DRAFT PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR PREB’S MARKET PLACE PHARMACY Bethel, Maine CERCLIS NO. MEN000103205 PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT Region I 8(a) Superfund Technical Assessment and Response Team Prepared for: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region I Office of Site Remediation and Restoration Boston, MA 02109-3912 Submitted by: Maine Dept. of Environmental Protection 17 State House Station Augusta, ME 04330 March 30, 2021 Reviewed and Approved: Martha Bosworth, EPA SAM Date Site Manager March 30, 2021 Holliday Keen, ME DEP Date Project Manager Table of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 1 2.0 SITE DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................... 1 3.0 OPERATIONAL AND REGULATORY HISTORY AND WASTE CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................................................................ 3 4.0 GROUNDWATER MIGRATION PATHWAY .......................................................... 6 6.0 SURFACE WATER MIGRATION PATHWAY ......................................................... 8 7.0 SOIL EXPOSURE PATHWAY .............................................................................. 10 8.0 AIR MIGRATION PATHWAY .............................................................................. 10 9.0 SUMMARY & CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................ 11 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................ 12 LIST OF ATTACHMENTS Attachment ID No. Title Attachment A Phase I ESA by Acorn Engineering Attachment B MEDEP Results Letter & Analytical Data LIST OF FIGURES Figure No. Title Page Figure 1 Site Location Map 2 Figure 2 Site Map 4 Figure 3 Conceptual Site Model 5 Figure 4 15-mile Surface Water Pathway 8 LIST OF TABLES Table No. Title Page Table 1 Source Evaluation 4 Table 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity 5 Table 3 Surface Water 15-Mile Downstream Pathway 6 Table 4 Drinking Water Population Within 4-Radial Miles 6 Table 5 Surface Waters on the 15 mile Downstream Path 10 Table 6 Estimated Population within 4 Radial Miles 11 Preb’s Market Place Pharmacy MEN000103205 ii March 2021 1.0 INTRODUCTION The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requested that the Maine Department of Environmental Protection (MEDEP) perform a Preliminary Assessment (PA) of the PREB’S MARKET PLACE PHARMACY property, located in BETHEL, MAIN. This work was performed under Contract No. EP-S1-11-03. Tasks were conducted in accordance with the PA scope of work provided by EPA. A Site Discovery (SD) report for the PREB’S MARKET PLACE PHARMACY was prepared by MEDEP on OCTOBER 3, 2019. On the basis of the information provided in the SD report, the PREB’S MARKET PLACE PHARMACY PA was initiated. Background information used in the generation of this report was obtained through file searches conducted at EPA, ME DEP, telephone interviews with town officials, conversations with persons knowledgeable of the PREB’S MARKET PLACE PHARMACY, and conversations with other Federal, State, and local agencies. This report follows the guidelines developed under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), as amended, commonly referred to as Superfund. However, these documents do not necessarily fulfill the requirements of other EPA Region I regulations such as those under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) or other Federal, State, or local regulations. PAs are intended to provide a preliminary screening of sites to facilitate EPA Region I’s assignment of site priorities. They are limited efforts and are not intended to supersede more detailed investigations. 2.0 SITE DESCRIPTION The approximately 0.15-acre Site is listed as 14 Main Street in the Bethel, Maine Assessor’s database. The Site is located in a mixed-use area and occupied by one multi-unit, multi-story structure. MEDEP records (including collected data, and/or other lines of evidence) indicate that the Site may have had historic operations of dry- cleaning activities, and therefore may pose a risk to public health and the environment. The lot across Main Street to the east (19 Main Street) is a municipal building occupied by town hall; to the west (15 Church Street) is performance space; to the south (2 Main Street) is a commercial building, and to the north (22 Main Street) is a residential building. Based on review of several sources of historical information the Site has been developed since at least the early 1890s. Preb’s Market Place Pharmacy MEN000103205 1 March 2021 Figure 1 Site Locus Preb’s Market Place Pharmacy MEN000103205 2 March 2021 3.0 OPERATIONAL AND REGULATORY HISTORY AND WASTE CHARACTERISTICS The Site is located on 