Papers Working Cumulus Cumulus Working Papers Schwäbisch Gmünd Schwäbisch Schwäbisch Gmünd Publications in Cumulus Working Papers Series 01/98 Prague Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design 02/98 Dublin National College of Arts and Design 03/99 Rome Istituto Europeo di Design 04/99 Ljubljana University of Ljubljana, Academy of Fine Art & Design, Dept of Design 05/00 Helsinki University of Art and Design Helsinki 06/00 Kolding Designskolen Kolding 07/01 Baltic Sea Konstfack 08/02 Paris École Supérieure d´Arts Graphiques et d´Architecture Interieure ESAG 09/02 Colle di Val d’Elsa Istituto Europeo di Design 10/03 Tallinn Estonian Academy of Arts 11/03 Saint-Petersburg Saint-Petersburg State University of Technology and Design 12/04 Oslo Oslo School of Architecture AHO 13/04 Utrecht Utrecht School of the Arts 14/05 Lisbon Escola Superior de Design IADE 15/05 Copenhagen Danmarks Designskole 16/06 Nantes L’Ecole de Design Nantes Atlantique 17/06 Warsaw Warsaw Academy of Fine Arts 18/07 Schwäbisch Gmünd Hochschule für Gestaltung Schwäbisch Gmünd Cumulus Working Papers, documentation of meetings by Cumulus, International Association of Universities and Colleges of Art, Design and Media, established in 1991. CWP is published by the University of Art and Design Helsinki, the network coordinator. Cumulus Working Papers Schwäbisch Gmünd 18/07 Schwäbisch Gmünd Cumulus Working Papers Publication Series G University of Art and Design Helsinki 2007 editor in chief Eija Salmi Secretary General editors Peter Stebbing George Burden Lotta Anusionwu lay-out Jani Pulkka graphic design Original Cumulus Working Paper concept is developed at the University of Art and Design Helsinki, Department of Product and Strategic Design, Autumn Term 1998 with Timo Jokivaara, University of Art and Design Helsinki, Miguel Oliva Sánchez, Escola Superior de Disseny Elisava, Barcelona and Krisztina Szinger, Hungarian University of Craft and Design, Budapest. The concept was redesigned 2006 by Jani Pulkka, University of Art and Design Helsinki. for further information on cumulus network and cumulus working papers University of Art and Design Helsinki Cumulus Secretariat Hämeentie 135 C fin-00560 Helsinki Finland T +358 9 7563 0534 and +358 9 7563 0570 F +358 9 7563 0595 E [email protected] W http://www.cumulusassociation.org Writer’s Manual for Cumulus Working Papers available at Cumulus Secretariat. © Copyright University of Art and Design Helsinki and the authors isbn 978-951-558-244-7 (paperback) isbn 978-951-558-245-4 (pdf) issn 1456-307x (paperback) issn 1795-1879 (pdf) Dark Oy Vantaa 2007 Contents FOREWORD Yrjö Sotamaa KEYNOTE ABSTRACTS 9 Crossing Boundaries – Sharing the global knowledge and the global Ellen Wagner responsibility 11 Learning by Design FOREWORD Christian Guellerin Jan Teunen 10 This Network Is Easy to Access and 12 A Patch of Cloud – About Easy to Be Part of… And nowadays fragmentation and wholeness within our complex world, simplicity is a revolutionary trend Christian Berg 12 Networking as a Syndrome – PREFACE Peter Stebbing and George Burden Impacts of a global trend and 7 Educate and Design to the Extent implications for design of the Available Knowledge Hans Peter Meinzer 13 The Inside View – Looking inside Seeing inside Ortwin Renn 13 Sustainable Development: The Need for a Synthesis of Analysis, Meaning, and Design Manfred Spitzer 14 Neuroscience and Creativity Joachim Krausse 14 Nature Has No Departments – Remembering Buckminster Fuller’s “comprehensive anticipatory design science” KEYNOTE SPEECH Joyce Palmer 15 The Eternal Triangle FULL PAPERS CONVERGING DIVERGENCES COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGIES Jess Maertterer Robert Barelkowski 21 The Mathematics of Aesthetics 74 Unique Spaces: Interdisciplinary Contributions in Architectural Design BIONICS Process – Involving the fields of Barbara Colombo art and design, social sciences and 29 Biomimetic Design for New economy in mixed-use developments Technological Developments Mirja Leinss MEASURING HUMAN FACTORS 84 The Role of Designers in Multi- Ulrich Matern disciplinary Teams – Experiences 37 Safety, Hazards and Ergonomics from design research in the Operating Room – Needs and challenges for design Carolina Gill and Blaine Lilly 89 Communicating across Disciplines Sean D. Jenkins, Raymond D.H. Brown through Systems Thinking and Kelvin E. Donne 41 Infrared Thermography in Design Loredana Di Lucchio Research – The application of thermal 94 Design Tactics – The transition in the imaging as a measurement tool in the design focus from the object to the design process subject COOPerative CONSUMERISM UNEXPECTED CONNECTIONS Catalina Naranjo and Carolina Gill Götz Wintergerst and Ron Jagodzinski 48 Towards Sustainable Design: 101 haptICS: A Collaborative Research