TABLE OF CONTENTS • Game Engines • Rendering • Collision Detection • Physics GETTING STARTED WITH • Artificial Intelligence VIDEOGAME DEVELOPMENT • Scripting JUNIOR ROJAS • Game Editors GRUPO AVATAR PUCP • Building a game in Unity GAME ENGINES GAME ENGINES • Reusability • Data-driven architecture Game • Genre-specific? General-purpose? Game assets (graphics, sounds, scripts, etc.) Game engine Game Engine Architecture, Jason Gregory (2009) RENDERING RENDERING • Low-level APIs: OpenGL, Direct3D • Movie-quality rendering in real-time. • High-level APIs: Ogre3D, Flash display list, Panda3D scene graph, Unity scenes, etc. The Butterfly Effect Panda 3D Manual: Cheat Sheets www. unity3d.com/promo/butterfly www.panda3d.org/manual/index.php/Cheat_Sheets 1 COLLISION DETECTION COLLISION DETECTION • Often found as part of physics engines • Bounding Volumes: • Real-time processing • AABB • Discrete vs Continuous • OBB Quadtree • Spheres • Spatial partitioning: • Uniform grids Tunneling • BSPs • Quadtrees • Octrees • kd-trees Game Engine Architecture, Jason Gregory (2009) Game Engine Architecture, Jason Gregory (2009) PHYSICS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Ragdoll simulation with Box2D • Classical mechanics • NPCs, playable characters • Rigid bodies, joints, ragdolls • Finite-state machines Warcraft III, Blizzard • Box2D, Nape • Pathfinding • ODE, Bullet, Havok, PhysX • Character Controllers Unity’s Character Controller ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SCRIPTING • A* algorithm • Game-specific rules • Data structures for pathfinding Navigation Mesh with A* • Avoid recompiling the whole engine • Navigation meshes Pathfinding Project for Unity • Unity: • Waypoints / point graphs • Mono: C#, UnityScript, Boo • Grid Graphs • Path smoothing A* Pathfinding Project http://arongranberg.com/astar/ 2 GAME EDITORS UNITY • Cross-platform 3D game engine • 2D is also possible • PhysX • Mono: C#, UnityScript, Boo • Scene editor • Supports many standard asset formats 3 .