KEK—90-1 JP9103115 KEK Report 90- 1 April 1990 H Proceedings of the Workshop on Intensity Frontier Physics April 3 and 4, 1989 KEK, Tsukuba, Japan Edited by T. SATO, KEK NATIONAL LABORATORY FOR HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS © National Laboratory for High Energy Physics, 1990 KEK Reports are available from: Technical Information & Library National Laboratory for High Energy Physics 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba-shi Ibaraki-ken, 303 JAPAN Phone: 0298-64-1171 Telex: 3652-534 (Domestic) (0)3652-534 (International) Fax: 0298-64-4604 Cable: KEKOHO Preface The Workshop on Intensity Frontier Physics was held on April 3rd and 4th at KEK. The KAON project ( Kaon, Antiproton, Other hadrons, Neutrino ) has been proposed by TRIUMF. Canada. The JHP ( Japanese Hadron Project ) has been also proposed by INS in Japan. Both projects intend to explore intensity frontiers of science by means of intense hadron beams. The JHP and the KAON are complementary to each other in many aspects, and the constructive collaborations should be very important for both sides. The main purpose of thie workshop was to discuss physics interests, various aspects of new techniques and possible collaborations in these projects. It was attended by about 90 participants including 7 physicists from Canada. There were various discussions on physics, new techniques on accelerators and beamlines, and the possible collaborations. T. Sato, KEK Organizers of the Workshop H. Bando ( Fukui Univ. ), H. Ejiri ( Osaka Univ. ), T. Fukuda ( INS ), D. Gill ( TRIUMF ), P. Kitching ( TRIUMF ), T. Sato ( KEK ) WORKSHOP on INTENSITY FRONTIER PHYSICS JAPAN/CANADA April 3 and 4, 1989 . at KEK (Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan) PROGRAM Session I April 3rd : 9:30 - 10:30 Introduction Chair person H. Ejiri (Osaka Univ.) Introduction to the High Intensity Facilities T. Yamazaki (INS) The Jap anese Hadron Project(JHP) M. Craddock (TRIUMF) The KAON Factory Tea , Coffee and Lunch 10:30 - 12:40 (Tour to KEK Counter Experimental Hall) Session II 12:40 - 14:30 Particle Physics I Discussion Leader Y. Nagashima (Osaka Univ.) 2.1 S. Lim(KEK) K Rare Decays 2.2 J. Ng(TRIUMF) Particle Theory 2.3 D. Bryman (TRIUMF) Particle Physics at the KAON Session III 14:30 - 16:00 Particle Physics II Discussion Leader T. Sato (KEK) 3.1 T. Inagaki (KEK) K -^e Experiment 3.2 N. Sasao (Kyoto Univ.) K -*7i;ee Experiment 3.3 T. Taniguchi (KEK) Fast Electronics Tea and Coffee Break 16:00 - 16:30 Session IV 16:30 - 19:00 Accelerators and Beam Lines Discussion Leader M. Kihara (KEK) 4.1 M.K. Craddock (TRIUMF) The KAON Factory Accelerators 4.2 Y. Kamiya (KEK) JHP Accelerators 4.3 D. Gill (TRIUMF) Exp. Areas and Beam Lines at the KAON 4.4 K.H. Tanaka (KEK) KEK Beam Lines and Intense Beam Handling 4.5 Discussions on the KAON Reception 19:30 - 20:30 Session V April 4th 9:30 - 10:40 Nuclear Physics I Discussion Leader D. Gill (TRIUMF) 5.1 P. Kitching (TRIUMF) Nuclear Physics at the KAON 5.2 T. Fukuda (INS) Nuclear Physics at the JHP K-Arena Tea and Coffee Break 10:40 - 11:00 Session VI 11:00 - 12:40 Nuclear Physics II Discussion Leader H. Toki (Tokyo Metropolitan Univ.) 6.1 H. Bando (Fukui Univ.) Flavor Nuclear Physics Theory 6.2 T. Kishimoto (Osaka Univ.) Strangeness Nuclear Physics 6.3 T. Kobayashi (KEK) Double Charge Exchange reactions Lunch 12:40 - 14:00 Session VII 14:00 - 15:00 Exotics Discussion Leader K. Imai (Kyoto Univ.) 7.1 A. Masaike (Kyoto Univ.) Spin Physics and p Physics 7.2 T. Tsuru (KEK) Experiments on Exotic States 7.3 J. Imazato (KEK) Muon Polarization in KfJ.2 7.4 Y. Yamaguchi (Tokai Univ.) Dynamic CP Violation Tea and Coffee Break 15:00 - 15:20 Session VIII 15:20 - 16:20 Open Discussion on Japan/Canada Collaborations Discussion Leader K. Nakai (KEK) D. Gill (TRIUMF) J. D'Auria (TRIUMF) Y. Nagashima (Osaka Univ.) K. Imai (Kyoto Univ.) Session DC ' 16:20 -17:00 Concluding Remarks Chair person M.K. Craddock (TRIUMF) 9.1 H. Ejiri (Osaka Univ.) 9.2 E. Vogt (TRIUMF) CONTENTS page 1. The TRIUMF KAON Factory - An Overview H. K. Craddock, TRIUHF 1 2. Particle Theory and Intense Hadron J. N. Ng. TRIUMF 9 Facilities - An Overview 3. Particle Physics Prospects for D. Bryman, TRIUHF 21 the KAON Factory 4. The Status of E137 at KEK T. Inagaki, KEK 33 An Experiment to Search for KL — Jte and ee 5. The TRIUMF KAON Factory Accelerators M. K. Craddock, TRIUMF 43 6. Experimental Facilities for KAON D. R. Gill, TRIUMF 52 7. KEK - PS Beam Channels at Present K. H. Tanaka. KEK 64 and New Experimental Halls 8. Nuclear Physics at the KAON Factory P. Kitching. TRIUMF 68 9. Nuclear Physics at the JHP K Arena T. Fukuda, INS 85 10. Weak Decay of A Hypernuclei T. Kishimoto, Osaka Univ. 92 11. Pion-induced Double Charge Exchange T. Kobayashi, KEK 105 Reactions for studying a Soft Giant Dipole Resonance of Light Neutron- Dripline Nuclei 12. Search for Double Hypernuclei and K. Inai, Kyoto Univ. 109 H-Dibaryon 13. Physics with Polarized Hyperons and A. Masaike, Kyoto Univ. 116 Low Energy Antiprotons at KAON Factory 14. Precise Measurement of p.