N O R DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT T Brick Earth Mining & Other Mining Third Edition - November 2019 H T R I P U R A DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: NORTH TRIPURA DISTRICT, TRIPURA CONFIDENTIALITY CLAUSE This District Survey Report (DSR) of North Tripura district, Tripura, has been prepared by Greenminds Environmental Research Pvt. Ltd., Howrah, West Bengal, India. Any reproduction, direct or indirect other than for the specific purpose for which the report has been prepared, should not be carried out, without prior written consent of Govt. of Tripura. Page | 1 Prepared By: GREENMINDS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH PVT. LTD. DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: NORTH TRIPURA DISTRICT, TRIPURA ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We, Greenminds Environmental Research Pvt. Ltd., would like to express our special thanks of gratitude to all the Government functionaries of the State of Tripura for their guidance and for providing necessary information regarding the district North Tripura, Tripura and also for their support in completing the District Survey Report. We also like to extend our sincere thanks to all the local people of North Tripura district who have offered their fullest cooperation unhesitatingly. We have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. Page | 2 Prepared By: GREENMINDS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH PVT. LTD. DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: NORTH TRIPURA DISTRICT, TRIPURA We are highly indebted to: Department & Designated person(s) Designation District Administration: Shri Raval H. Kumar, IAS District Magistrate (DM) Shri Nagendra Debbarma Addl. District Magistrate All Officers District Administration Forest: Dr. Alind Rastogi, IFS, PCCF & HoFF Shri Mahender Singh, IFS, DFO Shri Tapojyoti Kishore Debbarma, TFS SDFO Shri Abhijit Dey SDFO All Officers Forest Dept (H.O) DSTE: Shri Animesh Das, IAS Member Secretary, SEIAA, All Officers Dte. of Science,Technology & Environment TSPCB: Dr. Basant Kumar Agarwala Chairman Dr. Mihir Kumar Das Scientist-C & Secretary, SEAC All Officers Tripura State Pollution Control Board Page | 3 Prepared By: GREENMINDS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH PVT. LTD. DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: NORTH TRIPURA DISTRICT, TRIPURA INDEX Sl. No. Contents Page Nos. 1. Preface 06-06 2. Introduction 07-09 3. General Profile of the District 10-29 4. Physiography of the District 30-30 5. Land use Pattern of the District 31-33 6. Geology 34-38 7. Geological and Mineral Map of Tripura 39-41 8. Geomorphology 42-44 9. Soil types 45-45 10. Natural Hazards 45-45 11. Mineral Resources 46-46 Methodology of Brick Earth and Ordinary 12. 46-46 Earth mining and Guiding Principles 13. Over view of Mining Activity in the District 46-46 Brick Earth Mining: Quantifications & 14. 47-48 Recommendations Ordinary Earth Mining: Quantifications & 15. 49-49 Recommendations Economic Impact of Mining: Brick Earth 16. 50-50 Mining & Ordinary Earth Mining 17. Concluding Remarks 51-51 Page | 4 Prepared By: GREENMINDS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH PVT. LTD. DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: NORTH TRIPURA DISTRICT, TRIPURA Page Sl. No. List of Maps & Figures Nos. 1. Map 1: Administrative Map of North Tripura District 9 2. Map 2: Location Map of North Tripura District 11 3. Map 3: River System Map of North Tripura District 19 4. Map 4: Drainage Pattern Map of North Tripura District 21 5. Map 5: Forest Map of North Tripura District 29 6. Map 6: Land Use Map of North Tripura District 33 7. Map 7: Geological Map of North Tripura District 38 8. Map 8: Elevation Map of North Tripura District 43 9. Map 9: Drainage Network Map of North Tripura District 44 1. Fig 1: Bar Diagram of Average Rainfall, North Tripura District 15 2. Fig 2: Pie Chart of Average Rainfall, North Tripura District 15 Fig 3: Bar Diagram of Male & Female Population, North Tripura 3. 23 District Fig 4: Pie chart of Male & Female population, North Tripura 4. 23 District 5. Fig 5: Bar Diagram of Literacy Rate, North Tripura District 24 6. Fig 6: Pie Chart of Literacy, North Tripura District 24 7. Fig 7: Bar Diagram of Cropping Pattern, North Tripura District 26 8. Fig 8: Bar Diagram of Land use Pattern, North Tripura District 32 Page | 5 Prepared By: GREENMINDS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH PVT. LTD. DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: NORTH TRIPURA DISTRICT, TRIPURA 1. PREFACE: On 15 January 2016, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India issued a notification and in which Para 7(iii) (a) and Annexure (x), purpose and structure of District Survey Report has been discussed. District Survey Report (DSR) will be prepared in every district for each minor mineral. The District Survey Report will guide systematic and scientific utilization of natural resources, so that present and future generation may be benefited at large. The guidelines of MoEF&CC will support that fundamental concept, promoting environmental protection, limiting negative physiological, hydrological and social impacts under