DOCUMENT RESUME ED 316 492 SO 020 691 AUTHOR Beach, Waldo, Ed. TITLE Church, State and Education. Volume IV. Church, State and the First Amendment: A North Carolina Dialogue. INSTITUTION North Carolina Univ., Chapel Hill, Program in the Humanities and Human Values. SPONS AGENCY National Endowment for the Humanities (NFAH), Washington, D.C. PUB DATE 85 NOTE 85p. AVAILABLE FROMChurch, State and the First Amendment: A North Carolina Dialogue, 209 Abernethy Hall, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514. PUB TYPE Information Analyses (070) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC04 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Academic Freedom; Civil Liberties; *Constitutional Law; Court Litigation; Creationism; Ethics; *Government School Relationship; Humanism; Politics of Education; *Religion; *Religious Factors; School Prayer; *State Church Separation IDENTIFIERS *First Amendment ABSTRACT This anthology is one of four collections of background readings on church-state issues that comprise "Church, State and the First Amendment: A North Carolina Dialogue." These anthologies are designed to provide primary materials through which North Carolinians can better understand the religion clause of the First Amendment. Volume 4 of the series includes readings Oh the school prayer controversy, the creationism-evolution debate, the "humanism"-in-the-schools dispute, and government regulation of religious schools. There are seven chapters, each with an introduction and a number of readings, followed by questions for discussion. A 14-item billiography is included. (AS) ********W11***A**Ar************A,A****YA*A***,1%***A****xx*AA*****VrX**3t Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. **************1%***r*y******,;*******It***A***************A************AA* CrcSt(1111! to do edited by U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATtON Waldo Beach °erne nt Worst/ma; Amerceand tenrpownsani EDUCATIONAL RESOURCESIPCORMATiON CENTER IERIC) Tf115 Oocument has beenrtrOvaduCed 43 ?4,C4,v4C1 /fern me Pe/Son or organtantIOn ortgAnat.nw 0 'Amor changes harebeen matte to improve reproduCts0r1 Qualay POMtt 0 "newer OPin,onS suitedon Inoll IOC ant do not necessarilyrepresent orht,al 'R; positron or pot,,y "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTEDBY 5. D/dive 51516,SO-t) TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." CHURCH, STATE and the FIRST AMENDMENT: 111111111111 A North Carolina Dialogue BEST COPY AVAILABLE Sponsored by: The Program in the Humanities and Human Valves of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill under a grant from The National Endowment for the Humanities 2 Church, State and Education edited by Waldo ieach Amendment I Congress shall make no taw respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to peti- tion the government for a redress of grievances. Major funding for CHURCH, STATE AND THE FIRST AMENDMENT: A NORTH CAROLINA DIALOGUE has been provided under a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities. 3 I 6 it AMAMI& ,aSeir66., II i I Copyright ® 1985 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Manufactured in the United States of America 4 CHURCH, STATE AND THE FIRST AMENDMENT: A NORTH CAROLINA DIALOGUE Volume I: Religion and Government in Other Countries Edited by James C. Livingston Professor Livingston teaches in the Departrneta of Religionat the College of William and Mary. The author of Modern Chris- tian Thought: From the Enlightenment to Vatican 11, he recently editedan anthology entitled Religious Thought in the Eighteenth Century. In Religion and Government in Other Countries, Professor Livingstonpresents readings on the role of religion in other societies:the Islamic Republic of Iran, England, France, Germany, the USSR, and Israel. This anthology provides foreignmodels against which we can judge the strengths and the weaknesses of our own constitutional arrangements. Volume II: Religion and Law in American History Edited by John E. Semonche Professor Semonche, a lawyer and historian, teaches American constitutional and legal historyintheDepartment of History at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He istheauthor of Charting the Future: The Supreme Court Responds to a Changing Society. 