Container Market Report D.5.4.3 Work Package: 5 Activity: 5.4 EHOO Date: 2018/10/17 Version 1.2 (FINAL REPORT) Project co-funded by European Union funds (ERDF, IPA) 2 Document History Version Date Authorised Draft V0.1 23/03/2018 EHOO Draft V1.1 28/09/2018 EHOO Final V1.2 17/10/2018 EHOO Contributing Authors Name Organisation Email Werner Auer EHOO [email protected] Karin Kainzinger EHOO [email protected] Melanie Ebner EHOO [email protected] Robert Wanger EHOO [email protected] Herfried Leitner TTS GmbH [email protected] Marian Timler Port of Vienna [email protected] Otto Hawlicek Container Terminal Enns GmbH [email protected] Jürgen Schrampf ECONSULT GmbH [email protected] Paul Weiss ECONSULT GmbH [email protected] Martin Golias VP, a.s. [email protected] Silvena Krumova – Port complex Ruse [email protected] Todorova Slaveyko Vasilev Bulgarian River Shipping JSCo [email protected] Aneliya Petkova BPICo [email protected] Laura Niculae Port of Constanta [email protected] Silviu Meterna PDR [email protected] Andreea Stavarache APDM [email protected] Thury Mónika HFIP [email protected] Srdja Ljesevic PGA [email protected] Iva Horvat PAV [email protected] Container Market Report Project co-funded by European Union funds (ERDF, IPA) 3 Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary ______________________________________________________________________________________ 6 2. Introduction ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 8 3. Container market in the Danube region______________________________________________________________ 9 4. Market Research _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12 4.1. Freight traffic on the Danube ________________________________________________________________________12 4.1.1. Freight traffic on the Austrian part of the Danube 2017 ___________________________________________12 4.1.2. Freight transport on the entire Danube 2016 ______________________________________________________13 4.2. Obstacles on the Danube and Rhine _________________________________________________________________13 4.3. Container Market in Austria _________________________________________________________________________16 4.4. Container Market in Hungary ________________________________________________________________________18 4.5. Container Market in Serbia ___________________________________________________________________________18 4.6. Container Market in Romania ________________________________________________________________________21 4.7. Container Market in Bulgaria ________________________________________________________________________26 4.8. Container Market in Slovakia ________________________________________________________________________27 4.9. Best-Practice analyses _______________________________________________________________________________29 4.10. Observation of relevant rail freight market in the Danube Region _______________________________29 4.11. Former projects regarding Container Transport on the Danube __________________________________30 4.11.1. COLD – Container Liner Service Danube / 2006____________________________________________________31 4.11.2. KoLEG – Study on preparing for a combine regular service Enns/Galati 2012 __________________35 4.12. Innovations for combined cargo transshipment ___________________________________________________36 5. Decarbonizing strategy ______________________________________________________________________________ 38 5.1. Europe _________________________________________________________________________________________________38 5.1.1. Improve truck toll across the EU ____________________________________________________________________39 5.2. Austria _________________________________________________________________________________________________39 5.2.1. Climate Strategy Austria ______________________________________________________________________________39 5.2.2. Greenhouse gas targets in Austria ___________________________________________________________________40 5.2.3. Example Austria as prototype for industrial congested area ______________________________________41 5.2.4 Reduce truck transit in Austria ______________________________________________________________________41 5.2.5. Core Message COLD study regarding environmental balance _____________________________________42 5.3. Example regarding emission-free cargo shipping __________________________________________________42 6. Feasibility Study Empty Container Business ______________________________________________________ 43 6.1. Requirements & Recommendations _________________________________________________________________44 6.1.1 Requirements for a competitive empty container line _____________________________________________44 6.1.2. Requirements for deeper market observation _____________________________________________________44 6.1.3. Recommendations ____________________________________________________________________________________45 6.2. Detailed considerations of Danube Ports ___________________________________________________________45 6.3. Market potential for empty container traffic _______________________________________________________48 6.3.1. Liner Scenarios ________________________________________________________________________________________49 6.3.2. Market price in competition with rail offers _______________________________________________________50 6.3.3. Conclusion _____________________________________________________________________________________________51 6.3.4. Decarbonization development _______________________________________________________________________51 6.4. Summary regarding Empty Container Business ____________________________________________________52 7. Conclusions & Recommendations of the report ___________________________________________________ 52 7.1. Infrastructure and market ___________________________________________________________________________53 Container Market Report Project co-funded by European Union funds (ERDF, IPA) 4 7.1.1. Parallel rail infrastructure ___________________________________________________________________________53 7.1.2. Trimodal hubs to connection nodes outside the Danube Region – OBOR ________________________53 7.1.3. Connection to the Adria ______________________________________________________________________________54 7.1.4. Small and regional “hub&spoke” concepts __________________________________________________________54 7.1.5. Agreements with shipping companies ______________________________________________________________54 7.2. Empty Container Business ___________________________________________________________________________55 7.2.1 Conclusion for Empty Container Business __________________________________________________________55 7.2.2 Empty Container Business and Decarbonization Development __________________________________56 7.3. Decarbonization and Sustainability _________________________________________________________________56 7.3.1. CO2-Resource Accounting ____________________________________________________________________________56 7.3.2. NOx-problem in general and especially in metropolitan areas ____________________________________57 7.4. Total Summary of the Container Report ____________________________________________________________57 8. Contribution to output 5.1 new market studies ___________________________________________________ 58 8.1. Market Opportunity __________________________________________________________________________________58 8.2. Attractiveness of the market _________________________________________________________________________59 8.3. Cost structure & available infrastructure ___________________________________________________________60 8.4. Success Factors _______________________________________________________________________________________61 8.5. Target audience ______________________________________________________________________________________63 9. References _______________________________________________________________________________________________64 Annexes__________________________________________________________________________________________________________64 Annexes I – Empty Container Study (English) ________________________________________________________________64 Container Market Report Project co-funded by European Union funds (ERDF, IPA) 5 Table of Figures Figure 1: Green Deal for Danube river transport ________________________________________________ 11 Figure 2: Freight traffic on the Austrian part of the Danube 2017 ____________________________ 12 Figure 3: Freight transport on the entire Danube 2016 ________________________________________ 13 Figure 4: Rail freight in Austria 2017 ____________________________________________________________ 17 Figure 5: Transported Container on the Austrian Danube 2013-2017 ________________________ 17 Figure 6: Handling of Containers in the port of Belgrade _______________________________________ 21 Figure 7: Romania - Container port traffic _______________________________________________________ 24 Figure 8: Number of transported Containers in Slovakia _______________________________________ 28 Figure 9: Container traffic in European seaports in TEU _______________________________________ 29 Figure 10: Forecast COLD Study __________________________________________________________________ 32 Figure 11: Container Transshipment