14 Main Street in a mixed-use area. Based on review of several sources of historical information the Site has been developed since at least the early 1900s. The Town of Bethel tax map for the Site is included in Appendix A. The records search did not identify the Site as an active RCRA generator. The records search did not identify an adjoining property as an active RCRA generator. The records search did not identify the Site as an NLR RCRA generator. The records search did not identify an adjoining property as an NLR RCRA generator. The Site is one of multiple sites throughout Maine that are known to or may have operated as a dry cleaner and may have released PCE and TCE to the environment. Released concentrations of chlorinated solvents, mainly PCE and TCE, in soil or groundwater may impose health risks in indoor air environments. If PCE or other dry cleaning volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were historically released to the environment at the dry cleaner property, vapors could volatilize and migrate from the property along utility corridors and subsequently migrate into neighboring buildings. Chemicals volatilize from impacted soil and or groundwater beneath a building and diffuse toward regions of lower chemical concentration (like the ambient atmosphere, utility conduits, or basements). Soil gas can flow into a building due to several factors, including barometric pressure changes (advection), wind load, thermal currents, temperature changes, or depressurization from building exhaust fans. Figure 3 illustrates the relationships among the elements of the CSM for the Site, including the sources, release mechanisms, pathways, and receptors. Method of Release The specific nature of the potential releases at this site including location, quantity, or release mechanism are unknown at this time. Generally, releases at the dry cleaners occur by spillage, leaking containers, leaking machinery, improper disposal of waste, discharge to leaky public sewers, or condensation from vents. Preb’s Market Place Pharmacy MEN000103205 3 March 2021 Figure 2 Site Plan Preb’s Market Place Pharmacy MEN000103205 4 March 2021 Figure 3: Conceptual Site Model Preb’s Market Place Pharmacy MEN000103205 5 March 2021 Table 1 summarizes structures or areas on the PREB’S MARKET PLACE PHARMACY that are documented or potential sources of contamination, the containment factors associated with each source, and the relative location of each source. Table 1 Source Evaluation for PREB’S MARKET PLACE PHARMACY Source Area Containment Factors Spatial Location Dry Cleaning Machines Unknown Interior of building Dry Cleaning solvents storage Unknown Unknown Table 2 summarizes the types of potentially hazardous substances which have been disposed, used, or stored on the PREB’S MARKET PLACE PHARMACY. Table 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity for PREB’S MARKET PLACE PHARMACY Quantity or Years of Years of Source Area Substance(s) Volume/Area Use/Storage Disposal Dry Cleaning PCE, TCE unkown unkown unkown machines Solvent Storage PCE, TCE unknown unknown unkown Only source areas which contain CERCLA eligible pollutants or contaminants have been listed. 4.0 GROUNDWATER MIGRATION PATHWAY Potential vapor migration and intrusion through utility corridors, and/or vapor intrusion into buildings can result from VOC-contaminated soil or groundwater at the Site. Water supply wells for the Site were not observed. Municipally supplied water is provided in the area of the Site. A fire hydrant was observed to the east of the Site across Main Street. Table 3 summarizes the public groundwater supply sources within 4-radial miles of the PREB’S MARKET PLACE PHARMACY. PREB’S MARKET PLACE PHARMACY MEN000103205 6 March 2021 Table 3 Public Groundwater Supply Sources Within 4-Radial Miles of PREB’S MARKET PLACE PHARMACY Distance/ Source Location Estimated Source Direction from Site Name of Sourcea Population Served Typeb 2-3 miles River View Resort Bethel 64 Bedrock 2-3 miles River View Resort Bethel 64 Treatment plant Hancock 2-3 miles Lumber/Bethel Bethel 35 Bedrock; 81’ Sawmill Pleasant River 3-4 miles Bethel 188 Overburden; 35’ Campground 3-4 miles West Bethel Motel Bethel 40 Bedrock; 195’ 3-4 miles Two Brothers Bethel 25 Bedrock; 693’ Bethel Water 3-4 miles Bethel 1640 Overburden; 38’ District Bethel Water 3-4 miles Bethel 1640 Overburden; 40’ District Bethel Water 3-4 miles Bethel 1640 Overburden; 40’ District Bethel Water 3-4 miles Bethel 1640 Overburden; 36’ District Bethel Water 3-4 miles Bethel 1640 Overburden; 36’ District Riverbend 3-4 miles Bethel 150 Bedrock; 80’ Condominiums Sunday River 3-4 miles Bethel 625 Bedrock; 98’ Brewing Co. a Indicates Town in which well is located. b Overburden, Bedrock,