GOOD PRACTICES ON STRATEGIC PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC Water Resources Series No. 85 National Water Committee MACRO POLICY LEVEL, e.g. River Basin Committees Role Definition Irrigation Water Supply Water Pollution Control SECTORAL LEVEL Coordination Coordination (Networked institutions), e.g. Role Definition AGENCY LEVEL, e.g. East Local PWA MWA Water Governments Strategic Collaborative Planning and Management Strategic Functional Planning and Management United Nations E S C A P ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC ESCAP is the regional development arm of the United Nations and serves as the main economic and social development centre for the United Nations in Asia and the Pacific. Its mandate is to foster cooperation between its 53 members and 9 associate members. ESCAP provides the strategic link between global and country-level programmes and issues. It supports Governments of the region in consolidating regional positions and advocates regional approaches to meeting the region’s unique socio-economic challenges in a globalizing world. The ESCAP office is located in Bangkok, Thailand. Please visit our website at www.unescap.org for further information. The shaded areas of the map represent ESCAP members and associate members. GOOD PRACTICES ON STRATEGIC PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC Water Resources Series No. 85 United Nations New York, 2005 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC GOOD PRACTICES ON STRATEGIC PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC Water Resources Series No. 85 United Nations publication Sales No. E.06.II.F.8 Copyright United Nations 2006 All rights reserved Manufactured in Thailand ISBN: 92-1-120460-7 ISSN: 0082-8130 ST/ESCAP/SER.F/85 This document has been issued without formal editing The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Mention of firm names and commercial products does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations. This publication was prepared by Mr. Ti Le-Huu of the Water Resources Section, Environment and Sustainable Development Division of ESCAP in cooperation with various national water resources experts participating in the implementation of the project on “Capacity-building in Strategic Planning and Management of Natural Resources in Asia and the Pacific”. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations or of the Governments of the countries concerned. CONTENTS Page Foreword.................................................................................................................................. ix PART I: INTRODUCTION TO THE APPLICATION OF STRATEGIC PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT TO WATER RESOURCES A. Introduction................................................................................................................. 3 1. Background ........................................................................................................ 3 2. Lessons from the application of SPM to water resources ................................ 6 B. Principles adopted for application of SPM to water resources ........................... 7 1. Necessity of SPM for water resources development ........................................ 7 2. Key elements/components and issues of SPM................................................. 8 3. Initiation and implementation of SPM................................................................ 8 C. Concluding remarks on application of SPM to water resources ......................... 10 1. Contribution of SPM approaches to the development of IWRM plans ............. 10 2. Expectations from SPM ..................................................................................... 11 PART II: EXAMPLES OF GOOD PRACTICES D. Strategic planning and management of water resources in the Haihe and Huaihe River basins of China ................................................................................... 15 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 15 I. Key national components of the integral strategic planning and management of water resources development in the Haihe River basin ............................... 18 II. Integrated strategic plan for the Huaihe River basin ........................................ 34 III. Summary of water resources management goals linked to the socio- economic development targets of China ........................................................... 46 IV. Consultation mechanisms and initial findings ................................................... 50 E. Strategic plan – Integrated water resources development for the Nadi River basin, Fiji ..................................................................................................................... 54 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 54 I. Government policy ............................................................................................. 55 II. Features of the Nadi River basin ....................................................................... 56 III. Strategic plan goals ........................................................................................... 60 IV. Implementation, monitoring and evaluation ...................................................... 63 V. Conclusion .......................................................................................................... 65 F. Strategic planning for integrated water resources management in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic ................................................................................. 66 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 66 I. Summary of the goals linked to socio-economic development targets ............ 68 II. Legal and institutional framework ...................................................................... 71 iii CONTENTS (continued) Page III. Strategic plan goals ........................................................................................... 74 IV. Implementation, monitoring and evaluation ...................................................... 83 V. Consultation mechanisms and initial findings ................................................... 86 VI. Conclusions and recommendations .................................................................. 88 G. Strategic planning and management of water resources in Malaysia: Langat River basin case study .............................................................................................. 89 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 89 I. Background of the Langat River basin .............................................................. 89 II. Objective of the workshop ................................................................................. 89 III. Outcome of the workshop .................................................................................. 90 IV. Integrated river basin management (IRBM) ...................................................... 92 V. Benefits of SPM approach ................................................................................. 94 VI. Challenges of SPM approach ............................................................................ 96 VII. Plans for sustaining SPM approach .................................................................. 96 VIII. Concluding remarks ........................................................................................... 97 H. Strategic plan on integrated water resources management in Myanmar ........... 98 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 98 I. Summary of the goals linked to socio-economic development targets ............ 100 II. Legal and institutional framework ...................................................................... 101 III. Strategic plan goals ........................................................................................... 104 IV. Implementation, monitoring and evaluation ...................................................... 111 V. Consultation mechanisms and initial findings ................................................... 113 VI. Conclusions and recommendations .................................................................. 115 I Strategic plan of the Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources .......... 117 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 117 I. Summary of the goals linked to socio-economic development targets ............ 119 II. Legal and institutional framework ...................................................................... 124 III. Strategic plan goals ........................................................................................... 127 IV. Implementation, monitoring and evaluation .....................................................