ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES REVITALIZATION OF ETHIOPIA-TURKEY RELATIONS IN THE ERA OF GLOBALIZATION (2002-2015) By NAGAYO MAMO JARA ADDIS ABABA JUNE 2015 REVITALIZATION OF ETHIOPIA-TURKEY RELATIONS IN THE ERA OF GLOBALIZATION (2002-2015) BY NAGAYO MAMO JARA A THESIS SUBMITTED TO SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES OF ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE RE- QUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTERS OF ARTS IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ADVISOR PROF. V.K. PADMANABHAN ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ADDIS ABABA JUNE 2015 ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES REVITALIZATION OF ETHIOPIA-TURKEY RELATIONS IN THE ERA OF GLOBALIZATION (2002-2015) BY NAGAYO MAMO JARA COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCI- ENCE AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS APPROVED BY BOARD OF EXAMINERS ____________________ __________________ ________________ ADVISOR SIGNATURE DATE _________________ __________________ _______________ EXAMINER SIGNATURE DATE _________________ ________________ _______________ EXAMINER SIGNATURE DATE Table of Contents page Lists of Figures .......................................................................................................................... iii Lists of Tables ............................................................................................................................ iii Acronyms................................................................................................................................... iv Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... vi Abstract .................................................................................................................................... vii Chapter One ............................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1. Background of the Study..................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Problem Statement............................................................................................................ 3 1.3. Core Argument................................................................................................................... 4 1.4. Research Objectives ........................................................................................................... 5 1.4.1. General Objective ........................................................................................................ 5 1.4.2. Specific Objectives....................................................................................................... 5 1.5. Research Questions ............................................................................................................ 5 1.5.1. General Research Question ........................................................................................... 5 1.5.2. Specific Research Questions ......................................................................................... 5 1.6. Methodology and Methods of the study ............................................................................... 5 1.7. Study Area ......................................................................................................................... 7 1.8. Scope of the Study.............................................................................................................. 8 1.9. Significance of the Study .................................................................................................... 8 1.10. Limitations of the Study .................................................................................................... 9 1.11. Organization of the Thesis................................................................................................. 9 Chapter Two............................................................................................................................. 10 Review of Literature ................................................................................................................. 10 2.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 10 2.2. Sub-Sahara-Africa-Turkey Relations ................................................................................. 10 2.3. An Over view of Ethiopia-Turkey Relations ....................................................................... 13 2.4. Theoretical Perspectives ................................................................................................... 18 2.4.1. Neo Liberalism .......................................................................................................... 19 2.4.2. Constructivism ........................................................................................................... 20 2.4.3. Neo Realism .............................................................................................................. 21 2.5. Conceptual Perspective ..................................................................................................... 23 Chapter Three .......................................................................................................................... 25 Contextual Indicators of Ethiopia-Turkey Relations................................................................. 25 i 3.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 25 3.2. Ethiopia-Turkey Historical Relations.............................................................................. 25 3.3. Globalization and Ethiopia-Turkey Relations .................................................................. 30 3.4. Domestic and Foreign Policy Environments.................................................................... 32 3.5. Indicators of Ethiopia-Turkey Relations ......................................................................... 38 Chapter Four ............................................................................................................................ 41 Economic Relations................................................................................................................... 41 4.1. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 41 4.2. Legal and Institutional Frameworks of Trade and Investment Partnership ......................... 41 4.3. Trade Relations............................................................................................................. 48 4.4. Investment Relations ..................................................................................................... 56 4.5. Development Finance.................................................................................................... 66 4.6. Challenges and Prospects of Trade and Investment Partnership ........................................ 69 Chapter Five ............................................................................................................................. 74 Political Relations ..................................................................................................................... 74 5.1. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 74 5.2. Legal and Institutional Frameworks ............................................................................... 74 5.3. Diplomatic Relations..................................................................................................... 83 5.4. Military Cooperation ..................................................................................................... 93 Chapter Six ............................................................................................................................... 97 Social Relations......................................................................................................................... 97 6.1. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 97 6.2. Legal Frameworks ........................................................................................................ 97 6.3. Education ..................................................................................................................... 99 6.4. Health .........................................................................................................................105 6.5. Tourism.......................................................................................................................106 6.6. Culture, Science and Technology, Mass Media and Youth and Sport ...............................107 Chapter Seven ........................................................................................................................ 113 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 113 End Notes ..............................................................................................................................