fy fCSackville-West > vV. *» FROM THE PERSONAL LIBRARY OF JAMES BUELL MUNN 1890- 1967 sn BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY w KNOLE and the SACKVILLES Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from Boston Public Library http://www.archive.org/details/knolesackvilles1922sack KNOLE and THE SACKVILLES by V. SACKVILLE-WEST LONDON WILLIAM HEINEMANN 1922 1 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE 1456 knole bought by Archbishop bourchier i486 Death of Bourchier. Succeeded by Cardinal morton 1500 Death of Morton. Succeeded by henry dean 1 502 Death of Dean. Succeeded by wareham 1532 Death of Wareham. Succeeded by cranmer 1539 knole given by Cranmer to henry viii 1 5*46 Death of Henry VIII. Succeeded by edward vi 1550 knole granted by Edward VI to john Dudley, Earl of Warwick 1556 knole resold by Warwick to edward vi 1553 Death of Edward VI. Succeeded by queen mary knole granted by the Queen to Reginald pole 1558 Death of Mary. Succeeded by queen Elizabeth 1 5*86 knole granted to thomas sackville by Elizabeth Thos. Sackville, Lord Buckhurst, 1st earlo/dorset 1536-1608 1554 Married cecilie baker ?w > Member of Parliament I 5 6 3J / 1563 Travelling abroad 1566 Death of his father. Sir richard 1567 Created Lord buckhurst 1568 Ambassador to France 1569 Lord-Lieutenant of Sussex 1 57 Ambassador to France 1586 Execution of mary Queen of scots 1586 Given knole by queen Elizabeth 1587 Ambassador to the Low Countries 1589 Ambassador to the Low Countries 1589 Knight of the Garter 1 59 Chancellor of Oxford 1598 Ambassador to the Low Countries 1599 Lord High Treasurer 1 60 Lord High Steward 1603 Death of Queen Elizabeth. Succeeded by james i 1 603 Lord Treasurer for life 1604 Created Earl of Dorset 1608 Death at the Council Table vii 461 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE Robert Sackville, 2nd earlo/dorset, 1561-1609 1579 Married margaret Howard, dau. of Duke of Norfolk r or Member ofJ Parliament 1608J 1592 Married anne spencer 1608 Succeeded his father, thomas 1609 Death Richard Sackville, 3rd earl of Dorset, 1 589-1 624 1609 Married Lady anne Clifford, daughter of george, Earl of CUMBERLAND 1609 Succeeded his father, Robert 1624 Death Edward Sackville, 4th earl of Dorset, 1 591-1652 1 605 At Christ Church, Oxford 1 612 Married mary, daughter of Sir george curzon 1 6 14 His duel with Lord bruce 1 6 1 Member of Parliament 1 6 1 Knight of the Bath 1 62 Ambassador to louis xiii r ^ > Travels in ItalyJ 1624J 1623 Again Ambassador to louis xiii 1624 Succeeded his brother, richard 1624 Lord-Lieutenant of Sussex and Middlesex 1625 Knight of the Garter 1625 Death of James I. Succeeded by charles i 1628 Lord Chamberlain 1630 Lady Dorset appointed Governess to the King's children r > Commissioner for Planting Virginia 1638 Granted the East Coast of America 1 642 Outbreak of civil war. Ld. Dorsetjoins the king atTork 1 644 Lord Privy Seal 164.9 Execution of charles i 1652 Death viii 1 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE Richard Sackville, 5th earlo/dorset, 1 622-1 677 Before 1638 Married Lady Frances cranfield, daughter of Lionel Earl of Middlesex 1552 Succeeded his father, edward r _ \ Lord-Lieutenant ofJ Middlesex and Sussex 1670J 1677 Death Charles Sackville, 6th earl of Dorset and earl (?