* Polarization J. Imazato, KEK 135 in the Decay of K*-> p. * + v IS. Dynamical CP Violation Y. Yamaguchi, Tokai Univ. 146 IB. From the KEK-PS to the KAON Factory K. Nakai et. al., KEK 148 A Bridge to a New Era of KAON Physics 17. Discussion of Participation D. R. Gili, TRIUMF 159 Possibilities at KEK 18. Radioactive Beams and Intense J.M.D'Auria, Simon Fraser Univ. 163 Pulsed Neutron Beams 19. Intensity Frontier Physics H. Ejiri, Osaka Univ. 174 Particle and Nuclear Physics Frontiers Explored by High Intensity Probes 20. Concluding Remarks E. Vogt, TRIUMF 187 THE TRIUMF KAON FACTORY - AN OVERVIEW M.K. Craddock* TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 2A3 Summary TRIUMF has been awarded $11M for a one-year pre-construction Engineering Design and Impact Study of the KAON Factory. This will enable prototypes of many accelerator components to be built and the design of the accelerators and the layout of the experimental areas to be reviewed. The building and tunnel designs will be finalized, environmental, legal and economic impact studies carried out, and international involvement pursued further. Introduction The TRIUMF Kaon-Antiproton-Otherhadron-Neutrino Factory has been described in full in the original proposal1. The basic aim is to accelerate a 100 /xA beam of pro­ tons to 30 GeV, roughly 100 times more than available at present. This would provide correspondingly more intense - or pure - beams of secondary particles (kaons, pions, muons, antinucleons, hyperons and neutrinos) for particle and nuclear physics studies on the "precision frontier", complementary to the "energy frontier". Major areas of investigation would be • rare decay modes of kaons and hyperons • CP violation • meson and baryon spectroscopy • meson and baryon interactions • neutrino scattering and oscillations • quark structure of nuclei • properties of hypernuclei • K+ and p scattering from nuclei. Experience with the pion factories has already shown how high beam intensities make it possible to explore the "precision frontier" with results complementary to those achievable at the "energy frontier". A notable example was the setting of a lower limit of 380 GeV on the mass of any right-handed W-boson by a muon decay "On leave from Physics Department, University of British Columbia. measurement2 at TRIUMF in 19S2. Others include improved confirmation of muon- electron universality and the first observations of the muonium Lamb shift and of the breakdown of charge symmetry in neutron-proton scattering. For kaon decay Figure 1 illustrates the improved branching ratios attainable for selected channels, pushing up the mass limits on various exotic particles. A Ki-irVe K*-»*» K-lv Ki-T*,0 i-5 - 10 1985 io-*H 2 10"7 A UNDER WAY i- < <9 I0"a J_ 2 K-FACT0RY | 10 "9 -J T < OC 00 10-I0_| THEORY T -II 10 T io-,2H lo"13-. Fig. 1. Branching ratios for selected kaon decay channels showing limits attainable with a KAON Factory. comprehensive justification of the physics case for K factories may be found in the three proposals so far published1'3'"1 and in the proceedings of the recent international conferences at Mainz5, Lake Louise6 and Rockport7. Papers summarizing the physics case are given later in these proceedings by Ng8 (particle physics), Bryman9 (rare decays) and Kitching10 (nuclear physics). To obtain the most up-to-date assessment a number of workshops have been organized by TRIUMF this year on KAON Factory physics topics - and are listed in Table I. Table I. KAON Factory Workshops Topic Location Date Rare Kaon Decays TRIUMF Nov 30-Dec 3 1988 and CP violation Spin Physics TRIUMF Feb 15-16 19S9 Hadron Spectroscopy TRIUMF Feb 20-21 19S9 Neutrino Physics Montreal May 14 1989 Physics at the KAON Factory Bad Honnef, June 7-9 19S9 W. Germany Hypernuclear Physics at the KEK, Japan June 17-18 1989 KAON Factory Spin and Symmetries TRIUMF June 30-Jul 2 1989 Users Workshop TRIUMF July 10-11 19S9 Low Energy Muon Science TRIUMF July 19-21 1989 at Large Accelerators Intense Hadron Sources Turin, Italy Oct 1S-20 1989 and Antiproton Physics Accelerator Design The TRIUMF H~ cyclotron, which routinely delivers 150 /*A beams at 500 MeV, would provide a ready-made and reliable injector. It would be followed by two fast- cycling synchrotrons interleaved with 3 storage rings, as follows: A Accumulator: accumulates cw 450 MeV beam from the cyclotron over 20 ms periods B Booster: 50 Hz synchrotron; accelerates beam to 3 GeV; circumference 214 m C Collector: collects 5 Booster pulses and manipulates longitudinal emit­ tance D Driver: main 10 Hz synchrotron; accelerates beam to 30 GeV; circum­ ference 1072 m E Extender: 30 GeV stretcher ring for slow extraction for coincidence experiments This arrangement allows the B and D rings to run continuous acceleration cycles without flat bottoms or flat tops.