Mechanical behavior of granular material considering particle breakage Yuqi Zhang To cite this version: Yuqi Zhang. Mechanical behavior of granular material considering particle breakage. Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph]. Université de Lorraine, 2018. English. NNT : 2018LORR0041. tel- 01811061 HAL Id: tel-01811061 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01811061 Submitted on 8 Jun 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. AVERTISSEMENT Ce document est le fruit d'un long travail approuvé par le jury de soutenance et mis à disposition de l'ensemble de la communauté universitaire élargie. Il est soumis à la propriété intellectuelle de l'auteur. Ceci implique une obligation de citation et de référencement lors de l’utilisation de ce document. D'autre part, toute contrefaçon, plagiat, reproduction illicite encourt une poursuite pénale. Contact : [email protected] LIENS Code de la Propriété Intellectuelle. articles L 122. 4 Code de la Propriété Intellectuelle. articles L 335.2- L 335.10 http://www.cfcopies.com/V2/leg/leg_droi.php http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/infos-pratiques/droits/protection.htm École doctorale EMMA THÈSE Pour l’obtention du titre de : DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DE LORRAINE Spécialité : ingénierie géotechnique Présentée par : Yuqi ZHANG Comportement mécanique du matériau granulaire en tenant compte de la rupture des particules Thèse soutenue publiquement le janvier 2018 à Metz devant le jury composé de : Pierre-Yves HICHER Professor Ecole Centrale de Nantes, France Rapporteur Luxembourg Institute of Science and Belouettar SALIM DR HDR Rapporteur Technology, Luxembourg Marion MARTINY Professor Université de Lorraine, France Examinateur l’Université Grenoble Alpes UGA, Christophe DANO MCF Examinateur France Chargé de Irstea, Unité de Recherche Nadia BENAHMED Examinateur Recherche RECOVER/Equipe G2DR - FRANCE Jrad MOHAMAD MCF Université de Lorraine, France Invité Ali DAOUADJI Professor INSA Lyon, France Directeur El Mostafa DAYA Professor Université de Lorraine, France Co-Directeur LEM3 - 7 Rue Félix Savart, 57073 Metz Université de Lorraine École doctorale EMMA THESIS To obtain the title of: DOCTOR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF LORRAINE Specialty: geotechnical engineering Presented by : Yuqi ZHANG Mechanical behavior of granular material considering particle breakage Thesis publicly defended on January 2018 in Metz in front of the jury composed of: Pierre-Yves HICHER Professor Ecole Centrale de Nantes, France Rapporteur Luxembourg Institute of Science and Belouettar SALIM DR-HDR Rapporteur Technology, Luxembourg Marion MARTINY Professor Université de Lorraine, France Examinateur l’Université Grenoble Alpes UGA, Christophe DANO MCF Examinateur France Chargé de Irstea, Unité de Recherche Nadia BENAHMED Examinateur Recherche RECOVER/Equipe G2DR - FRANCE Jrad MOHAMAD MCF Université de Lorraine, France Invité Ali DAOUADJI Professor INSA Lyon, France Directeur El Mostafa DAYA Professor Université de Lorraine, France Co-Directeur LEM3 - 7 Rue Félix Savart, 57073 Metz Université de Lorraine Acknowledgements Acknowledgments When this part of a thesis is started, it indicates that my doctoral student stage is coming to the finish line. Thinking back the day in October 2014, I landed in CDG only with a new suitcase. Maybe one month later, the only partner who goes to CDG accompanied with me will be the old suitcase. Three years has passed like a white pony's shadow across a crevice. What’s in exchange is a piece of paper proving this period, and memory of happiness and sorrow, friendliness and loneliness, luckiness and helplessness I would like show my most sincere thankfulness to my supervisor, Prof. Ali DAOUADJI, an extraordinary and meticulous scientist. It is my honor to acquire his guidance and help. He is my guidepost on the road of science. I am particularly grateful to my co-supervisor, Prof. El Mostafa DAYA for all the enthusiastic help and encourage during my doctoral career. I would like to express my appreciation to Jrad MOHAMAD for his help on my experimental and numerical works. I also owe a special debt of gratitude to all the teachers such as BIAN Hanbing, Mahdia HATTAB, YIN Zhenyu, Guillaume BOBIN, MATHIEU Norman who offered advices during my study. I would like to thank the other colleagues in LEM3 who offer me assistance, Jacqueline DECKER, Nathalie KASPRZAK, Anne BLUM, Arlette JACQUIERRE, and Julien OURY. I am indebted to all my friend, CHEN Cai, ZHAO Yajun, WEN Jing, ZHAO Dan, XU Shun, ZENG Ling, GAO Qianfeng, LIU Tao, HUANG Qun, HE Zhongming, XU rui, ZHOU Jialing, YANG Zhengtian, CHEN Xiaolei .... It is difficult to mention all your names here. It is you who shear tears and laughs with me and make this foreign town like home. It is about to leave and I don’t know whether we can meet somewhere and sometime again. I will bless you. I would like give my most special thanks to my parents. Without your infinite, selfless, unconditional support, it is too far today that can’t walk really. Finally, thank you very much to my love, Dongxia. Without your sweet courage from China, I don’t know whether I can insist on. Thank you for walking in my world. i Acknowledgements To my family To Dongxia 13-11-2017 Metz ii Tables of Contents Table of Contents Acknowledgments........................................................................................................... i List of Figures ............................................................................................................... vi List of Tables ................................................................................................................ xi Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter I. Literature Review..................................................................................... 4 I.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 4 I.2. Failure behavior of single particle under compression ................................... 4 I.2.1. Experimental studies on single particle failure behavior ......................... 4 I.2.2. Numerical simulation on single particle crushing behavior .................... 7 I.2.3. The exploration of the inside structure of a particle .............................. 12 I.3. Fabric of packing of granular material .......................................................... 16 I.3.1. Basic quantities of fabric of granular material ....................................... 16 I.3.2. Particle connectivity............................................................................... 17 I.3.3. Contact anisotropy ................................................................................. 21 I.3.4. Factors which influenced the packing process....................................... 22 I.4. Mechanical behavior of multiple particles considering particle failure ........ 26 I.4.1. Factors influencing the mechanical behavior of granular assemblies ... 26 I.4.2. The factors influencing particles crushing ............................................. 30 I.4.3. The influence of particles crushing to the behavior of material ............ 36 I.4.4. Descriptions of mechanical behavior of granular material .................... 37 Chapter II. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Breakage of Single Particle of Porous Material under Uniaxial Compression ........................................... 39 II.1. Introduction ................................................................................................... 39 II.1.1. Research Background ............................................................................ 39 II.1.2. Aim and objectives ................................................................................ 40 II.2. Experimental apparatus and methodologies .................................................. 40 II.2.1. Sample properties................................................................................... 40 II.2.2. Uniaxial compression tests .................................................................... 41 II.2.3. X-Ray Computed Tomography scan ..................................................... 42 II.3. Numerical investigation ................................................................................ 45 II.3.1. Overview of the material model ............................................................ 45 II.3.2. Introduction of the geometry and physical model ................................. 48 iii Tables of Contents II.4. Experimental results and discussions ............................................................ 52 II.4.1. Uniaxial tests .......................................................................................... 52 II.4.2. CT scan analysis .................................................................................... 54 II.5. Numerical results and discussions of Set 1 ................................................... 56 II.5.1. Load-displacement