/ MIDDLESEX, 1638-I706 1 660 Member of Parliament 1660 Restoration of charles ii 1665 Naval battle against the Dutch 1667 Living with nell gwynn 1668 Ambassador to France 1674 Death of his mother ; he succeeds to the Cranfield estates 1675 Created Earl of Middlesex 1677 Succeeded his father, richard, as Earl of Dorset 1678 Married mary, Countess of falmouth 1685 Married Lady mary compton, daughter of james Earl of NORTHAMPTON 1685 Death of Charles II. Succeeded by james ii 1688 Accession of william of orange r ' > Lord Chamberlain 1697J 1 69 Knight of the Garter 1 70 1 His poems published with sedley's 1702 Death of William III. Succeeded by queen anne 1704 Married anne roche 1 706 Death Lionel Sackville, 7th earl and 1st duke of Dorset, 1 688—1 765 1706 Succeeded his father, charles, as Earl of Dorset and MIDDLESEX 1 709 Married Elizabeth colyear ix 4 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE 1 708 Lord Warden ofthe Cinque Ports, intermittently tilll 728 1 7 1 Knight of the Garter 1 7 14 Death of ^ueen Anne. Succeeded by george i 1 720 Created Duke of Dorset 1725 Lord Steward 1727 Death of George I. Succeeded by george ii 1730 Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland till 1737 1746 Lord-Lieutenant of Kent 1750 Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland till 1755 1760 Death of George II. Succeeded by george hi 1765 Death Charles Sackville, 2nd dukeo/dorset, 171 1-1769 Before 1734 On the Grand Tour 1734 Member of Parliament intermittently till 1754. Lord of the Treasury and Master of the Horse 1 744 Married grace royle 1765 Succeeded his father, Lionel, as Duke of Dorset 1769 Death John Frederick Sackville, 3rd dukeo/dorset, I 745~ I 799 1769 Succeeded his uncle, charles ! a r Ambassador to louis xvi 1789J 1788 Knight of the Garter Lord-Lieutenant of Kent Lord Steward Married Arabella diana, daughter of Sir john cope, of Bramshill 1799 Death George John Frederick Sackville, 4th dukeo/dor- set, 1794-1815 1799 Succeeded his father, john Frederick 1 8 5 1 Death TABLE OF DESCENT Herbrand de Sackville, temp. WLilliaxn tf?c Conqueror I SIR RICHARD SACKVILLE, temp, (bcnrp VIII I thomas sackville m. Cecilie Baker k 1536 d. 1608 lord buckhurst and ISt EARL of DORSET, K.G. Robert sackville m. Lady Margaret Howard b. 1 56 1 d. 1609 2nd EARL of DORSET RICHARD SACKVILLE m. EDWARD SACKVILLE m. Lady Anne Clifford Mary Curzon b. 1589 d. 1624 b. 1589 or '90 d. 1652 3rd EARL of DORSET, K.G. \tk EARL Of DORSET, K.G. I richard sackville m. Lady Frances Cranfield b. lb22 d. 1677, $tk EARL of DORSET I Charles sackville m. Lady Mary Compton b. 1637 or '36 d. 1706 6/i EARL Of DORSET, K.G. Lionel sackville m. Elizabeth Colyear b. 1686 d. 1765 [k.g. 7 th EARL and ISt DUKE of DORSET, CHARLES SACKVILLE LORD JOHN SACKVILLE LORD GEORGE SACKVILLE b. 171 1 d. 1769 d. 1765 b. 1 716 ^.1785 2W DUKE o/" DORSET | Cr. VISCOUNT SACKVILLE JOHN FREDERICK SACKVILLE l m. Arabella Diana Cope of Bramshill Charles sackville b. 1745 d. 1799 b. 