ACADEMIE .POLONAISE DES SCIENCES PALAEONTOLOGIA POLONICA-No. 17, 1966 MIDDLE DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS OF THE BODZENTYN SYNCLINE (HOLY CROSS MOUNTAINS, POLAND) (BRACHIOPODY ZE SRODKOWEGO DEWONU SYNKLINY BODZENTYNSKIEJ GdR SWI~TOKRZYSKICH) BY GERTRUDA BIERNAT (WITH SI TEXT-FIGURES AND 32 PLATES) WARSZAWA 1966 PANSTWOWE WYDAWNICTWO NAUKOWE REDAKTOR - REDACTEUR ROMAN KOZLOWSKI Czlonek rzeczywisty Polskie] Akademii Nauk Mem bre de I'Acadernie Polonaise des Science s Redaktor techniczny - Redacteur technique Weronika Sipowicz Adres Redakcji - Adresse de la Redaction Instirut de Paleozoologie de l'Academie Polonaise des Sciences Warszawa 22, AI. Zwirki i Wigury Nr 6 Copyright by Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe 1966 Printed in Poland Panstwowe Wydawnictwo" Naukowe - Warszawa Naklad 800 + ISO egz, Ark . wyd. 21,S. Arkuszy druk. 10'/.. + 32 wkladki. Papier druk. sat . kl. III 61 x 86, 90 g. Oddano do skladania 2. IX . 1965 r. Podpisano do druku 8. XII. 1966 r, Druk ukonczono w styczniu 1967 r. Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellonskiego w Krakowie Zam. 878/65 CONTENTS Pase Introduction. 7 Acknowledgements 8 GENERAL PART Characteristic and state of preservation of the studied material . ... 9 Remarks on stratigraphy of the Skaly beds. .. .. .. 11 Lithofacial dependence of brachiopods in the Skaly and Pokrzywianka beds 14 Growth stages and their presence in populations 18 Young individuals 18 Adult individuals . 19 Gerontic individuals. 20 Dwarf forms . 21 Asymmetry . 22 Remarks on individual variability of brachiopods . 24 SYSTEMATIC PART Order Pentamerida SCHUCHERT & COOPER, 1931 27 Suborder Pentameridina SCHUCHERT & COOPER, 1931 27 Family Enantiosphenidae TORLEY, 1934 . .. 27 Genus Enantiosphen WHIDBORNE, 1893 .... 27 Enantiosphen sp. cf. Enantiosphen vicaryi (DAVIDSON, 1882) . 27 Family Pentameridae McCoy, 1844 . .. .. 28 Subfamily Gypidulinae SCHUCHERT & LE VENE, 1929 28 Genus Gypidula HALL, 1867 . 28 Subgenus Gypldula (Devonogypa) HAVLICEK, 1951 28 Gypldula (Devonogypa) spinulosa HAVLICEK, 1951 28 Subgenus Gypidula [Gypidula} HALL, 1867 . 29 Gypldula [Gypidula) cf. biplicata (SCHNUR, 1854) 29 Gypidula (Gypidula) parva n. sp. 30 Subgenus Gypidula (lvde/inia) ANDRONOV, 1961 . 31 Gypldula (Ivdelinia) cf. acutolobata (SANDBERGER, 1850-1856) . 32 Gypidula (Ivdelinia} sp. cf. G. (Ivdellnla) multip/icata (ROEMER, 1854) . 33 Genus Levigate//a ANDRONOV, 1961 . 34 ?Levigate//a sp. .. .. 34 Subfamily Oorindinae RZONSNICKAJA, 1956 35 Genus Antirhynchonella OEHLERT, 1887 35 Antirhynchonella linguiformis n. sp.. 35 Order Strophomenida OPIK, 1934 37 Suborder Strophomenidina OPIK, 1934 .. 37 4 GERTRUDA BffiRNAT Page Family Leptaenidae HALL & CLARKE, 1894 . 37 Genus Leptaena DALMAN, 1828 37 Leptaena analogaeformis n. sp, 38 ?Leptaena sp. .. 42 Family Stropheodontidae CASTER, 1939 . 43 Subfamily Douvilliniinae CASTER, 1939 . 43 Genus Douvillina OEHLERT, 1887 . 43 Subgenus Douvillina (Douvillina) OEHLERT, 1887 43 Douvillina (Douvillina) interstrialis (PHILUPS, 1841) 43 Douvillina (Douvillina) subcorrugata n. sp, 46 Subfamily Leptodontellinae WILLIAMS, 1965 49 Genus Leptodontella KHALFIN, 1948 49 Leptodontella caudata (SCHNUR, 1854) . 