Institute on Membrane Technology ITM-CNR - Italy Report on Membrane Research, Membrane Production and Membrane Application in China Report prepared in the framework of the Section on Membrane Engineering of the European Federation of Chemical Engineering (EFCE). November 2010 Prof. Enrico Drioli, Dr. Eng. Francesca Macedonio 1 Acknowledgments: The authors (Prof. Enrico Drioli and Dr. Eng. Francesca Macedonio) wish to thank Prof. Xia Huang and Dr. Kang Xiao (from Tsinghua University), Prof. Gao Congjie and Ms. Jia Xu (from Ocean University of China) for their valuable and precious contribution in the preparation of the report. 2 Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES.......................................................................................................................................................... 5 LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................................................................................ 6 1. A SURVEY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA....... 8 1.1 HISTORY OF MEMBRANE DEVELOPMENT ................................................................................................................... 8 1.2 BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF DIFFERENT MEMBRANE PROCESSES ................................................................................... 9 1.2.1 Ion Exchange Membranes and ED................................................................................................................... 9 1.2.2 RO, NF, UF and MF ..................................................................................................................................... 11 1.2.3 Emulsion Liquid Membranes ......................................................................................................................... 17 1.2.4 Dialysis and Artificial Kidney........................................................................................................................ 18 1.2.5 Membranes in Chlor-Alkali Industry ............................................................................................................. 19 1.2.6 Gas Separation Membranes........................................................................................................................... 20 1.2.7 Inorganic Membranes .................................................................................................................................... 21 1.2.8 Pervaporation ................................................................................................................................................ 22 1.2.9 New Membrane Processes ............................................................................................................................. 22 2. APPLICATION OF MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY IN FOOD INDUSTRY ..................................................... 23 2.1 BRIEF INTRODUCTION ON APPLICATIONS OF MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY IN DIFFERENT FOOD INDUSTRIES ............... 23 2.1.1 Application of membrane technology in drinking water, juice and beverage industry .................................. 23 2.1.2 Application of membrane technology in separation and purification of oligosaccharides, in production of propagating oil and low polysaccharide................................................................................................................. 24 2.1.3 Application of membrane technology in beer and wine production............................................................... 26 2.1.4 Application of membrane technology in condiment production..................................................................... 28 2.1.5 Application of membrane technology in oil industry...................................................................................... 28 2.1.6 Application of membrane technology in sugar industry and functional components..................................... 29 2.1.7 Application of membrane technology in glutin production ............................................................................ 29 2.1.8 Further applications of membrane technology .............................................................................................. 29 3. CURRENT SITUATION, DEVELOPMENT AND PROSPECT OF SEAWATER DESALINATION TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA.......................................................................................................................................... 30 3.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................... 30 3.2 TECHNOLOGY OF SEAWATER DESALINATION AND CURRENT SITUATION IN CHINA.................................................. 31 3.3 TORAY – CHINA BLUESTAR TO ESTABLISH WATER TREATMENT JOINT VENTURE IN CHINA (TO NEWLY CONSTRUCT RO MEMBRANE PRODUCTION FACILITIES) (SOURCE: HTTP://WWW.TORAY.COM/NEWS/ECO/NR081125.HTML) ................. 34 3.4 ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND COST OF SEAWATER DESALINATION........................................................................... 34 3.5 CONSTRUCTION SITUATION OF THE KEY DESALINATION PROGRAM DURING THE ‘11TH FIVE YEAR PLAN’............... 37 Key projects in 2008: .............................................................................................................................................. 38 1. Shougang Jingtang Caofeidian project............................................................................................................... 38 2. Xinquan seawater desalination project in Dagang, Tianjin................................................................................ 38 3 3. Tianjin Beijiang power plant 200,000 m /d desalination project........................................................................ 39 3 4. Desalination project of 20,000 m /d, in Liaoning Hongyan river nuclear power plant Co. Ltd......................... 40 5. Zhoushan Liuheng Desalination project ............................................................................................................. 40 The project of seawater item of Zhejiang province:................................................................................................ 41 3.6 HIGH CONCENTRATION BRACKISH WASTE DESALINATION PROJECT IN CANGZHOU CHEMICAL CORPORATION .... 42 3.7 DESALINATION AND CONCENTRATION OF DYE SOLUTION ....................................................................................... 42 3.8 SEWAGE TREATMENT AND REUSE .......................................................................................................................... 42 3.9 APPLICATIONS TO INDUSTRIAL WATER .................................................................................................................. 43 3.10 RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS OF MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND RECLAMATION IN CHINA........................................................................................................................................................................... 43 3.10.1 Research in China........................................................................................................................................ 43 3.10.1.a Chronological distribution of journal papers ........................................................................................... 44 3.10.1.b Research institutes..................................................................................................................................... 44 3.10.1.c Membrane configurations.......................................................................................................................... 45 3.10.1.d Research topics ......................................................................................................................................... 46 3.10.2 Commercial application in China ................................................................................................................ 47 3.10.2.a General examples...................................................................................................................................... 47 3.10.2.b Case studies............................................................................................................................................... 51 Miyun municipal wastewater MBR Plant, Beijing .................................................................................................. 51 3 The MBR wastewater treatment plant of Golden Bridge power plant, Hohhot ...................................................... 52 The MBR wastewater treatment plant in China Petrochemical Co Ltd Jinling Branch, Nanjing........................... 54 3.10.3 Future vision in China.................................................................................................................................. 56 3.10.3.a Challenges................................................................................................................................................. 56 3.10.3.b Future work in promising application fields ............................................................................................. 57 Municipal wastewater reuse.................................................................................................................................... 57 Industrial wastewater treatment and reuse............................................................................................................. 58 Purification