United Nations International Educational, Scientific and Hydrological Cultural Organization Programme Forest Management and the impact on water resources: a review of 13 countries IHP - VIII / Technical document Nº 37 Latin America and the Caribbean United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization International Hydrological Programme International Sediment Initiative Forest management and the impact on water resources: a review of 13 countries EDITORS Pablo A. Garcia-Chevesich, Daniel G. Neary, David F. Scott, Richard G. Benyon, Teresa Reyna. Published in 2017 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France and UNESCO Regional Office for Sciences for Latin America and the Caribbean – UNESCO Montevideo © UNESCO 2017 ISBN 978-92-3-100216-8 This publication is available in Open Access under the Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/). By using the content of this publication, the users accept to be bound by the terms of use of the UNESCO Open Access Repository (http://www.unesco.org/ open-access/terms-use-ccbysa-en). The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The ideas and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors; they are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. Cover photo: CC0 License Graphic design: Leonardo Alvarez de Ron Cover design: María Noel Pereyra Typeset: Pablo García Chevesich Edition: Miguel Doria, Soledad Benítez, Joaquín Jafif and Tatiana Másmela Table of Contents Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................. 6 Executive summary ................................................................................................................. 7 Chapter 1. Forest Management and Water in Argentina ....................................................... 11 1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 11 1.2 Literature review .............................................................................................................. 14 1.3 Politics ............................................................................................................................. 18 1.4 Climate change and the future of forestry & forest research ........................................... 18 1.5 References ...................................................................................................................... 19 Chapter 2. Forest Management and Water in Australia ........................................................ 21 2.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 21 2.2 Literature review .............................................................................................................. 25 2.3 Politics ............................................................................................................................. 28 2.4 Climate change and the future of forestry & forest research ........................................... 29 2.5 References ...................................................................................................................... 29 Chapter 3. Forest Management and Water in Brazil .............................................................. 33 3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 33 3.2 Literature review .............................................................................................................. 36 3.3 Politics ............................................................................................................................. 38 3.4 Climate change and the future of forestry & forest research ........................................... 40 3.5 Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................... 41 3.6 References ...................................................................................................................... 41 Chapter 4. Forest Management and Water in Chile ............................................................... 45 4.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 45 4.2 Literature review .............................................................................................................. 47 4.3 Politics ............................................................................................................................. 51 4.4 Climate change and the future of forestry & forest research ........................................... 51 4.5 Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................... 52 4.6 References ...................................................................................................................... 52 3 Chapter 5. Forest Management and Water in China ............................................................. 55 5.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 55 5.2 Literature review ............................................................................................................. 56 5.3 Politics ............................................................................................................................. 60 5.4 Climate change and the future of forestry & forest research .......................................... 62 5.5 Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... 63 5.6 References ...................................................................................................................... 63 Chapter 6. Forest Management and Water in the Democratic Republic of Congo ............ 67 6.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 67 6.2 Literature review ............................................................................................................. 68 6.3 Politics ............................................................................................................................. 74 6.4 Climate change and the future of forestry & forest research .......................................... 75 6.5 References ...................................................................................................................... 81 Chapter 7. Forest Management and Water in India ............................................................... 87 7.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 87 7.2 Literature review ............................................................................................................. 88 7.3 Politics ............................................................................................................................. 97 7.4 Climate change and the future of forestry & forest research .......................................... 98 7.5 Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... 101 7.6 References ...................................................................................................................... 101 Chapter 8. Forest Management and Water in Malaysia ........................................................ 105 8.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 105 8.2 Literature review ............................................................................................................. 110 8.3 Politics ............................................................................................................................. 115 8.4 Climate change and the future of forestry & forest research .......................................... 119 8.5 Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... 124 8.6 References ...................................................................................................................... 125 Chapter 9. Forest Management and Water in Peru ............................................................... 129 9.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 129 9.2 Literature review ............................................................................................................. 136 9.3 Politics ............................................................................................................................. 138 9.4 Climate change and the future of forestry & forest research