponsors ASSOCIATE sponsors acknowledgements of past host and sponsoring governments Czech Republic Kingdom of the Netherlands Ministry of Defense of France Kingdom of Denmark Kingdom of Norway Ministry of Defense of Italy Federal Republic of Germany Republic of Poland Ministry of Defense of Turkey Republic of Greece Republic of Portugal Canadian Armed Forces Republic of Hungary Ministry of Defense of Austria Russian Ministry of Industry, Science, and Technology Patron of the 34th International Workshop Mrs. Florence Parly Minister of the Armies Table of Contents Lieutenant General Bernard de Courrèges d’Ustou Director, Institut des hautes études de défense nationale 3 Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon, Workshop Chairman and Founder 4 Mr. Mounir Mahjoubi Minister of State for the Digital Sector, attached to the Prime Minister 13 Ambassador Tacan Ildem NATO Assistant Secretary General for Public Diplomacy 16 General Olivier Bonnet de Paillerets Cybercommander, French Ministry of the Armed Forces English 19 French 23 Ambassador David Martinon Ambassador for Digital Affairs, French Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs 28 i Mr. Conrad Prince U.K. Cyber Security Ambassador, Defence and Security Organisation 31 Mr. Karsten Geier Head, Cyber Policy Coordination Staff, General Federal Foreign Office 35 Mr. Chris Painter Former Coordinator for Cyber Issues, U.S. Department of State 39 Ms. Paula Walsh Head of Cyber Policy, National Security Directorate, U.K. Foreign & Commonwealth Office 42 Ms. Merle Maigre Director, NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (CCD COE) 45 Mr. Xavier Carton Deputy Director of Information Systems, RTE (Réseau de Transport d’Electricité) 49 The Lord Harris of Haringey House of Lords, United Kingdom 52 Ambassador Fatih Ceylan Permanent Representative of Turkey to NATO 55 Ambassador Luis de Almeida Sampaio Permanent Representative of Portugal to NATO 59 General of the Army (Gendarmerie) Marc Watin-Augouard Former Inspector General of the Armies (Gendarmerie) English 61 French 65 Mr. Ioan Mircea Pascu Vice President of the European Parliament; Former Minister of Defense of Romania 69 Dr. Frederick Douzet Castex Chair of Cyber Strategy, Institut des hautes études de défense nationale (IHEDN) 71 Ambassador Jiří Šedivý Permanent Representative of the Czech Republic to NATO, Former Minister of Defense of the Czech Republic 74 Mr. Anthony Grieco Chief Trust Strategy Officer, Cisco 76 ii Dr. Jamie Shea NATO Deputy Assistant Secretary General for Emerging Security Challenges 82 Mr. Jānis Sārts Director, NATO Strategic Communications (StratCom) Center of Excellence 85 Dr. Linton Wells II Advisor, Georgia Tech Research Institute Former U.S. Assistant Secretary of Defense (Acting) and Chief Information Officer 88 Mr. Bret Hartman Vice President and chief Technology Officer, Cisco 91 Mr. Emmanuel Germain Deputy Director General, ANSSI (French National Cyber Security Agency) 94 Dr. Steve Purser Head of Core Operation Department, European Union Agency for Network and Information Security (ENISA) 96 Mr. Paul Camille Bentz Director of Government and Industry Programs, Consortium for IT Software Quality (CISQ) 99 The Rt Hon. the Lord Browne of Ladyton House of Lords, United Kingdom; Former Secretary of State for Defence Vice Chairman, Nuclear Threat Initiative 101 Ambassador Michael Zilmer-Johns Permanent Representative of Denmark to NAT0 106 Mr. Kevin J. Scheid General Manager, NATO Communications and Information Agency (NCIA) 110 Major General (ret.) Tatsuhiro Tanaka Research Principal, National Security Laboratory, Fujitsu System Integration Laboratories, Ltd. 113 Ms. Flora Garcia, Esq., CISSP, CIPP/US, CIPP/IT, FIP Senior Privacy and Security Attorney, McAfee 116 Ms. Patricia Murphy Vice President, Southern Europe, McAfee 120 Mr. Philip Stupak Director of Cyber Security and Information Systems, Clark Street Associates 121 iii Mr. Daniel Bagge Director, Cyber Security Policies, Czech National Cyber and Information Security Agency 124 Ms. Lori Scherer Vice President for Intelligence Portfolios, The MITRE Corporation 127 Mr. Marco Braccioli Senior Vice President, Area SpA 128 Mr. Maurice Cashman Chief Strategist, McAfee 130 Ms. Caroline Baylon Information Security Research Lead, AXA; Advisor, Center for Strategic Decision Research 132 Mr. Don Proctor Former Senior Vice President, Cisco 136 Ingénieur général Jean-Christophe Cardamone Deputy Director, Institut des hautes etudes de defense nationale (IHEDN) 139 iv Welcoming Remarks Lieutenant General Bernard de Courrèges d’Ustou Director, Institut des hautes études de défense nationale Excellencies, Mr. Chairman, Dear Roger, fellow officers, and ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to this grand salon of the Hôtel National des Invalides, one of our greatest historical monuments in the center of Paris. As the Director of IHEDN, the Institute for Higher Defense Studies, and also as Director of Advanced Military Education, I am very pleased to welcome this International Workshop on Global Security for the eighth time in Paris, and here for the fourth time, and under the patronage of the Minister of the French Armed Forces, Mrs. Florence Parly. IHEDN is an inter-ministerial and inter-departmental institute, which conducts 60 seminars or sessions each year and educates 2,200 attendees, who are civilian and military leaders, on defense and security issues at international, national and regional levels. It is particularly dedicated to European and national affairs. IHEDN is also honored to participate in the organization of this workshop in close cooperation with the Center for Strategic Decision Research. We have been accustomed to listening to several invited addresses at the beginning of these workshops and, in a few minutes, we will listen to Ambassador Tacan Ildem, NATO Assistant Secretary General for Public Diplomacy, and General Olivier Bonnet de Paillerets, Cybercommander of the French Ministry of the Armed Forces. But, first, I have the pleasure and honor to present Mounir Mahjoubi, who is the Secretary of State in Charge of Digital Affairs. In 2016, Mr. Mahjoubi was President of the Conseil National du Numérique1 (the French Digital Council) and at the beginning of the year he joined the team of Mr. Emmanuel Macron in charge of digital issues for the Presidential Campaign. In May, he was named as the Secretary of State in Charge of Digital Affairs. Mr. Minister, we are very pleased and proud to welcome you. Monsieur le Ministre, je vous cède respectueusement la parole. 1 The Conseil National du Numérique is an independent advisory commission. The Council issues independent opinions and recommendations on any question relating to the impact of digital technologies on economy and society. The government can consult the Council on new legislation or draft regulations. 3 Workshop Findings and Recommendations Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon, Workshop Chairman and Founder “I expect the Russians to meddle in the upcoming European parliament elections in spring 2019…and do all that they can" to intervene in the next 20 NATO and EU elections before 2020.2 - Anders Fogh Rasmussen, former Secretary General of NATO The 34th International Workshop on Global Security was held in Paris in December 2017, with the Patronage of the French Minister of the Armed Forces. It was presented in partnership with the French Institute for Higher Defense Studies (IHEDN), within the Prime Minister’s organization, as well as the NATO Public Diplomacy Division,