Alliances Against Poverty DFID’s Experience in Peru 2000 - 2005 Alliances Against Poverty DFID’s Experience in Peru 2000 - 2005 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of DFID. Alliances Against Poverty: DFID’s Experience in Peru 2000 - 2005 Copyright 2005 © DFID DFID, 1 Palace Street, London SW1E 5HE DFID, Abercrombie House, Eaglesham Road, East Kilbride, Glasgow G75 8EA Public Enquiry Point: 0845 300 4100 (from outside the UK: +44 1355 84 3132) [email protected] www.dfid.gov.uk All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means without permission in writing from the publishers. First edition: January 2005 1000 copies Legal Deposit N°: ............................... ISBN N°: ..................... Printed in Peru Cover & Graphic Design: Gisella Scheuch Cover Photos: Corinna Csáky, CARE, SERVINDI Printed by: Ali Arte Gráfico - Publicaciones S.R.L. Department for International Development DFID is the UK Department for International Development: leading the British government’s commitment to fighting world poverty. In an increasingly interconnected world, many problems — like conflict, crime, pollution and diseases such as HIV and AIDS — are caused or made worse by poverty. One in five people in the world, over one billion people, live in poverty on less than one dollar a day. DFID supports long-term programmes to eliminate the underlying causes of poverty in areas like health, education, and the environment. It also responds to emergencies, both natural and man-made. DFID’s work forms part of a global promise to meet the United Nations’ eight Millennium Development Goals: worldwide targets — with a 2015 deadline — which aim to: • halve the number of people living in extreme poverty and hunger • ensure that all children receive primary education • promote sexual equality and give women a stronger voice • reduce child death rates • improve the health of mothers • combat HIV and AIDS, malaria and other diseases • make sure the environment is protected • build a global partnership for those working in development. Each of these goals has its own, measurable, targets. DFID works in partnership with governments committed to the Millennium Development Goals, with civil society, with the private sector and with the research community. It also works with multilateral institutions, including the World Bank, United Nations agencies, and the European Commission. DFID works in 150 countries worldwide, with an annual budget of some £4 billion. Its headquarters are in London and East Kilbride, near Glasgow. CONTENTS Foreword by Gareth Thomas ................................................................................................. 9 Foreword by Oscar Schiappa-Pietra .................................................................................... 11 Acronyms................................................................................................................................. 13 Contributors .......................................................................................................................... 15 Overview: Contents and Key Lessons by Rosalind Eyben & Corinna Csáky......... 19 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 20 2. Book Overview................................................................................................................... 22 3. Key Lessons ........................................................................................................................ 24 I. DFID in Peru: a Learning Curve by Rosalind Eyben ............................................. 31 1. Setting the Scene ................................................................................................................ 33 2. DFID in Peru ..................................................................................................................... 38 3. Understanding the Causes of Poverty in Peru .............................................................. 42 4. Concepts and Action ......................................................................................................... 47 5. Donor Aims, Perspectives and Relationships ................................................................ 53 6. Conclusions ......................................................................................................................... 60 II. Supporting Institutions for Political Inclusion by John Crabtree ..................... 63 1. The Historical Legacy: A Democratic Deficit ............................................................... 64 2. Working Locally for Political Inclusion .......................................................................... 66 3. Identity: Establishing Rights to Inclusion ...................................................................... 78 4. Working with Political Parties .......................................................................................... 84 5. Lessons Learned ................................................................................................................. 98 III. Supporting Networks for Realising Rights by Fiona Wilson ......................... 101 1. Introducing Arenas and Networks ................................................................................ 103 2. The Health Story: Realising Rights to Health ............................................................. 108 3. Human Rights for the Poor............................................................................................ 125 4. Building Participatory Citizenship ................................................................................. 132 5. Lessons Learned ............................................................................................................... 142 IV. “For those of you attempting this at home” by Mark Lewis & Francisco Sagasti ................................................................................... 145 1. The Context for DFID in Peru ..................................................................................... 146 Alliances Against Poverty: DFID’s Experience in Peru 2000 - 2005 2. How DFID Organised Itself and Worked with Others ............................................ 153 3. Results, Challenges, Consequences ............................................................................... 164 4. Looking Ahead ................................................................................................................. 172 5. Conclusions ....................................................................................................................... 176 References .............................................................................................................................. 179 Annexes A. DFID Bilateral Aid to Peru ........................................................................................... 181 B. DFID Peru Chronology ................................................................................................. 182 C. DFID’s Main Projects in Peru 2001 - 2005................................................................. 187 Text Boxes 1. Elena Montobbio, AECI ................................................................................................ 37 2. Brenda Killen, former DFID ........................................................................................ 54 3. Fernando Tuesta, Electoral Commission of Peru ONPE ....................................... 69 4. Michel Portier, Mayor of Carabaya & Enrique Quilla, Mayor of Sandia............... 71 5. Ernesto Herrera, Peru Posible ...................................................................................... 77 6. Kim Delaney, USAID ..................................................................................................... 81 7. Rocío Vargas, Oxfam, María Isabel Cedano, Demus, & Martín Beaumont, Oxfam ......................................................................................... 82 8. Rafael Roncagliolo, Acuerdo Nacional ........................................................................ 86 9. Jorge del Castillo, APRA, & Javier Diez Canseco, Partido Democrático Decentralista..................................................................................................................... 90 10. Edmundo Jarquín, Inter-American Development Bank ........................................... 91 11. Lourdes Flores Nano, Unidad Nacional ...................................................................... 94 12. Carlos Santiso, DFID ..................................................................................................... 96 13. Javier Torres, Servicios Educativos Rurales .............................................................. 106 14. Daniel Cotlear, World Bank ......................................................................................... 116 15. Walter Albán, State Ombudsman’s Office................................................................. 119 16. Pilar Mazzetti, Ministry of Health .............................................................................. 121 17. Víctor Zamora, DFID .................................................................................................. 122 18. Maritza Mendoza, CARE ............................................................................................