Towards Adherence to Human Rights and the Right to the City Africa – Latin America - Europe Understanding the Nature, Efficacy & Lessons of Civil Society Strategies for Influencing Policy Habitat International Coalition, 2020 Edition and coordination Álvaro Puertas Habitat International Coalition, General Secretariat (HIC GS) Chapter authors (in alphabetical order) David Hamou Observatori DESC. Drets Econòmics, Socials i Culturals (ODESC) Spain Francis E. Clay Habitat International Coalition, General Secretariat (HIC GS) Africa and Germany Hugo Felzines Association Internationale des Techniciens, Experts et Chercheurs (AITEC) France Magdalena Ferniza Habitat International Coalition Latin America regional office (HIC AL) Argentina, Mexico and Brazil Special acknowledgement to (in alphabetical order) Ana Pastor Asociación Civil Madre Tierra Argentina Enrique Ortiz Habitat International Coalition Latin America regional office (HIC AL) Mexico Evaniza Rodrígues União Nacional por Moradia Popular (UNMP) Brazil Magali Fricaudet Association Internationale des Techniciens, Experts et Chercheurs (AITEC) France Maria Silvia Emanuelli Habitat International Coalition Latin America regional office (HIC AL) Argentina, Mexico and Brazil Translation and proofreading (in alphabetical order) Álvaro Puertas Charlotte Lafitte Irene Fuertes Isabel Pascual Tara Katti Graphic Design and Layout Habitat International Coalition – General Secretariat Reproduction Rights Reproduction of articles in this book is both authorised and encouraged, provided the articles are not modified, that the original edition is cited and that Habitat International Coalition (HIC) is informed. The publication is available online on the HIC website under a Creative Commons license: CC BY NC ND (www.creativecommons.org). Illustrations Except when otherwise mentioned, all images and photographs in this publication belong to HIC and are under a Creative Commons (CC) license. With the support of 2 Towards Adherence to Human Rights and the Right to the City Understanding the Nature, Efficacy & Lessons of Civil Society Strategies for Influencing Policy Africa – Latin America – Europe “This research highlights a small part of the tremendous and ongoing effort of civil society actors to influence public policies in favor of the implementation of human rights related to habitat and the right to the city. It also includes notable synergies between civil society and local governments and will hopefully be an inspiration to replicate strategies and enhance collaborative work. For all of us and for the new generations, it is also an opportunity to rethink our world and influence current curricular lines by substituting competitiveness for collaboration and the profit of a few for the common good while addressing the root causes of inequality and social injustice.” 3 HIC Members, Allies and Reference Centers contributing to this Action Research AFRICA Action Internationale de Developpement Integral (AIDI) Ivory Coast The Centre for Urbanism and Built Environment Studies (CUBES) South Africa Dajopen Waste Management (DWM) Kenya Human Settlements of Zambia (HSZ) Zambia Muungano wa Wanavijiji (MwW) Kenya Shelter and Settlement Alternatives (SSA) Uganda Women in Development and Environment (WorldWIDE Network) Nigeria Zimbabwe People’s Land Rights Movement (ZPLRM) Zimbabwe Abahlali baseMjondolo (AbM) South Africa LATIN AMERICA Habitat International Coalition - Latin America regional office (HIC-AL) Mexico Movimiento Urbano Popular de la Convención Nacional Democrática (MUP-CND) Mexico União Nacional por Moradia Popular (UNMP) Brazil União dos Movimentos de Moradia São Paulo e Interior Brazil Fórum Nacional de Reforma Urbana (FNRU) Brazil Asociación Civil Madre Tierra Argentina Habitar Argentina Argentina Proyecto Habitar Argentina EUROPE Observatori DESC. Drets Econòmics, Socials i Culturals (ODESC) Spain Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca (PAH) Spain Sindicat de Llogaters i Llogateres Spain Association Internationale des Techniciens, Experts et Chercheurs (AITEC) France Droit a Logement (DAL) France Kotti & Co Germany Bizim Kiez Germany Stadt von Unten Germany 4 Table of content Introduction and foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Africa ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 12 Foreword ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 I. Methodology and Analytical Approach ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13 II. Local Habitat Actors ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 16 III. Analysis and Lessons Learned ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 32 Latin America, Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 40 Latin America, Argentina: Law on Fair Access to Habitat ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 40 Introduction. Economic, political and social context ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 40 I. Development of the Legislative Proposal for Fair Access to Habitat in the Province of Buenos Aires ...................................................................................................... 44 II. Law on Fair Access to Habitat in the Province of Buenos Aires ..................................................................................................................................................................... 48 III. Application of the law, progress on fair access to habitat ........................................................................................................................................................................... 49 IV. How to preserve the policies that have been achieved in view of possible changes in administrations .............................................................................................. 52 V. What can be done to build on what has been achieved? .......................................................................................................................................................................... 53 VI. Academic collaboration................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 54 VII. Some conclusions .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 54 Latin America, Mexico: the Mexico City Charter for the Right to the City ........................................................................................................................................................... 56 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 56 I. Background ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 56 II. The process of constructing the Mexico City Charter for the Right to the City ........................................................................................................................................... 61 III. Conclusions .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 70 Latin America, Brazil: Tools to reduce inequalities in the city ................................................................................................................................................................................