NATO is formed. Foundation Paris The United Nations The People’s Republic Treaty of Rome Moon landing Fall of of the Republic Peace Treaties Spanish Civil War is established of China is proclaimed (EEC is established) Chernobyl the Berlin European Union formed, of Austria First mobile phones Nuclear Accident Wall Maastricht Treaty Fukushima Prague Spring. Nuclear „Brexit“- The League of Anschluss: the annexation The FRG and the GDR Revolutions in Hungary and Poland Worldwide student Ongoing War Arab Spring Accident Referendum Russian Revolution Nations is founded of Austria by Nazi Germany are established protests Oil price shock Soviet-Afghan War Yugoslav Wars in Afghanistan Stock exchange Construction Mussolini’s crash and global Hitler seizes Popular uprising The Warsaw of the Global Civil war Ongoing War First World War March on Rome economic crisis power in Germany Second World War Israel is founded in the GDR Pact is formed Berlin Wall Vietnam War Iran-Iraq War Persian Gulf War Austria entry in the EU Iraq War Financial Crisis in Syria in Ukraine 1917 1915 1918 1981 2011 1914 1961 1919 1991 1977 1974 1975 1957 1973 2017 1947 1922 1970 1952 1979 1923 1924 1928 1955 1935 1953 1933 2015 1985 2013 1938 1992 1929 2018 1988 1954 1934 1995 1956 1965 1945 2014 1936 1984 1993 1939 1986 1968 1989 1948 2016 1920 1964 1994 1996 1966 1969 1949 1950 1930 1980 2001 2010 1960 1990 1940 2007 2003 2008 2004 2009 2000 Incorporation of Incorporation of The Parkbad Civil War Nazi persecution Liberation Neue Galerie LD steelworks officially University of Social and The new syna- The Bruckner- forum metall exhi- Posthof Linz designated Social programme National Socialism in Linz Haupt- Linz: European Centurial Start new St. Peter Kleinmünchen opens begins in Linz from Nazism opens (now commissioned. Bridge Economic Sciences (JKU) gogue opens haus opens bition, Donaupark Linz opens City of Peace of the City of Linz Linz, research project bahnhof Capital of flood Donaubrücke LENTOS) checkpoints close opens Culture 2009 New building Incorporation of Urfahr Consecration The radio station for the Tabak- Installation of a First memorial site for Gusen First memorial site 1st Ars Electronica Festival Austrian nationalisation Theater Design Ars Electronica Musiktheater Opening and Pöstlingberg. First City of the New on Freinberg opens fabrik concentration camp VÖEST’s first blast First memorial The Danube concentration camp opens at Hartheim opens and 1st Linzer Klangwolke crisis (restructuring of Phönix Center Center opens Lentos Kunst- Wissens- Acquisition Linz opens Valie Export Council elections based on Cathedral at Mauthausen furnace is fired up site for Mauthau- floods its banks VÖEST, Chemie Linz) founded opens museum opens turm opens of Tabak- Center universal, equal suffrage sen concentration fabrik Linz museum of camp opens Incorporation of The Nazis’ euthanasia Linz and Urfahr Air pollution control programme Cultural contemporary New building Ebelsberg and programme starts at reunited Development Plan South wing of Linzer history of the Anton St. Magdalena Schloss Hartheim The stadium Schloss opens Bruckner Pri- opens vate Univer- UNESCO City sity opens of Media Arts Memorial sites and exhibitions in Linz and the surrounding area i Tourist Information Schlossmuseum Linz Hauptplatz 1 Memorial site Terminus Lines 1, 2 JKU | Universität Museum of Linz’s History C B contemporary history Places of remembrance in the Old Town Hall for the Nazi period F 18 km 1 Old Town Hall A Schloss Hartheim Mauthausen Hauptplatz 1 Memorial Educational and 22 km D 2 Hauptplatz 27 memorial site 18 km E Former Kraus & Schober department store Gusen Hauptplatz 27 Memorial 3 Nibelungenbrücke 31 Terminus Line 50 Pöstlingberg 4 Former “Jewish School” Altstadt 12 Ebensee Memorial Steyr Jewish Museum of Contemporary History Memorial 5 Linz Higher Provincial Court 87 km 40 km Museumstraße 12 6 Plaque serving as a reminder of Nazi justice in Linz Fadingerstraße 2 32 7 Simon Wiesenthal Jewish Historical Documentation (see also 35) Landstraße 15 Places of remembrance for the Austrian Civil War (1934) 8 Synagogue see introduction Memorial plaque for the Jewish victims of National Socialism in Linz 13 Bethlehemstraße 26 Hotel Schiff Memorial plaque for the Schutzbund victims Landstraße 36 9 Ursulinenhof Lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 50 33 Wehrmacht remand prison 30 19 12 Rudolfstraße Körnerschule Landstraße 31 Terminus Lines 3, 4 Landgutstraße 11 Memorial stone for a soldier killed in action Körnerstraße 9 10 Republic Monument 10 Stone stela erected by the City of Linz 3 20 (see introduction) Eisenhandkreuzung Obere Donaustraße at the level of Flußgasse Memorial plaque for a gendarme killed in action i 29 Eisenhandstraße 43 1 B 11 5 Memorial to C 21 4 2 18 19 Upper Austrian active non-violence 6 Hauptstraße 1–5 Health Insurance Fund Memorial plaque for the Schutzbund members killed in action 8 7 20 Gruberstraße 66 12 21 Bernaschekplatz 9 22 23 13 Diesterwegschule 14 New Cathedral 27 16 23 Khevenhüllerstraße 3 (Mariä-Empfängnis-Dom) 14 15 27 Domplatz/Baumbachstraße 26 Jägermayrhof 24 Memorial plaque