1890-1920 and Ray Stannard Baker: A Quest for Democracy in Modem America,1870-1918. In Part I of this onthology, Pro- fessor Semonche presents selections which address the historical and philosophical background of the religion clauses.In Part II he presents selections from the major court opinions on the relationship ofreligion and government. Volume Church, State and American Culture Edited by Giles Gunn Professor Gunn is a member of the Department of Religious Studies and the Curriculumin American Studies at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The author ofa number of studies on religion and literature, Professor Gunn recently edited New Whirkl Metaphysics and The Bible and American Arts and Letters. He is also the author of -.'he !rite:pretation of Otherness. In Church, State and American Culture, he presents readings on the tensions between America'sstrong religious heritage and the secularism of her fundamental law. Volume IV: Church, State and Education Edited by Waldo Beach Professor Beach teaches in the Divinity School of Duke University. Among his publicationsare Christian Community and Ameri- can Society, The Wheel and the Cross: A Christian Response to the Technological Revolution, and The Christian Life. In this anthology, he includes readings on the school prayer controversy, the creationism-evolution debate, the liumanisain-the-Khools dispute, and government regulation of religious schools. These anthologies are available for use in communityprograms sponsored by non-profit organizations.To obtain copies, con- tact CHURCH, STATE AND THE FIRST AMENDMENT A NORTH CAROLINA DIALOGUE, 209 Abernethy Hall, Univer- sity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514. North Carolina Dialogue Advisory Committee James CI Abrahamson, Pastor John V. Orth, Associate Professor of Law Chapel Hill Bible Church University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill James Bond, Profescor of Law J. Dickson Phillips, Jr., Judge Wake Forest Unirersity U.S. Court tif Appeals for the Fourth Circuit David Bowman, Pastor Gerald J. Postema, Associate Professor of Philosophy First Presbyterian Church University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Rocky Mount, NC Walter F. Pratt, Jr., Associate Prof,:ssor of Law Peter Fish, Professor of Poliical Science Duke University Duke University Prezell Robinson, President Edward G. Holley, Dean St. Augustine's College School of Library Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill A. C. Snow, Editor The Raleigh Times Pamela S. Mayer, Superintendent Chapel Hill-Carrboro School System Arnold S. Task, Rabbi lemple Emanuel Warren A. Notd, Director Orrensbom, NC Program in the Humanities and Human Values University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Grant Wacker, Assistant Professor of Religious Studies University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Project Director Diane Sasson Program in the Humanities and Human Vdues University of North Carolina at Chapel I till 6 Preface Throughout the 1.984 national election a debate raged over the proper relationship between dairch and state inthis. (-MUM* News magazines devoted cover stories to the topic. Talkshows featured prominent religious leaders, prditicians, and civil libertarians who offered their opinions on issues ranging from school prayer to the nuclear freeze. In nationally televised debates President Ron- ald Reagan and former Vice President Walter Mondale confronted questions about their ptomal religious beliefs and how these beliefs might affect their decisions in public office. Concerned clrgymen signed a statement warning of the dangers of "Armageddon theology." Emotions ran high and disagreements were sharp. Although the l984 election is past, Americans continue to struggle with the proper tole of religion in politics, education, and culture. Yet d.opite the quantity of discussion, the quality of the debate is often not of the caliber we would wish. Too often we talk past each other; too often we fail to listen to what others say. Because in a pluralistic society we Americans are divided by basic and frequentle unnoticed assumptions about religion, the glurposes of the states and the principles of constitutional law, we frequently fail to re, ognize ttie underlying reasons for our disagreements. CHURCH, STATE AND THE FIRST AMENDMENT A NORTH CAROLINA DIALOGUE seeks to provide citizens of the state with opportunities to examine closely the meaning of the two religion clauses of Ole First Amendment. Through public forums and debates, community programs, study groups, and radio and television documentaries, this pmject encourages North Carolinians to place church-state issues into broader historical, religious and philosophical cc itexts, and to gain a wider perspective on the separation of church and state in America by comparing it with the relationship between religion and g other countries. This anthology is one of four collections of background readings on church -state issues designed to provide primary materials through which North Carolinians can better understand the religion clauses the First Amendment. Each anthology has been edited by an acknowledged scholar. With insight into the complexities of the topic and fairness to divergent points of