38092 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Youth-Responsive Social Analysis: A Guidance Note Incorporating Social Dimensions into Bank-Supported Projects SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT The World Bank NOVEMBER 2, 2006 This publication was developed and produced by the Social Development Family of the World Bank, which is a part of the Sustainable Development Network (SDN). Documents in the Social Development Sector Guidance Note Series are published informally and circulated to encourage discussion and comment within the development community. The findings, interpretations, judgments, and conclusions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and should not be attributed to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations, or to members of the Board of Executive Directors or the governments they represent. For additional copies of this paper, please contact: Social Development Department The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington, DC 20433 Fax: 202-522-3247 E-mail: [email protected] Printed on Recycled Paper TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS............................................................................................................. iv ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................ v PREFACE ............................................................................................................................ vii I. INTRODUCTION TO YOUTH-RESPONSIVE SOCIAL ANALYSIS ....................................................... 1 II. KEY CROSS-CUTTING AND CROSS-SECTOR YOUTH ISSUES....................................................... 4 III. YOUTH ISSUES IN THE REGIONS ............................................................................................ 9 IV. ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK FOR YOUTH-RESPONSIVE SOCIAL ANALYSIS ................................. 12 Social Diversity and Gender ................................................................................................12 Institutions, Rules and Behavior ...........................................................................................14 Stakeholders ..........................................................................................................................17 Participation .........................................................................................................................18 Social Risk...............................................................................................................................21 V. INTEGRATING YOUTH-RESPONSIVE SOCIAL ANALYSIS IN THE PROJECT CYCLE ......................... 23 Project Identification and Design .......................................................................................24 Project Preparation and Appraisal Stage..........................................................................25 Negotiations and Approval.................................................................................................27 Effectiveness and Implementation.....................................................................................27 Supervision and Monitoring .................................................................................................27 Mid-Term Review (MTR)........................................................................................................28 Implementation Completion Report (ICR) ........................................................................29 ANNEX 1: A FRAMEWORK OF YOUTH DEVELOPMENT (WDR 2007) ............................................ 31 ANNEX 2: YOUTH ISSUES IN THE REGIONS ............................................................................... 34 Africa Region.........................................................................................................................34 East Asia and the Pacific Region........................................................................................35 i Europe & Central Asia Region.............................................................................................35 Latin America & the Caribbean Region............................................................................37 Middle East & North Africa Region .....................................................................................38 South Asia Region .................................................................................................................39 ANNEX 3: PARTICIPATORY SOCIAL ASSESSMENT TOOLS ............................................................ 41 ANNEX 4: SAMPLE TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CONDUCTING YOUTH-RESPONSIVE SOCIAL ASSESSMENT.......................................................................................................... 43 Generic TOR ..........................................................................................................................43 Sample TOR from Paraguay Community Development and Youth project.................46 ANNEX 5: RESOURCES ON YOUTH ISSUES................................................................................. 49 ANNEX 6: FINANCING OPTIONS FOR YOUTH DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS ....................................... 52 ANNEX 7: INDICATORS OF YOUTH DEVELOPMENT..................................................................... 53 REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................... 54 List of Boxes Box 1: WDR 2007 Strategic Framework for Youth Policy Reform..................................................2 Box 2: Youth and SectorWork: Transportation, Urban Development, Rural Development, Health, and Education............................................................................................................5 Box 3: Youth in an Urbanizing World – Street Youth ......................................................................9 Box 4: Promoting Social Cohesion through Youth in Macedonia, Turkey & Brazil .................13 Box 5: Implications of the Legal Transition from Childhood to Adulthood Box 6 Institutional Barriers – Youth with Disabilities.......................................................................16 Box 7: Involving Youth in Program Design – Sierra Leone, 1998-1999........................................18 Box 8: Youth Participation for Political, Social Change in the Former Yugoslavia..................19 Box 9: Partnerships with Youth .........................................................................................................20 Box 10: Participating in Sustainable Development of Environment – Youth Conservation Corps......................................................................................................................................21 Box 11: Project Considerations for Monitoring and Supervision of Youth Issues......................27 List of Tables Table 1: Rapid Social Assessment and Youth Issues ....................................................................24 Table 2: Social Assessment and Youth Issues ................................................................................25 ii Youth-Responsive Social Analysis: A Guidance Note Table 3: Monitoring and Supervision and Youth Issues................................................................28 Table 4: Project Evaluation and Youth Issues................................................................................29 iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Youth-Responsive Social Analysis: A Guidance Note is a product of a team of colleagues and consultants inside and outside of the Bank. The series of sector guidelines, currently in preparation, is an expansion of the Bank’s Social Analysis Sourcebook, which was coordinated by Anis Dani, and carried forward by Reidar Kvam (LCR) and Andy Norton (SDV). The Guidance Note has been written and compiled by a team of social scientists led by Estanislao Gacitua-Mario (SDV), including Kathleen Kuehnast (SDV) and Nazumi Takeda (SDV). We would like to acknowledge the helpful inputs from Gloria La Cava (ECA), Joanna De Berry (SDV), and Juan Felipe Sanchez (HD). The Note was also circulated among the Social Development management team for comments and endorsement. We also appreciate the time and effort on the part of Danielle Christophe in preparing the document for desktop publication. iv Youth-Responsive Social Analysis: A Guidance Note ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AFR Africa Region BNPP Bank-Netherlands Partnership Program CAS Country Assistance Strategy CDD Community Driven Development CGA Country Gender Assessment CHYAO Africa Trust Fund for Children Youth in Africa CRC Convention on the Rights of Children CSA Country Social Analysis CYP Commonwealth Youth Programme DGF Development Grant Facility EAP East Asia and Pacific Region ECA Europe and Central Asia Region ECD Early Childhood Development EFA Education for All EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations GDP Gross domestic product GCLP Global Child Labor Program HDNED Human Development Network Social Protection Unit HDNSP Human Development Network Education Unit HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ICR Implementation Completion Report ICT Information and Communications Technology IDF International Development Fund IEC Information education and communication ILO International Labor Organization JSDF Japan Social Development Fund KCP Knowledge for Change Program LCR