Table of Contents OBJECTIVES OF THE CHILD NUTRITION MODULE ................................................................................................................................................. 1 SECTION I: EATING BEHAVIOR ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 DEVELOPING GOOD FOOD HABITS .................................................................................................................................................. 3 CREATING A POSITIVE EATING ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................................................... 4 COMMON QUESTIONS & ANSWERS ................................................................................................................................................. 4 FOOD ISSUES ............................................................................................................................................................................... 5 SECTION II: NUTRITIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................................................................. 9 WHAT FOODS SHOULD A CHILD EAT DAILY? ..................................................................................................................................... 9 A WORD ABOUT SERVING SIZES ...................................................................................................................................................... 9 MILK GROUP ............................................................................................................................................................................ 12 MEAT GROUP ........................................................................................................................................................................... 14 GRAIN GROUP ........................................................................................................................................................................... 16 FRUIT GROUP AND VEGETABLE GROUP .......................................................................................................................................... 19 VITAMIN AND MINERAL SUPPLEMENTATION ................................................................................................................................... 20 AN IMPORTANT MESSAGE ABOUT CHOKING .................................................................................................................................... 20 MEAL PLANNING FOR YOUNG CHILDREN ........................................................................................................................................ 24 WHAT SHOULD CHILDREN DRINK? ................................................................................................................................................ 24 FOODS CHILDREN LIKE ................................................................................................................................................................ 25 SNACKS .................................................................................................................................................................................... 27 THE VEGETARIAN CHILD .............................................................................................................................................................. 31 DESSERTS ................................................................................................................................................................................. 32 SECTION III: INAPPROPRIATE NUTRITION PRACTICES FOR CHILDREN ...................................................................................................... 35 NUTRITION RISKS ....................................................................................................................................................................... 35 SECTION IV: GROWTH AND WEIGHT RELATED CONCERNS IN CHILDREN ................................................................................................ 43 BIRTH WEIGHT: ......................................................................................................................................................................... 43 SHORT STATURE AND AT RISK OF SHORT STATURE............................................................................................................................ 43 UNDERWEIGHT AND AT RISK OF UNDERWEIGHT ............................................................................................................................... 44 INADEQUATE GROWTH ............................................................................................................................................................... 45 OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY ......................................................................................................................................................... 45 RELATED NUTRITION RISKS: ......................................................................................................................................................... 47 WIC’S ROLE WITH OVERWEIGHT CHILDREN .................................................................................................................................... 48 LIFESTYLE HABITS ASSOCIATED WITH OVERWEIGHT .......................................................................................................................... 49 SLEEP GUIDELINES ...................................................................................................................................................................... 51 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ..................................................................................................................................................................... 51 SECTION V: IRON AND LEAD ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 53 IRON DEFICIENCY ....................................................................................................................................................................... 53 RELATED NUTRITION RISKS: ......................................................................................................................................................... 54 201.01 LOW HEMATOCRIT\LOW HEMOGLOBIN CUTOFF VALUE: ...................................................................................................... 54 211.01+ ELEVATED BLOOD LEAD LEVELS ..................................................................................................................................... 55 MEDICAL CONDITIONS ................................................................................................................................................................ 55 SECTION VI: ORAL HEALTH IN CHILDREN .............................................................................................................................................................. 57 ORAL DISEASE AND TOOTH DECAY ................................................................................................................................................ 57 HOW TO CONTROL BACTERIA ....................................................................................................................................................... 58 PROPER CLEANING OF TEETH: ....................................................................................................................................................... 58 HEALTHY HABITS: ...................................................................................................................................................................... 59 DEALING WITH THE “MESS” ......................................................................................................................................................... 60 RELATED NUTRITION RISKS: ......................................................................................................................................................... 60 SECTION VII: SOCIAL INDICATORS OF NUTRITION RISK.................................................................................................................................. 62 RELATED NUTRITION RISK ............................................................................................................................................................. 62 SECTION VIII: CASE STUDIES ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 67 TRAINING ACTIVITY ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 69 Objectives of the Child Nutrition Module Objectives of the Child Nutrition Module After completing this module, the learner will be able to: 1. Identify why it is important for parents and caregivers to help children develop positive eating habits. 2. Recognize at least seven