Diets Decoded See through the noise surrounding the latest nutrition trends Claire Walsh, MS, RDN, CHC www.clarifiednutrition.com Agenda 1. A little about the diet industry 2. Overview of some popular diets 3. PKD nutrition recommendations 4. What to ask your doctor about nutrition 5. My favorite resources 6. Q&A “Dieting” in the USA • Weight loss industry worth $64 Billion in 2014 • “diet” yields 1.24 Billion google hits • The number of bariatric surgeries have increased by 10% in the last decade • Every year has an “it” diet Fad Diets Decoded Vegan Diet- What is it? • Eating pattern completely excluding animal products • Popularized by documentaries, health coaches, and celebrities Vegan Diet: Pros and Cons Pros Cons • Can be high in K+ • Very restrictive • Can be rich in fruits and • Many micronutrient holes: veggies B12, choline, zinc, omega-3 • Might be lower in renal acid fats, iron load • Can be high in processed foods Intermittent Fasting- What is it? • Restricted “eating window” vs. alternate day fasting • Sometimes calorie-restricted, sometimes not • Popular among “life hackers” Intermittent Fasting: Pros and Cons Pros Cons • Significant research • Definitely not for everyone supporting benefits for SOME • No guidance on making better populations food choices • Autophagy • Can help people eat fewer calories Ketogenic Diet- What is it? • High-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate • Used to treat epilepsy • Forces your body to burn ketones instead of glucose • Very trendy! Ketogenic Diet: Pros and Cons Pros Cons • Can help some with blood • “Keto flu” sugar control • Very limited food choices • Can help control epilepsy • Often leads people to make • Some research shows other very poor nutrition choices benefits Alkaline Diet- What is it? • Theorizes that some foods alkaline and some acid in the body • Eat more alkaline foods and eliminate acid foods to improve health • Some say it can cure cancer (it can’t) Alkaline Diet: Pros and Cons Pros Cons • Generally safe • Restricts some foods • Generally encourages unnecessarily healthy, beneficial foods • Promoters have made unsubstantial claims • Not always clear what is “alkaline” Optimizing Nutrition with PKD What Should Someone With PKD Eat? • Stay hydrated!* • Decrease sodium/salt intake • Adequate (not excessive) protein* • TONS of fruits and vegetables* *Depending on your kidney function What to Eat with PKD Cont’d • Early stages: • Fluids, sodium, lots of produce • Moderate-Advanced kidney function decline (pre-dialysis): • Limit sodium, careful with protein, careful with phosphorus • On Dialysis: • Limit sodium, may limit fluid, high protein, may limit phosphorus and/or potassium Talking to your Doctor about Nutrition • Should I restrict my fluid intake? • Should I limit my protein intake? • Do I need to restrict/increase potassium in my diet? • Do any of my medications react with foods? • How can I meet with a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist? Additional Resources • Talk to your doctor for ideas and referrals • Eatright.org and HealthProfs.com have extensive lists of health professionals, can search by location • https://www.kidneycommunitykitchen.ca/ • International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism Thank you! Any Questions? Claire Walsh, MS, RDN, CHC www.clarifiednutrition.com.