18th May 2012 Britain’s First Smart Grid: Sharing the Knowledge John Scott [email protected] www.dnvkema.com 1 Overview Where & Why… Technical and Commercial context… Operational experience… 2 Orkney An archipelago of some 70 islands of which 20 are inhabited. Population c. 20,000 Where 3 Ring of Brodgar The Place Kirkwall Stromness 4 European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) is a Scottish Government-backed research facility that has installed a wave testing system at Billia Croo on the Orkney Not just windfarms Mainland and a tidal power testing station on the island of Eday. 5 Wind farm with rating in MW 2.7MW Single turbine with rating in MW WESTRAY 9.95MW SANDAY Open 0.9MW point Marine Energy with rating in MW EDAY Fossil Fuel generator ROUSAY Tidal 4MW STRONSAY with rating in MW 0.9MW BURGAR HILL 15.3 MW 2.55 MW Potential Constrained Cable 0.9MW 0.9MW 0.9MW 4.5 MW SHAPINSAY Constrained cable Constrained line 0.9MW KIRKWALL STROMNESS Diesel 15MW 0.9MW Wave 7MW SCORRADALE ST MARYS The 33kV network NORTH HOY 0.85 MW 11kV circuit LYNESS FLOTTA 0.9MW 33kV circuit 2.0 MW Gas 10.5MW 33kV interconnector to Scotland 33/11kV sub station Map by Martin Lee 1992 to 2011 6 Westray Eday Sanday 9.95MW wind 2.7MW wind Sanday Open point Stronsay Rousay Eday 4.0MW 0.9MW wind Tidal Burgar Hill Stronsay 12.5MW wind 0.9MW wind Hammars Hill Stronsay 4.5MW wind Shapinsay 0.9MW wind 2.25MW wind Schematic Stromness 0.9MW wind 7.0MW wave Shapinsay Voltage Regulators Kirkwall 16MW Diesel 0.9MW wind Scorradale St Marys 1.75MW wind Flotta 2.0MW wind Hoy Flotta Oil Terminal 10.5MW Gas Turbines North Hoy Lyness 7 0.9MW wind • The Active Network Management scheme is a The ANM smart grid solution to Orkney network congestion • Conventionally, further generation would have Beyond required a new submarine cable to the mainland BAU • Generation connections beyond traditional ‘firm Background Outcome capacity’ limits have been enabled • Implemented in a commercial environment Context • With close stakeholder engagement 8 • Conventional inter-tripping arrangements enabled 21MW of additional capacity to be BAU connected • A further 20 MW of renewable generation has ANM been enabled by the ANM scheme • Cost of ANM scheme c. £500k Background £££ • Cost of subsea cable reinforcement c. £30m • 5 years from concept to active operation Time 9 • The scheme monitors the network and curtails generation to maintain network security ANM • Fail-safe was the design mantra: for plant, staff, connected consumers and the wider public Design • The controller utilises Programmable Logic PLCs Controllers (PLCs) Technical outline • Decision-making in real time cannot readily be Not provided by SCADA systems SCADA 10 ANM Scheme control point 11 Measurements and Generators 12 • A range of alternatives was considered • Curtailment is on a LIFO basis (Last in First out) LIFO • It is simple and has a ‘feels fair’ quality • The curtailment analysis was accepted by lenders for the commercial investment cases Analysis • Alternatives to LIFO could be explored but there will likely be ‘devil in the detail’ Choices Commercial outline 13 • A place in the LIFO stack is key to generators but is complex where there are many parties Queues • Clear requirements for queue entry needed • Planning consent confirmation and a deposit Entry • Local stakeholders have collaborated with commercial ventures • Hammars Hill Energy Ltd (4.5MW) includes local Engagement share ownership 5 x 900kW Enercon wind turbines Commercial outline 14 • At the time of scheme conception Ofgem operated the Registered Power Zone (RPZ) RPZ incentive arrangements • The RPZ status was considered helpful • It bounded the special arrangements Bounding • Ofgem indicated their support for a simple LIFO arrangement for this project LIFO Regulatory outline 15 • A distinctively new facility for control staff • DNO planning/control room staff early involvement Control Room • Training packages built and delivered by SGS • Fail-safe operation to a stable operating condition Security is important for operator's confidence Its Operation • Loss of BT private wire communication has been the main cause of unnecessary output reductions Events 16 • Generators would like more information about scheme operation in real time Control Room • Is the scheme operating as intended – or is revenue being lost needlessly? Security • When will normal operation be resumed? Its Operation • No malfunctions of the system have been observed Events 17 • Redundancy wise for communications channels • Consider remote IT access for contractors Design • When the scheme goes to fail safe mode, capability for self-restart on resolution is helpful • Pinpoint the failed element where a third party Response provides a key service • Messaging in plain language benefits all parties Learning Points • Induction training is important, with periodic Stakeholders refreshment, especially in community schemes 18 • Opportunities identified to extend the scheme further eg State Estimation, DSM, Storage Extend • Reactive power management of the wind turbines could be incorporated in the control strategy Integrate Development • There is scope to develop the processing architecture (a Java platform perhaps) Platforms 19 KEMA’s summary 20 Break up into Streams • Commercial stream: Remain in Riverside Room • Technical stream : Move to Faraday Room 21 Britain’s First Smart Grid: Sharing the Knowledge Thank you for your attention John Scott www.chilternpower.com +44 7771 975 623 22 www.dnvkema.com .