YEARBOOK of ANTITRUST and REGULATORY STUDIES Volume Editor: ANNA PISZCZ Vol. 2016, 9(14) CENTRE FOR ANTITRUST AND REGULATORY STUDIES University of Warsaw Centre for Antitrust and Regulatory Studies University of Warsaw, Faculty of Management Seventy-fourth Publication of the Publishing Programme The creation of the English-language version of Ministry of Science these publications is financed in the framework and Higher Education of contract No. 768/P-DUN/2016 by the Ministry Republic of Poland of Science and Higher Education committed to activities aimed at the promotion of education. Copyright by Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa 2016 Translator: Ewelina D. Sage Language editor: Ewelina D. Sage (English); Maciej Gac (French) Statistic editor: Prof. Jerzy Wierzbiński Cover: Dariusz Kondefer ISSN 1689-9024 The original (reference) version of the journal is printed. PUBLISHER University of Warsaw Faculty of Management Press PL – 02-678 Warsaw, 1/3 Szturmowa St. Tel. (+48-22) 55-34-164 e-mail: [email protected] www.wz.uw.edu.pl LAYOUT ELIPSA Publishing House PL – 00-189 Warszawa, 15/198 Inflancka St. Tel./Fax (+48-22) 635-03-01; (+48-22) 635-17-85 E-mail: [email protected]; www.elipsa.pl YEARBOOK OF ANTITRUST AND REGULATORY STUDIES VOL. 2016, 9(14) Contents Editorial foreword ............................................................................................ 7 List of acronyms .............................................................................................. 11 GUEST ARTICLE DANIEL BARNHIZER, Contracts and Automation: Exploring the Normativity of Automation in the Context of U.S. Contract Law and E.U. Consumer Protection Directives ............................................... 15 ARTICLES TIHAMÉR TÓTH, The Interaction of Public and Private Enforcement of Competition Law Before and After the EU Directive – a Hungarian Perspective ......................................................................... 43 DOMINIK WOLSKI, The Principle of Liability in Private Antitrust Enforcement in Selected European States in Light of the Implementation of the Damages Directive into the Polish Legal System .......................................................................................................... 69 MACIEJ BERNATT, Effectiveness of Judicial Review in the Polish Competition Law System and the Place for Judicial Deference ........... 97 KSENIIA SMYRNOVA, A Comparative Analysis of the Collective Dominance Definition in Ukrainian and European Law – the Electricity Market Case .............................................................................. 125 VIRÁG BLAZSEK, Competition Law and State Aid for Failing Banks in the EU and its Specific Implications for CEE Member States ......... 145 VOL. 2016, 9(14) 4 CONTENTS MARCIN KRÓL, JAKUB TACZANOWSKI, So Close, So Different – Regional Rail Transport in Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia ................. 159 NATIONAL LEGISLATION & CASE LAW REVIEWS SOLOMON MENABDISHVILI, Merger Control in Georgia – National Legislation and Case Law Review ........................................................... 181 ALEXANDER KOROBEINIKOV, Overview of Kazakhstani New Anti- monopoly Regulation .................................................................................. 195 ANNA PISZCZ, A Note on 2015 Developments in Polish Competition Law: Is it Really a Drive Towards the European Model? ...................... 203 PETR FRISCHMANN, VÁCLAV ŠMEJKAL, 2016 Amendment of the Czech Significant Market Power Act of 2009 ...................................................... 227 PAULINA KORYCIŃSKA-RZĄDCA, Review of the New Polish Model of Abstract Control of Standard Forms of Agreements Concluded with Consumers ........................................................................................... 247 CASE COMMENTS SANDRA MARCO COLINO, What Role for EU Competition Law in Regulated Industries? Reflections on the Judgment of the General Court of 17 December 2015 Orange Polska v European Commission (Case T-486/11) ............... 265 OLGA STEFANOWICZ, Guidance on the Limits for the Use of Restrictive Clauses in Commercial Lease Agreements – Once Again on Restrictions “by Object”. Case Comment to the Preliminary Ruling of the Court of Justice of 26 November 2015 SIA ‘Maxima Latvija’ v Konkurences padome (Case C-345/14) ........................................................................................... 279 BARTOSZ TARGAŃSKI, Antitrust Liability in the Context of Online Platforms. Case Comment to the Preliminary Ruling of the Court of Justice of 21 January 2016 ‘Eturas’ UAB v Lietuvos Respublikos konkurencijos taryba (Case C-74/14) ......................................................... 