GUIDELINES FOR RECORDING HISTORIC SHIPS Third Edition: 2004 HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD HISTORIC AMERICAN LANDSCAPES SURVEY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY FOR HABS/HAER/HALS AND THE USE OF OTHER GUIDELINES The legislative authority of HABS/HAER/HALS is the 1935 Historic Sites Act (Public Law 74-292) and the 1966 National Historic Preservation Act (Public Law 89-665), as amended in 1980 (Public Law 96-515). The guidelines should be used in conjunction with: Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Architectural and Engineering Documentation as published in the Federal Register, Vol. 48, No. 190, Notices, pp. 44730-44734, generally known as HABS/HAER Standards. Recording Historic Structures. John A. Burns, editor. Washington, D.C.: The AIA Press, 1989 HABS/HAER Guidelines: - HABS Historical Reports - HABS/HAER Guidelines: Recording Structures with HABS Measured Drawings (1995) - Historic American Engineering Record Field Instructions (1995) Transmitting HABS/HAER Documentation Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record/Historic American Landscapes Survey, National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior 1849 C Street, NW - 2270 Washington, DC 20240 (202) 354-2167 First edition, September 1988. Second edition, September 1994. Third edition, January 2004. Cover: Inboard Profile Ship BALCLUTHA, San Francisco, California HAER No. CA-54 Reduced from portion of original 3/8" scale drawing delineated by Robbyn L. Jackson and Deborah J. Cooper, 1987. National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior GUIDELINES FOR RECORDING HISTORIC SHIPS RICHARD K. ANDERSON, JR. THIRD EDITION 2004 EDITED BY TODD A. CROTEAU HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD HISTORIC AMERICAN LANDSCAPES SURVEY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WASHINGTON, D.C. CONTENTS Section 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Preface 1.2 Acknowledgements Section 2: HISTORY 2.1 Historical Report Guidelines 2.2 Historical Reports 2.3 General Bibliography 2.4 Case Study Section 3: PHOTOGRAPHY 3.1 Photography Guidelines 3.2 Large-format Photography for Historic Ships 3.3 Preparation of Photographs for Transmittal to the Library of Congress Section 4: MEASURED DRAWINGS 4.1 Measured Drawings Guidelines 4.2 What's Involved 4.3 Field Methods 4.4 Field Notes 4.5 Field Photographs 4.6 Measured Drawings 4.7 Drawing Examples 4.8 References and Resources 4.9 Appendices Section 5: FIELD REPORTS 5.1 What to Consider Section 6: USING THE COLLECTION LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY FOR HABS/HAER/HALS AND THE USE OF OTHER GUIDELINES The legislative authority of HABS/HAER/HALS is the 1935 Historic Sites Act (Public Law 74-292) and the 1966 National Historic Preservation Act (Public Law 89-665), as amended in 1980 (Public Law 96-515). The guidelines should be used in conjunction with: • Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Architectural and Engineering Documentation as published in the Federal Register, Vol. 48, No. 190, Notices, pp. 44730-44734, generally known as HABS/HAER Standards. • Recording Historic Structures. John A. Burns, editor. Washington, D.C.: The AIA Press, 1989 • HABS/HAER Guidelines: - HABS Historical Reports - HABS/HAER Guidelines: Recording Structures with HABS Measured Drawings (1995) - Historic American Engineering Record Field Instructions (1995) Transmitting HABS/HAER Documentation Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record/Historic American Landscapes Survey, National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior 1849 C Street, NW - 2270 Washington, DC 20240 (202) 354-2167 First edition, September 1988. Second edition, September 1994. Third edition, January 2004. Cover: Inboard Profile Ship BALCLUTHA, San Francisco, California HAER No. CA-54 Reduced from portion of original 3/8" scale drawing delineated by Robbyn L. Jackson and Deborah J. Cooper, 1987. National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior GUIDELINES FOR RECORDING HISTORIC SHIPS RICHARD K. ANDERSON, JR. THIRD EDITION 2004 EDITED BY TODD A. CROTEAU HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD HISTORIC AMERICAN LANDSCAPES SURVEY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WASHINGTON, D.C. CONTENTS Section 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Preface 1.2 Acknowledgements Section 2: HISTORY 2.1 Historical Report Guidelines 2.2 Historical Reports 2.3 General Bibliography 2.4 Case Study Section 3: PHOTOGRAPHY 3.1 Photography Guidelines 3.2 Large-format Photography for Historic Ships 3.3 Preparation of Photographs for Transmittal to the Library of Congress Section 4: MEASURED DRAWINGS 4.1 Measured Drawings Guidelines 4.2 What's Involved 4.3 Field Methods 4.4 Field Notes 