50 Genus Parastrophonella part. sensu BUBLITCHENKO, 1956 53 Parastrophonella anaglypha (KAYSER, 1871) 54 Subfamily Stropheodontinae CASTER, 1939 . 58 Genus Radiomena HAVLlCEK, 1962 .. 58 Radiomena irregularis (ROEMER, 1844) 58 Family Meekellidae STEHLI, 1954 59 Subfamily Meekellinae STEHLI, 1954. 59 Genus Schellwienella THOMAS, 1910 . .. 59 Subgenus Schellwienella (Schellwienella) THOMAS, 1910 59 Schellwienella (Schellwienella) umbraculum (SCHLOTHEIM, 1820) 59 Schellwienella (Schellwienella) sp. 64 Suborder Productidina WAAGEN, 1883 . 65 Family Productellidae SCHUCHERT & LE VENE, 1929 . 65 Subfamily Productellinae SCHUCHERT & LE VENE, 1929 65 Genus Productella HALL, 1867 . 65 Productella varians n. sp. .. 66 Productella cf. subaculeata (MURCHISON, 1840) 73 Suborder Chonetidina Mum-WOOD, 1955 . 73 Family Chonetidae BRONN, 1862 . 73 Genus Chonetes FISCHER DE WALDHEIM, 1830 . 73 Chonetes supragibbosa SOBOLEV, 1909 74 Family Eodevonariidae SOKOLSKAJA, 1960 . .. 76 Genus Eodevonaria BREGER, 1906. .... 77 Subgenus Eodevonaria (Devonaria) n. subgen. 77 Eodevonaria (Devonaria) zeuschneri (SOBOLEV, 1909) . 77 Order Rhynchonellida KUHN, 1949 . 82 Family Camarotoechiidae SCHUCHERT & LE VENE, 1929 82 Subfamily Camarotoechiinae SCHUCHERT & LE VENE, 1929 . 82 Genus Leiorhynchus HALL, 1860 . 82 Leiorhynchus subplicatus n. sp . 82 Family Uncinulidae RzONSNICKAJA, 1956 83 Genus Uncinulus BAYLE, 1878,. 83 Uncinulus primipilaris (v. BUCH, 1834) 83 Uncinulus coronatus (KAYSER, 1871) . 86 Uncinulus subcordiformis (SCHNUR, 1854) 88 Uncinulus parallelepipedus (BRONN, 1837) 90 Uncinulus pentagonus pentagonus (KAYSER, 1871) . 91 Uncinulus minor minor (SCHNUR, 1854) . 93 Uncinulus implexus (SOWERBY, 1840) 94 Family Septalariidae HAVLlCEK, 1960. 95 Genus Septalaria LEIDHOLD, 1928 95 Septalaria sp. .. .. .. 95 MIDDLE DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS "OF THE BODZENTYN SYNCLINE 5 Pale Septalaria cr. gracilis (GthuCH, 1896) . 97 Septalaria cf. subtetragona (SCHNUR, 1851) 98 Genus Nemesa H. SCHMIDT, 1941. 99 Nemesa cf. nemesana H. SCHMIDT, 1941 99 ?Nemesa skalensis n. sp. .. 100 Genns Pseudocamarophoria WEOEKINO, 1925 101 Pseudocamarophoria undulataeformis n. sp. 102 Pseudocamarophoria sp.. .. ... 104 Family Hypothyridinidae RZONSNICKAJA, 1956 . 105 Subfamily Hypothyridininae RZONSNICKAJA, 1956 105 Genus Hypothyridina BUCKMAN, 1906 . 105 H ypothyridina cf. procuboides (KAYSER, 1871) . 105 Family Pugnacidae RZONSNICKAJA, 1956 . .. 106 Genus Isopoma TORLEY. 1934 . .. 106 Isopoma braehyptyetum (SCHNUR, 1854) 106 Genus Pugnax HALL & CLARKE, 1893 108 Pugnax sp, cf. Pugnax pugnus (MARTIN, 1809) 108 Pugnax cf. anisodonta (PHILLIPS, 1841) 109 Order Spiriferida WAAGEN, 1883 110 Family Lissatrypidae TWENHOFEL, 1914 110 Subfamily Septatrypinae KOZLOWSKI, 1929 110 Genus Cryptatrypa SIEHL, 1962 110 Cryptatrypa philomela minor n. subsp. 110 Family Anoplothecidae SCHUCHERT, 1894 .. 112 Genus Bifida DAVIDSON, 1882 . .. 112 Bifida lepida (O'ARCHIAC & DE VERNEUIL, 1842). 112 Family Kayseriidae BOUCOT, JOHNSON, STATON, 1964 . 114 Genus Kayseria DAVIDSON, 1882 . 114 Kayseria lens (PHILLIPS, 1841). 114 Family Delthyrididae WAAGEN, 1883 . .. 114 Genus Undispirifer HAVLICEK, 1957 . 115 Undispirifer sp. cf. Undispirifer undiferus (ROEMER, 1844) . 