SREDNJEMIOCENSKE KREMENIČNE ALGE SLOVENIJE: PALEONTOLOGIJA, STRATIGRAFIJA, PALEOEKOLOGIJA, PALEOBIOGEOGRAFIJA • MIDDLE MIOCENE SILICEOUS ALGAE OF SLOVENIA: PALEONTOLOGY, STRATIGRAPHY, PALEOECOLOGY, PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHY Aleksander Horvat 1 SREDNJEMIOCENSKE KREMENIČNE ALGE SLOVENIJE: PALEONTOLOGIJA, STRATIGRAFIJA, PALEOEKOLOGIJA, PALEOBIOGEOGRAFIJA ALEKSANDER HORVAT MIDDLE MIOCENE SILICEOUS ALGAE OF SLOVENIA: PALEONTOLOGY, STRATIGRAPHY, PALEOECOLOGY, PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHY Recenzenti/Reviewers dr. Špela Goričan, doc. dr. Vasja Mikuž, prof. dr. Jernej Pavšič Prevod/Translated by Simon Pirc Jezikovni pregled/Language editing Tinka Selič Oblikovanje/Design Milojka Žalik Huzjan Izdajatelj/Issued by Paleontološki inštitut Ivana Rakovca ZRC SAZU/ Ivan Rakovec Institute of Paleontology ZRC SAZU Za izdajatelja/Represented by Špela Goričan Založnik/Published by Založba ZRC/ZRC Publishing, ZRC SAZU Za založnika/Represented by Oto Luthar Glavni urednik/Editor-in-Chief Vojislav Likar Tisk/Printed by Tiskarna Collegium graphicum, d.o.o., Ljubljana Izid publikacije je finančno podprlo Ministrstva za šolstvo, znanost in šport Republike Slovenije The publication was supported by The Ministry of Education, Science and Sport of the Republic of Slovenia. CIP - Kataložni zapis o publikaciji Narodna in univerzitetna knjižnica, Ljubljana 561.26(497.4)”6235” HORVAT, Aleksander, 1961- Srednjemiocenske kremenične alge Slovenije : paleontologija, stratigrafija, paleoekologija, paleobiogeografija = Middle miocene siliceous algae of Slovenia : paleontology, stratigraphy, paleoecology, paleobiogeography / Aleksander Horvat ; [prevod Simon Pirc]. - Ljubljana : Založba ZRC, ZRC SAZU, 2004 ISBN 961-6500-27-9 213903872 © 2004, avtor/author in/and ZRC SAZU Digitalna različica (pdf) je pod pogoji licence CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 prosto dostopna: https://doi.org/10.3986/9616500279 2 SREDNJEMIOCENSKE KREMENIČNE ALGE SLOVENIJE: PALEONTOLOGIJA, STRATIGRAFIJA, PALEOEKOLOGIJA, PALEOBIOGEOGRAFIJA MIDDLE MIOCENE SILICEOUS ALGAE OF SLOVENIA: PALEONTOLOGY, STRATIGRAPHY, PALEOECOLOGY, PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHY ALEKSANDER HORVAT LJUBLJANA 2004 3 4 KAZALO IZVLEČEK ..............................................................................................................................................................9 ABSTRACT ...........................................................................................................................................................11 UVOD ...............................................................................................................................................................13 Opis profilov v Krškem bazenu ......................................................................................................................15 Badenij ........................................................................................................................................................15 Sarmatij .......................................................................................................................................................15 Opis profilov v Tuhinjski sinklinali ................................................................................................................20 Sarmatij .......................................................................................................................................................20 METODE ...............................................................................................................................................................21 Paleontološke analize .......................................................................................................................................21 Mineraloške in sedimentološke analize ..........................................................................................................22 Kemijske analize ..............................................................................................................................................23 REZULTATI..........................................................................................................................................................24 Sistematska paleontologija ...............................................................................................................................24 Ebridiji ........................................................................................................................................................24 Dinoflagelati z notranjim skeletom ...........................................................................................................24 Silikoflagelati ..............................................................................................................................................25 Diatomeje....................................................................................................................................................30 Sedimetnološke analize ...................................................................................................................................88 Mineraloške analize .........................................................................................................................................90 Profil Bela Cerkev 1 ...................................................................................................................................90 Profil Bela Cerkev 2 ...................................................................................................................................92 Profil Tunjice ..............................................................................................................................................92 Profil Šmarjeta ............................................................................................................................................93 Diskusija ......................................................................................................................................................93 Kemijske analize ..............................................................................................................................................97 Paleoekološke analize ....................................................................................................................................102 Badenij ......................................................................................................................................................106 Profil Šentjernej ..................................................................................................................................106 Sarmatij .....................................................................................................................................................107 Profil Bela Cerkev 1 ...........................................................................................................................107 Profil Bela Cerkev 2 ...........................................................................................................................109 Profil Tunjice ......................................................................................................................................112 Vrtina Si-1/8........................................................................................................................................115 5 DISKUSIJA ..........................................................................................................................................................117 Stratigrafija ......................................................................................................................................................117 Diatomejska bioconacija Centralne Paratetide ......................................................................................119 Silikoflagelatna stratigrafija ......................................................................................................................127 Stratigrafska korelacija raziskanih profilov .............................................................................................130 Paleoekologija ................................................................................................................................................131 Zgornji badenij .........................................................................................................................................131 Spodnji sarmatij ........................................................................................................................................133 Paleobiogeografija ..........................................................................................................................................137 ZAKLJUČKI ........................................................................................................................................................141 ZAHVALE ...........................................................................................................................................................143 LITERATURA ....................................................................................................................................................177 INDEKS RODOVNIH IN VRSTNIH IMEN ..................................................................................................191 TABLE 1–30 ........................................................................................................................................................195