pinning sustainable economic growth. It is really an enigma that all earth materials are not used for making bricks. The rudiments of the subject lie within the geology of soil characteristics. Mostly, the presence of clayey soils is the fulcrum of brick earth industry. On this parlance, we can say that the abundance of clayey soil seems to tilt the scales in favour of brick maker (Lessee). So, they should have a business acumen and eye catching overall performances to do this plum job within a time frame of consecutive five years. This District Survey Report (DSR) will contain mainly data published and endorsed by various departments and websites about Geology of the area, Mineral wealth details of the investigated area, details of Lease and Mining activity in the District along with brick earth mining and revenue of minerals. This report also contains details of Forest, Rivers, Soil, Agriculture, climate and other geo-morphological units. In the North-Eastern part of Tripura, the district covers an area of about 1422.19 sq. km. There is only one north south striking hill range (Jampui hills) is located along the eastern boundary of the district . About 70% area is hilly and forest and river course covered. The terrain is mostly undulating and hilly with small water streams, rivers and fertile valleys intervening. Major rivers originating from Jampui hill are Deo(132km), Longai(98km), Juri(79km). Geologically the hill tracks of Tripura in general and North Tripura district in particular consists of Tertiary rocks, which has been later covered by the alluvial deposits. Disclaimer: The data may vary due to flood, heavy rains and other natural calamities. Therefore, it is recommended that SEIAA may take into consideration all its relevant aspects/ data while scrutinizing and recommending the application for EC to the concerned Authority. Page | 6 Prepared By: GREENMINDS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH PVT. LTD. DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: NORTH TRIPURA DISTRICT, TRIPURA 2. INTRODUCTION: Tripura, initially a one district state, was trifurcated into three Districts w.e.f. 01.09.1970. The North Tripura District started functioning in the office of the Sub-divisional officer at Kailashahar and partly at Kumarghat, later the whole office was shifted to Kailashahar. The Collectorate was shifted to the newly constructed complex at Gournagar on 13.11.1987, subsequently North Tripura District has been bifurcated and a new District namely "Dhalai district " has been inaugurated on 14.04.1995 with district head quarter at Ambassa. On 21.01.2012 the decision to further bifurcate North Tripura District was accepted and the district "Unakoti district" has been created with its headquarter at Kailashahar & North Tripura district headquarter shifted to Dharmanagar. North Tripura district of Tripura (Fig. 1) is located between 23°39′ N to 24°31′ N latitude and between 92°10′ E to 92°20′ E longitude from (google earth). The district is bordered by Bangladesh on both the north and the south, by Assam and Mizoram on the east, by Unokoti and Dhalai districts of Tripura on the west. It shares a total international boundary of about 45 kilometers with Bangladesh (measured in Google earth). The district is accessible with rest of Tripura including the capital city Agartala through National Highway 44. The Headquarter of the district is located at Dharmanagar. In Tripura, the mineral resources are mainly glass sands, limestone, plastic clay and hard rock; all of these materials are being used to a variable degree. However, the single most important resources in the state are oil and natural gas. ONGC has initiated massive exploration programme in the state. But abundance of clayey soil, suitable for making bricks, is found to see in most of the parts of the North Tripura district. The broad principle, on which any sustainable brick earth mining guidelines or policies can be based, is natural resources must be utilized for the benefit of the present and future generation, so that natural resources should be prudently managed and developed. Page | 7 Prepared By: GREENMINDS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH PVT. LTD. DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT: NORTH TRIPURA DISTRICT, TRIPURA Bricks are made by Indian uneducated, unskilled and unemployed labours. Brick kilns are largest temporary employment provider in Tripura as well as in our country and provide employment to the poorest section of the population who are in a ditch of financial crisis. The local villagers in and around the brick kilns are the key source of “Human Resource” and they boost up the speed of the business of brick kiln industry tailoring their entire manual effort just to alleviate their financial doldrums. The upliftment of socio-economic conditions of these labours is dependent on the fate of the demand supply gap for pucca bricks in local market. The overwhelming demand of bricks and fabulous response from customers for purchasing bricks put the responsibilities on the shoulders of proprietor of brick maker ensuring a good future of this business. Page | 8 Prepared By: GREENMINDS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH PVT.