1767 d. 1843 ^rd DUKE fl/" DORSET, K.G. ^th DUKE ff/"DORSET, K.G. LADY MARY SACKVILLE GEORGE JOHN FREDERICK SACKVILLE £.1794 <£ l8l5 4-tn DVK.E ofDORSET LADY ELIZABETH SACKVILLE m. John West, Earlde la Warr b. 1796 d. 1870 I CHARLES111MORTIMER LIONEL WILLIAM EARL DE LA WARR IJ7LORD SACKVILLE 2W LORD SACKVILLE d. 1873 Z>. l820 £.1827 LIONEL, yd LORD SACKVILLE d. 1888 <£ 1908 A. 1867 xii 1 CONTENTS Foreword p. v Chronological Table vij Table of Descent xii Ch. I The House p. i II The Garden and Park 20 III Knole in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth 28 IV Knole in the Reign of James I 48 V Knole in the Reign of Charles I 82 VI Knole in the Reign of Charles II 1 1 VII Knole in the Early Eighteenth Century 152 VIII Knole at the End of the Eighteenth Century 176 IX Knole in the Nineteenth Century 201 Appendix 221 Index 223 Xlll The dome of Knole, by fame enrolled, The Church of Canterbury, The hops, the beer, the cherries there, Would fill a noble story. 6 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS JOHN FREDERICK SACKVILLE, 3RD DUKE OF DORSET. From the portrait at Knole by Gainsborough Frontispiece north-east VIEW of knole. From the drawing by t. bridge- man To face page 2 THE GREEN COURT, BOURCHIEr's ORIEL 6 THE STONE COURT, BOURCHIER'S GATEHOUSE 10 THE STONE COURT 1 KNOLE FROM AN AEROPLANE 20 THE GARDEN SIDE 22 A GATEWAY INTO THE GARDEN 26 A CONFERENCE OF ENGLISH AND SPANISH PLENIPOTENTIARIES , at somerset house in 1604. From the painting by marc gheerhardts in the National Portrait Gallery 32 LEAD PIPE-HEADS. Put Up by THOMAS SACKVILLE in 1605 3& THE GREAT STAIRCASE (UPPER FLIGHT). Built by THOMAS SACKVILLE 1604-8 46 RICHARD SACKVILLE, 3RD EARL OF DORSET, K.G. From the miniature by isaac Oliver in the Victoria and Albert Museum 52 LADY ANNE CLIFFORD, wife of RICHARD SACKVILLE, yd Earl of Dorset. From the portrait at Knole by mytens 56 LADY MARGARET SACKVILLE, daughter to RICHARD SACKVILLE, " 3rd Earl of Dorset, and lady anne Clifford : The Child." From the portrait at Knole by mytens 68 THE VENETIAN AMBASSADOR'S BEDROOM 72 EDWARD SACKVILLE, 4TH EARL OF DORSET, K.G. From the portrait at Knole by vandyck 84 THE TWO SONS OF EDWARD, 4TH EARL OF DORSET : RICHARD, LORD BUCKHURST and THE HON. EDWARD SACKVILLE. From the portrait at Knole by Cornelius nuie 106 Charles sackville, 6th earl of Dorset, k.g. From the por- trait by Sir Godfrey kneller in the Poets' Parlour at Knole 116 THE BROWN GALLERY. Built by ARCHBISHOP BOURCHIER in 1460 I48 XV : LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS lady betty germaine. From the portrait at Knole by c. Phillips To face page II LADY BETTY GERMAINE's BEDROOM AT KNOLE I 72 hwang-a-tung, a Chinese boy, page to the 3rd Duke of Dorset. From the portrait at Knole by Sir joshua Reynolds 192 JOHN FREDERICK SACKVILLE, 3RD EARL OF DORSET ; ARABELLA DIANA, 3RD DUCHESS OF DORSET j THE EARL OF MIDDLE- SEX ; LADY ELIZABETH SACKVILLE, and LADY MARY SACK- VILLE. From a silhouette by a. t. terstan 1797. The property of lady sackville 196 GEORGE JOHN FREDERICK SACKVILLE, 4.TH EARL OF DORSET ; LADY MARY SACKVILLE, and LADY ELIZABETH SACKVILLE.