Supplementary Table 1. List of demonstrated beneficiaries. IUCN Red List Island Country Common Scientific Animal status Event Citation Petroica New australis Adele Zealand South Island robin australis Landbird LC reintroduction (1) Branta United Aleutian cackling hutchinsii Agattu States goose leucopareia Landbird LC reintroduction (2) United Evermann's rock Lagopus muta Agattu States ptarmigan evermanni Landbird LC reintroduction (2) United unassisted Ailsa Craig Kingdom Black guillemot Cepphus grylle Seabird LC colonization (3) United Fratercula unassisted Ailsa Craig Kingdom Atlantic puffin arctica Seabird LC recolonization (4) United Oenanthe unassisted Ailsa Craig Kingdom Northern wheatear oenanthe Landbird LC colonization (4) United Tadorna unassisted Ailsa Craig Kingdom Common shelduck tadorna Landbird LC colonization (3) Philesturnus New South Island carunculatus Allports Zealand saddleback carunculatus Landbird NT reintroduction (2) Bettongia Alpha Australia Burrowing bettong lesueur Mammal NT introduction (5) Branta (6; Steve Amchitka United Aleutian cackling hutchinsii unassisted Ebbert, pers. Island States goose leucopareia Landbird LC recolonization comm.) Amukta United Aleutian cackling Branta Landbird LC unassisted (7) IUCN Red List Island Country Common Scientific Animal status Event Citation States goose hutchinsii recolonization leucopareia Sally Amy Poncet, Island/Outer United Cinclodes unassisted unpublished Knob Kingdom Tussacbird antarcticus Landbird LC recolonization data Sally Amy Poncet, Island/Outer United unpublished Knob Kingdom Sooty shearwater Puffinus griseus Seabird NT recovery data United Ptychoramphus unassisted Anacapa East States Cassin's auklet aleuticus Seabird LC recolonization (8) United Synthliboramph Anacapa East States Scripps' murrelet us scrippsi Seabird VU recovery (9) United Oceanodroma unassisted Anacapa West States Ashy storm-petrel homochroa Seabird EN colonization (10) New Yellowhead Mohoua Anchor Zealand (Mohua) ochrocephala Landbird EN reintroduction (1, 2) Petroica New australis Anchor Zealand South Island robin australis Landbird LC reintroduction (1, 2) Philesturnus New South Island carunculatus Anchor Zealand saddleback carunculatus Landbird NT reintroduction (1, 2) New Strigops Anchor Zealand Kakapo habroptilus Landbird CR reintroduction (1, 2) IUCN Red List Island Country Common Scientific Animal status Event Citation (11); Gérard Rocamora, Ailuronyx unpublished Anonyme Seychelles Bronze-eyed gecko seychellensis Reptile LC recovery data (11); Gérard Rocamora, Nectarinia unpublished Anonyme Seychelles Seychelles sunbird dussumieri Landbird LC recovery data (11); Gérard Not Rocamora, Trachylepis assesse unpublished Anonyme Seychelles Seychelles skink sechellensis Reptile d recovery data New Placostylus Invertebra Aorangi Zealand Flax snail hongii te VU reintroduction (12) Acrocephalus Aride Seychelles Seychelles warbler sechellensis Landbird VU reintroduction (2) Seychelles magpie- Copsychus Aride Seychelles robin sechellarum Landbird EN reintroduction (2) Foudia Aride Seychelles Seychelles fody sechellarum Landbird NT reintroduction (2) (11); Gérard Pelusios Rocamora, subniger unpublished Aride Island Seychelles Black mud terrapin parietalis Reptile LC reintroduction data United unassisted Ascension Kingdom Brown noddy Anous stolidus Seabird LC recolonization (13) IUCN Red List Island Country Common Scientific Animal status Event Citation United Ascension unassisted Ascension Kingdom frigatebird Fregata aquila Seabird VU recolonization (14) United Onychoprion Ascension Kingdom Sooty tern fuscatus Seabird LC recovery (15) United Red-billed Phaethon unassisted Ascension Kingdom tropicbird aethereus Seabird LC recolonization (13) United White-tailed Phaethon unassisted Ascension Kingdom tropicbird lepturus Seabird LC recolonization (13) United unassisted Ascension Kingdom Masked booby Sula dactylatra Seabird LC recolonization (13, 16) United Sula unassisted Ascension Kingdom Brown booby leucogaster Seabird LC recolonization (13, 16) Pelecanus unassisted Asunción Mexico Brown pelican occidentalis Seabird LC recolonization (16) Ptychoramphus unassisted Asunción Mexico Cassin's auklet aleuticus Seabird LC recolonization (16) Harry Carter, pers. Synthliboramph unassisted comm.; Asunción Mexico Craveri's murrelet us craveri Seabird VU recolonization (17) Branta United Aleutian cackling hutchinsii unassisted Attu States goose leucopareia Landbird LC recolonization (18) United Fulmaris unassisted Attu States Northern fulmar glacialis Seabird LC recolonization (18, 19) Baker United Brown noddy Anous stolidus Seabird LC unassisted (20) IUCN Red List Island Country Common Scientific Animal status Event Citation States recolonization United unassisted Baker States Lesser