116 Family Mucrospiriferidae PrrRAT, 1965 . .. 117 Genus Mucrospirifer GRABAU, 1931 . 117 Subgenus Mucrospirifer (Spinospirifer) n. subgen. 117 Muerospirifer (Spinospirifer} diluvianoides n. sp. 118 Family Ambocoeliidae GEORGE, 1931 . .. 122 Genus Crurithvris GEORGE, 1931 . 122 Crurithyris inflata (SCHNUR, 1854) 122 Family Reticulariidae WAAGEN, 1883 . 126 Genus ?£oretieularia NALIVKIN, 1924 126 £oretieularia eifeliensis (FRECH) in SCUPIN, 1900. 126 Eoretieularia avieeps (KAYSER, 1871) . 128 Genus Minatothyris VANDERCAMMEN 1957 . 131 Minatothyris maureri (HoLZAPFEL, 1896) . 132 Minatothyris sp, cf. Minatothyris eoncentrica (SCHNUR, 1854) 133 Family Cyrtinidae FREOERIKS, 1912 . 133 Genus Cyrtina DAVIDSON, 1858 . 133 Cyrtina heteroclita intermedia OEHLERT, 1886 133 Genus ?Pyramidalia NALIVKIN, 1947 136 Pyramidolia cf. simplex (PHILLrPS, 1841) 136 Genus Squamulariina FREOERIKS, 1916. 136 Squamulariina parva (GORICH, 1896) . 136 Family Meristellidae WAAGEN, 1883 . .. 137 Subfamily Meristinae HALL & CLARKE, 1895 137 6 GERTRUDA BIERNAT Pale Genus Dicamara HALL & CLARKE, 1893 137 Dicamara plebeia (SOWERBY, 1840) 138 Family Nucleospiridae DAVIDSON, 1881 140 Genus Nucleospira HALL, 1859 . 140 Nucleospira lens (SCHNUR, 1851) 140 Family Athyrididae M"COY, 1844 143 Genus Athyrls McCoY, 1844 143 Athyris concentrica (v. BUCH, 1834) 143 Athyris cf. ventrosa (SCHNUR, 1854) 144 Family Retziidae WAAGEN, 1883 . ... 146 Genus Plectospira COOPER, 1942 . 146 Plectospira ferita (v. BUCH, 1834) 146 Order Terebratulida WAAGEN, 1883 . .. 147 Family Stringocephalidae KING, 1850 . 147 Subfamily Rensselandiinae Cwuo, 1942 147 Genus Rensselandia HALL, 1867 147 Rensselandia cf. caiqua (O'ARCHIAC & OE VERNEUIL, 1842) 148 Rensselandia cf. circularis (HOUAPFEL, 1912) 148 Bibliography 150 Alphabetical indices 157 Index of authors 157 Palaeontological index 159 Plates I-XXXll and their legends. INTRODUCTION The present paper is the last in a series of publications on the Middle Devonian bra­ chiopods of the Skaly and Pokrzywianka beds in the Holy Cross Mountains (Gory Swieto­ krzyskie) , Lysogory region. Two groups of brachiopods: Orthacea (BIERNAT, 1959) and Atrypacea (BIERNAT, 1964) have already been described in previous papers. This work deals with representatives of: Pentamerida, Strophomenida, Rhynchonellida, Spiriferida and Terebratulida. As the brachiopods described in this paper come from the same region and almost the same exposures, as those in the preceding papers in which a review of the history and strati­ graphy of the Middle Devonian of the Bodzentyn Syncline has already been given, this work will be confined to some new additional data based on general observations of brachiopods. In the present studies special attention has been given to the facial distribution of bra­ chiopods in the section of the Skaly and Pokrzywianka beds, to the relationship between the state of preservation and the external morphology of brachiopod shells, as well as to some pro­ blems of palaeoecology of brachiopods, to individual variability and growth changes of the studied species. The short descriptions of some species given earlier by GORIeR (1896) and SOBOLEV (1904, 1909) have been supplemented