4.5 Field Photographs 4.6 Measured Drawings 4.7 Drawing Examples 4.8 References and Resources 4.9 Appendices Section 5: FIELD REPORTS 5.1 What to Consider Section 6: USING THE COLLECTION Section 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1.3 Preface PREFACE Background. Nation-wide interest in maritime mandate. A national inventory of preserved history and the preservation or replication of historic vessels over 40 feet long was completed large historic ships has grown substantially in by the National Park Service, with the cooperation of numerous agencies and recent years. It has become apparent that museums. In 1987, the National Register of physical preservation of vessels will not be Historic Places published specific instructions feasible in a large number of cases, and that for nominating vessels to the National Register documentation-- (Bulletin #20: Nominating Historic Vessels and preservation “on paper”--will prove to be the Shipwrecks to the National Register of Historic most reasonable preservation method available. Places). The Historic American Engineering Where physical preservation of a ship is Record produced the Guidelines for Recording undertaken, in most cases detailed Historic Ships in 1988 in accordance with the documentation must be made before established Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Architectural and Engineering stabilization, repairs, or other preservation Documentation. The Museum Small Craft measures can be safely undertaken. Such Association began development of guidelines for documentation is also a form of insurance documentation of historic small craft in 1988; against partial or total loss of a significant vessel Boats: A Manual for Their Documentation was to posterity should some catastrophe occur to the published in 1994 by the American Association vessel itself. for State and Local History. In 1990 the Maritime Preservation Program within the Americans have always held an interest in their National Park Service published the Secretary of maritime history; however, efforts to preserve its the Interior’s Standards for Historic Vessel largest physical expression--the ships--have Preservation Projects and 1990 Inventory of lagged behind preservation of small craft, Large Preserved Historic Vessels. Many of these artifacts, written historical documents, and publications were to form a part of the National folklore, with only a few important exceptions. Trust’s planned Manual for the Documentation Led by the private and public sectors since the of Historic Maritime Resources, which was to 1960s, the national movement to preserve have included guidelines for documenting all historic buildings has encouraged a similar types of maritime-related tangible and intangible movement in maritime history on local and resources. The Department of Maritime national levels. The impetus for the following Preservation in the National Trust was HAER guidelines lies with the Standards disbanded in 1993, and this publication was not Committee of the National Maritime Heritage issued. Task Force which met between September 1982 and December 1983 under the auspices of the The Historic American Engineering Record National Trust for Historic Preservation. The (HAER). The documentation of historic ships HAER guidelines were one of several related has a long history reflecting the influence of documents prepared in response to a 1985 numerous motives, traditions, and important congressional mandate to “inventory maritime individual authorities. The Historic American resources, recommend standards for their Engineering Record was established in the preservation, and recommend private and public National Park Service in 1969 to create a public sector roles for that preservation.” Vigorous record of the United States’ engineering and discussion among American maritime museums, industrial patrimony. It is the companion professionals, interest groups, and the National program to the widely known Historic American Park Service ensued in meeting the goals of this Buildings Survey (HABS), founded in 1933 to record historic architecture in the United States. reproduced for reference in Section 4.9. In order A new sibling to HABS and HAER, the Historic to make the kind and quantity of documentation American Landscapes Survey (HALS) was appropriate to the significance of a vessel, four established in 2000 to focus on documenting levels of effort are outlined in the standards. The designed or evolved landscapes. At its fullest, maritime guidelines presented here interpret the HAER documentation consists of three first three levels of the standards (Levels I - III) components--fully footnoted investigative for use in producing documentation acceptable histories, large-format photography, and detailed to the HAER collection. The