Lessons from Developing Countries Project Led by the HfG Schwäbisch Gmünd Nathalie Ciprian and Frédéric Degouzon 52 Building up a Sustainable Design Séverine Rouillan and Frédéric Lagarrigue CREDO – A possible framework for 106 Between Dance and Design – an experimental “project grounded” The gesture as a creative support design community for a European design LEARNING AND teaching CULTURAL CONCERNS Konrad Baumann and Peter Purgathofer Heike Goeller 56 How Designers Teach – A qualitative 114 Designing for Different Cultures, research on design didactics a Designer’s Predicament? Ian Damerell CLassic identities 64 New Divisions (Mind your Language) Erika Cortés – Multimodality in visual education 123 What Contemporary Life Brings into Design – From a peripheral Martti Raevaara and Jan Kenneth Weckman perspective 69 Interlinking Studio and VLE – New ways for international collaboration in art and design education POSTERS STUDENTS Yanta H.T. LAM Rhys Thomas and Sean Jenkins 128 The Industrial Design Development 132 Inclusive Design in Hong Kong (HK) and the Influence on China (PRC) Richard Crocker and Ian Walsh 133 Biomimetic Design: Design Inspired Birgitte Geert Jensen by Biomorphics and Biomimetics 129 User Centered Design in Public Transportation Andrew Langdon and Ian Walsh 133 Sustainability Katri Ristal 129 The Story of How Estonian Academy Richard Heale and Ross Head of Arts Created Design Innovation 134 Express Yourself! Centre and Became the Leading Design Body in Estonia Harriet Brewster and Tyra Oseng 134 The Role of Women in Design Mirja Leinss and Enrico Constanza 130 Telling a Story on a Tag – Liyan Wei and Ren Xianyi The importance of markers’ visual 135 Chinese Elements Cannot design for real world applications Save China’s Industrial Design Daniel Aeschbacher Elly Dawson and Matthew Archer 131 BionicDesignProtocol© – The Method 136 The Transfer of History into Design for Best Sustainable Design – An integral approach for an effective new design development foreword Yrjö Sotamaa Crossing boundaries – Sharing the global knowledge and the global responsibility 7 FOREWORD Yrjö Sotamaa An International Association By becoming global Cumulus can better help all its Crossing boundaries members to fulfil their tasks through sharing best practices and the best knowledge with each other. – Sharing the global Sharing is not decreasing any ones own resources, on the contrary, every one gains something new and knowledge and the important. Knowledge grows through its use. We should use the resources of Cumulus and global responsibility its members to address the major global challenges: creating ageing wellness, protecting the environment, solving problems of trans portation and expanding The time of the birth of Cumulus was marked by the the benefits of mobile life created by new techno- fall of the Berlin Wall, a great euphoria of freedom logies. We should also work together to make design and the birth of a “New Europe”. Cumulus was born research an essen tial part of the activities of all to promote the ideals of democracy, equality and free- member institutions and the fundament of future dom of movement. Importance of education for a education. balanced social and economic development and a We should also learn to better understand the wish to strengthen the role of culture in global devel- differences of the cultures of the world and through opment have brought us together. this better use the global resources to support sus- The history of Cumulus and its various activities tainable development. tells of a strong mission, which includes four basic These are ways to strengthen global responsi- aspects. Cumulus wishes to develop a powerful global bility in building high level education and in building network of talented individuals and dynamic institu- sustainable creative societies. tions, which can work to I wish to thank heartily rector Christina Salerno, • Promote the talent of the youth and creativity her team and students for organizing an excellent • Support improvement of quality of education and conference in Schwäbisch Gmünd. I also wish to the development of research in art and design congratulate Christian Guellerin, the new Cumulus • Make societies and industry aware of the impor- President and wish him and the new Executive tance of culture, art and design in building sustain- Board every success. The future of Cumulus is in able societies, creative economies, innovative good hands. regions and a better everyday life for all people. Yrjö Sotamaa Rector, Professor Cumulus was born in 1990 by “six missionaries” and President of Cumulus 2001–2007 has grown in 2007 to an International Asso ciation of over 120 excellent institutions from all parts of the world. Cumulus is today to most important inter- national organization