293 TIHAMÉR TÓTH, Evaluation of Pre-accession State Aid in the Energy Sector. Case Comment to the Judgment of the Court of Justice of 1 October YEARBOOK OF ANTITRUST AND REGULATORY STUDIES CONTENTS 5 2015 Electrabel SA, Dunamenti Erőmű Zrt. v European Commission (Case C-357/14 P) ............................................................................................ 299 BOOKS REVIEWS PIOTR SEMENIUK, Koncepcja jednego organizmu gospodarczego w prawie ochrony konkurencji [The Concept of a Single Economic Unit in Competition Law], University of Warsaw Faculty of Management Press, Warsaw 2015, 325 p. Reviewed by AGATA JURKOWSKA-GOMUŁKA ............................................ 317 REPORTS The Pursuit Before Polish Courts of Actions for Damages Based on Competition Law Infringements. Warsaw, 20 April 2016. Reported by PAULINA KORYCIŃSKA-RZĄDCA ........................................... 321 Third National Conference: Consumer in the Rail Passenger Market. Łódź, 10 May 2016. Reported by KATARZYNA CHOJECKA, MARCIN KRAŚNIEWSKI, TOMASZ MIZIOCH, AGNIESZKA SOBIERAJSKA ............................................ 325 4th Polish-Portuguese PhD Students’ Conference on Competition Law. Białystok, 10 June 2016. Reported by MAGDALENA KNAPP, RADOSŁAW NIWIŃSKI ........................ 335 Special Report on the Centre for Business Law and Practice, University of Leeds. Reported by PETER WHELAN ..................................................................... 338 Articles in YARS 2008–2016 .......................................................................... 341 VOL. 2016, 9(14) Editorial foreword The editorial board is pleased to present the 14th volume of the Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies (YARS 2016, 9(14)). We are honoured to begin this volume with a guest article written by Professor Daniel Barnhizer (Michigan State University College of Law), a contribution which examines one of the big issues of our times – “Contracts and Automation: Exploring the Normativity of Automation in the Context of U.S. Contract Law and E.U. Consumer Protection Directives”. Continuing the tradition set by YARS in 2013, the papers published in the current volume focus not only on the Polish competition law regime, but present also the national competition laws of other CEE countries as well as the Caucasus. In the ‘Articles’ section, the current volume provides an insight into a variety of issues. They relate, first of all, to private enforcement of competition law. It seems that this is the last moment to try to provide de lege ferenda suggestions for EU Member States before the transposition of the Damages Directive (Directive 2014/104/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 November 2014 on certain rules governing actions for damages under national law for infringements of the competition law provisions of the Member States and of the European Union) into their national legislation. What suggestions can be made in this regard to Poland and Hungary? Answers to this question can be found in two articles. The paper written by Dominik Wolski looks at the principle of liability in private antitrust enforcement in selected European states in light of the implementation of the Damages Directive into the Polish legal system. Tihamér Tóth presents the Hungarian perspective on private enforcement and collective redress of EU competition law. Jurisdictional questions, collecting evidence, the interaction of public and private enforcement as well as collective redress prove to be among the most debated issues according to reports from Member States. The current volume contains also a paper on the effectiveness of judicial review in the Polish competition law system (Maciej Bernatt). Is the Polish Ministry of Science The creation of the English-language version of these publications is financed in the framework of contract No. 768/P-DUN/2016 by the and Higher Education Ministry of Science and Higher Education committed to activities aimed Republic of Poland at the promotion of education. VOL. 2016, 9(14) 8 EDITORIAL FOREWORD status quo satisfactory or not? It needs to be noted that this paper considers the permissibility of judicial deference. Worth recommending is the article written by Kseniia Smyrnova which contains a comparative analysis of the collective dominance definition in Ukrainian and European law on the example of the electricity market case. Included in the ‘Articles’ section of this YARS volume is a paper that introduces the issues of competition law and state aid for failing banks in the EU and its specific implications for CEE Member States (Virág Blazsek). Finally, the ‘Articles’ section provides readers with a great opportunity to familiarise themselves with the topic of regional rail transport in Poland, the