for the Schutzbund victims 15 Human Rights Fountain 17 Römerstraße 98 Designation of Friedensplatz as a sign of the commitment to being a City of Peace shown by the City of Linz since 1986 28 Bulgariplatz (see introduction) 25 Memorial site for Anton Bulgari, executed by a Friedensplatz court martial following the Austrian Civil War (1934) Bulgariplatz 1 16 Former police headquarters Mozartstraße 6-10 33 Harbour area Memorial stone for a policeman killed in action 17 Kolpinghaus Saxingerstraße former gestapo regional headquartes in Linz, Lines 1, 2, 3, 4 memorial plaque for the victims killed by the gestapo Hauptbahnhof Langgasse 13 18 Körnerschule Memorial plaque for the murdered Jewish school pupils and their parents Körnerstraße 9 22 Khevenhüller Secondary School 28 Installation commemorating Jewish students Khevenhüllerstraße 1 24 Limoni tunnels Hopfengasse/Limonigasse 25 34 Concentration camp Linz II Line 4 to Traun Roseggerstraße 20 (memorial site) 26 Memorial to Johann Gruber A was an Austrian Roman Catholic priest who was imprisoned in the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp from 1940 until his death in April 1944. Kapuzinerstraße 40a Lines 1, 2 Turmstraße 29 Memorial to the victims in the women’s prison Kaplanhof Nietzschestraße 33 35 30 Former State Women’s Hospital Memorial to the victims of forced abortion and forced sterilisation under National Socialism between Lederergasse 45 und 47 31 Memorial to Ferdinand Markl Ferdinand Markl was installed as the mayor of Urfahr from the Soviet occupation Urnenhainweg 8, near the old crematorium 32 Shipyard area 37 Memorial stone for resistance fighters (see introduction) Hafenstraße 61 34 Wagner-Jauregg Provincial Neuropsychiatric Clinic Former Niedernhart Provincial Psychiatric Hospital Memorial plaque for the mentally ill and disabled 36 persons murdered during National Socialism in Schloss Hartheim and Niedernhart Wagner-Jauregg-Weg 15 35 Terminus Line 2 Siedlung Bindermichl Solar City Hatschekstraße – Am Bindermichl – Uhlandgasse – Ramsauerstraße 36 Wegscheid DP Camp Landwiedstraße at the level of Kaplitzstraße 37 Concentration camps Linz I and III Memorial sites Memorial stone for the victims of the subcamps Linz I and III voestalpine site, Lunzerstraße 38 Schörgenhub former Gestapo camp Terminus Line 1 Schörgenhub labour education camp Auwiesen Corner between Siemensstraße and Daimlerstraße More memorial sites: 38 www.linz.at/archiv/denkmall LEGAL NOTICE: Published by Tourismusverband Linz in cooperation with the Archives of the City of Linz and Linz Kultur | Concept and texts: Maria Altrichter, Markus Altrichter, Cornelia Daurer, Barbara Infanger, Martin Krenn, Evelyn Bamberger, Walter Schuster, Georg Steiner, Julius Stieber | Translated by Mag. Otmar Binder and translingua | Photos: Archives of the City of Linz, BMI/Photo archive of KZ-Gedenkstätte Mauthausen – Stephan Matyus, Barbara Infanger, LGSH, NORDICO Stadtmuseum Linz, OÖ Landesmus een, Tourismusverband Linz, voestalpine Stahlwelt | Map: IKT – Stadt Linz | Graphics: Ulrich Schueler | Druck: Friedrich VDV, Linz Information correct as of December 2018 Hospital, which specialised in Nazi euthanasia, and in the three The First Republic and the subcamps of Mauthausen. Even the Nazis’ seemingly beneficial measures for their “national comrades”, such as housing and so- Civil War cial welfare, – involved the expropriation of fellow citizens and The collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy and the birth of the democratic First increasingly also the exploitation of countries conquered and Republic in 1918 constituted the first great political upheaval of the 20th century. occupied by the Wehrmacht. The introduction of universal, equal suffrage by secret ballot ended years of Ger- man Nationalist dominance and made the Social Democrats the most powerful Contemporary history in Linz party in Linz. Existing ideological conflicts were further exacerbated by the activi- Post-war era ties of paramilitary groups, the Heimwehr on one side and the Republikanischer A divided city from 1945 to 1955, with the Danube acting as the The first half of the 20th century was a time of massive historical change in Linz; it is also the period Schutzbund on the other. The democratic First Republic ended in February 1934 demarcation line between the Soviet and the U.S. occupation that has shaped in many ways and to different extents the basis on which the city presents itself to its when the flames of civil war spread from Linz to Vienna and beyond. Its succes- zones, Linz was temporarily home to some 40,000 DPs from 25 sor was an authoritarian corporatist state, the Ständestaat, which was not up to different nations. Haphazard growth during the Nazi era and visitors today. The City of Linz has been committed to coming to terms with its more recent past for Hauptplatz, 1910 Burnt-out synagogue, 1938 Food being served at a school, 1946 the challenge posed by the Nazis. wartime bombing raids had turned the baroque city into a city around 25 years now and has devoted a number of publications, symposia and exhibitions to the topic Hauptplatz, 1950s Divided city.