frigatebird Fregata ariel Seabird LC recolonization (20) United unassisted Baker States Great frigatebird Fregata minor Seabird LC recolonization (20) United unassisted Baker States White tern Gygis alba Seabird LC recolonization (20) United Onychoprion unassisted Baker States Sooty tern fuscatus Seabird LC recolonization (20) United Onychoprion unassisted Baker States Gray-backed tern lunatus Seabird LC recolonization (20) United Red-tailed Phaethon unassisted Baker States tropicbird rubricauda Seabird LC recolonization (20) United Procelsterna unassisted Baker States Blue noddy cerulea Seabird LC recolonization (20) United Wedge-tailed Puffinus unassisted Baker States shearwater pacificus Seabird LC colonization (20) United unassisted Baker States Masked booby Sula dactylatra Seabird LC recolonization (20) United Sula unassisted Baker States Brown booby leucogaster Seabird LC recolonization (20) United unassisted Baker States Red-footed booby Sula sula Seabird LC recolonization (20) Philesturnus New South Island carunculatus Big Moggy Zealand saddleback carunculatus Landbird NT reintroduction (1) IUCN Red List Island Country Common Scientific Animal status Event Citation Sally Poncet, Big Samuel United Cinclodes unassisted unpublished Island Kingdom Tussacbird antarcticus Landbird LC recolonization data Sally Big Samuel Poncet, southwest United Cinclodes unassisted unpublished islet Kingdom Tussacbird antarcticus Landbird LC recolonization data Philesturnus Big South New South Island carunculatus Cape Zealand saddleback carunculatus Landbird NT reintroduction (1) Sally Poncet, BigShag United unpublished Island Kingdom Sooty shearwater Puffinus griseus Seabird NT recovery data United Glaucous-winged Larus unassisted Bird States gull glaucescens Seabird LC recolonization (7) (11); Gérard Rocamora, Alectroenas unassisted unpublished Bird Island Seychelles Blue pigeon pulcherrima Landbird LC recolonization data Bird Island Seychelles Brown noddy Anous stolidus Seabird LC recovery (21) (11); Gérard Rocamora, Anous unpublished Bird Island Seychelles Lesser noddy tenuirostris Seabird LC recovery data IUCN Red List Island Country Common Scientific Animal status Event Citation (11); Gérard Rocamora, Gallinula unpublished Bird Island Seychelles Moorhen chloropus Landbird LC recovery data (11); Gérard Rocamora, Nectarinia unpublished Bird Island Seychelles Seychelles sunbird dussumieri Landbird LC introduction data (11); Gérard Rocamora, White-tailed Phaethon unpublished Bird Island Seychelles tropicbird lepturus Seabird LC recovery data New Orange-fronted/ Cyanoramphus Blumine Zealand Malherbe's parakeet malherbi Landbird CR reintroduction (1) Philesturnus New South Island carunculatus Blumine Zealand saddleback carunculatus Landbird NT reintroduction (1) Lesser white- Crocidura Bono France toothed shrew suaveolens Mammal LC recovery (22) Bettongia Boodie Australia Burrowing bettong lesueur Mammal NT reintroduction (23) Sally Poncet, United Cinclodes unassisted unpublished Bottom Island Kingdom Tussacbird antarcticus Landbird LC recolonization data Bottom Island United White-chinned Procellaria Seabird VU recovery Sally IUCN Red List Island Country Common Scientific Animal status Event Citation Kingdom petrel aequinoctialis Poncet, unpublished data Sally Poncet, United unpublished Bottom Island Kingdom Sooty shearwater Puffinus griseus Seabird NT recovery data Not New Anagotus Invertebra assesse Breaksea Zealand Flax weevil fairburnii te d reintroduction (24) Not New Hadramphus Invertebra assesse Breaksea Zealand Knobbled weevil stilbocarpae te d reintroduction (24) New Yellowhead Mohoua Breaksea Zealand (Mohua) ochrocephala Landbird EN reintroduction (1, 2) New Oligosoma Breaksea Zealand Fiordland skink acrinasum Reptile NT recovery (25-27) Philesturnus New South Island carunculatus Breaksea Zealand saddleback carunculatus Landbird NT reintroduction (1, 28) United St. Croix ground Buck States lizard Ameiva polops Reptile CR introduction (29) United Eretmochelys Buck States Hawksbill turtle imbricata Reptile CR recovery (30) New White-faced storm- Pelagodroma unassisted Burgess Zealand petrel marina Seabird LC colonization (31) IUCN Red List Island Country Common Scientific Animal status Event Citation New Common diving Pelecanoides unassisted Burgess Zealand petrel urinatrix Seabird LC recolonization (31) New Pterodroma unassisted Burgess Zealand Black-winged petrel nigripennis Seabird LC colonization (31) New Puffinus unassisted Burgess Zealand Little shearwater assimilis Seabird LC recolonization (31) New Campbell Zealand Campbell Island teal Anas nesiotis Landbird EN reintroduction (1) Anthus New novaeseelandia unassisted Campbell Zealand Australasian pipit e Landbird LC recolonization (32-34) New Campbell Island