Washington State Healthy Youth Survey 2004 Analytic Report Prepared for Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction Old Capitol Building, PO Box 47200 Olympia, WA 98504–7200 Department of Health Town Center East, 101 Israel Road SE Tumwater, WA 98504–7835 Department of Social and Health Services 1115 Washington Street SE, PO Box 45000 Olympia, WA 98504–5000 Department of Community, Trade and Economic Development 906 Columbia Street SW, PO Box 48300 Olympia, WA 98504–8300 Family Policy Council 1115 Washington Street SE, PO Box 45015 Olympia, WA 98504–5015 Prepared by RMC Research Corporation 522 SW Fifth Avenue, Suite 1407 Portland, OR 97204 June 2005 Prepared for Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction Old Capitol Building PO Box 47200 Olympia, WA 98504–7200 Department of Health Town Center East 101 Israel Road SE Tumwater, WA 98504–7835 Department of Social and Health Services 1115 Washington Street SE PO Box 45000 Olympia, WA 98504–5000 Department of Community, Trade and Economic Development 906 Columbia Street SW PO Box 48300 Olympia, WA 98504–8300 Family Policy Council 1115 Washington Street SE PO Box 45015 Olympia, WA 98504–5015 Prepared by Eric L. Einspruch, Ph.D. RMC Research Corporation 522 SW Fifth Avenue, Suite 1407 Portland, OR 97204 In collaboration with members of the Joint Survey Planning Committee. June 2005 Washington State Healthy Youth Survey 2004 Analytic Report Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction Dr. Terry Bergeson State Superintendent of Public Instruction Marty S. Daybell Deputy Superintendent, Administration, and Operations Chief Information Officer Marcia L. Riggers Assistant Superintendent, Student Support, and Operations Martin T. Mueller Director, Learning, and Teaching Support Mona M. Johnson Program Supervisor, Learning and Teaching Support This material is available in alternative format upon request. Contact Safe and Drug- Free Schools, (360) 725–6044 or TTY (360) 664–3631. The Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction complies with all federal and state rules and regulations and does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, disability, age, or marital status. Department of Health Mary C. Selecky Secretary Maxine Hayes, MD, MPH State Health Officer Juliet VanEenwyk State Epidemiologist for Non-Infectious Conditions Judy Schoder Adolescent Health Coordinator Lillian Bensley Epidemiologist Diane Pilkey Research Investigator Susan Richardson Contract Research Investigator–Tobacco Prevention & Control Program Julia Dilley Epidemiologist Department of Social and Health Services Robin Arnold-Williams Secretary, Department of Social and Health Services Kenneth D. Stark Director, Division of Alcohol and Substance Abuse Fred Garcia Chief of Service Operations Antoinette Krupski Research and Evaluation Supervisor Michael Langer Prevention Services Supervisor Stephen Smothers Prevention Services Lead Worker Linda Becker Prevention Research Manager Department of Community, Trade and Economic Development Juli Wilkerson Director Nancy Ousley Assistant Director, Local Government Division Paul Perz Managing Director, Safe and Drug-Free Communities Unit Susan Roberts Program Supervisor, Community Mobilization Program Family Policy Council Liz Dunbar Chairperson, Deputy Secretary, Department of Social and Health Services Laura Porter Staff Director William Hall Management Analyst Contents Figures ............................................................................................................................ix Tables .............................................................................................................................xi Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................... xiii Executive Summary .......................................................................................................xv Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 Methods .......................................................................................................................... 9 Physical Activity and Dietary Behavior .......................................................................... 19 Health Status and Health Care...................................................................................... 33 School Climate .............................................................................................................. 39 Unintentional Injury Behaviors....................................................................................... 47 Intentional Injury Behaviors ........................................................................................... 55 Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use......................................................................... 61 Risk and Protective Factors .......................................................................................... 89 Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 103 References.................................................................................................................. 105 Appendix A Item-Level Results by Grade Appendix B HYS04 Forms A, B, and C Appendix C Item Crosswalk Across Forms Appendix D List of Participating Schools Appendix E Changes in Survey Items vii Figures Figure 1 Noncompletion Rates for HYS04 Form A, Grades 8, 10, and 12 .............. 16 Figure 2 Noncompletion Rates for HYS04 Form B, Grades 8, 10, and 12 .............. 17 Figure 3 Noncompletion Rates for HYS04 Form C, Grade 6................................... 17 Figure 4 Prevalence of Overweight or At Risk for Becoming Overweight................ 22 Figure 5 Students Who Ate Fruit and Vegetables Five or More Times Each Day Over the Past Seven Days................................................................. 23 Figure 6 Involvement in Vigorous Exercise Three or More Days per Week ............ 24 Figure 7 Students Who Met the Recommendation for Moderate or Vigorous Physical Activity ........................................................................................ 25 Figure 8 Participation in Physical Education............................................................ 26 Figure 9 Amount of Exercise During Physical Education Classes........................... 27 Figure 10 Television Watching for Two Hours or Less on an Average School Day... 28 Figure 11 Eating Family Dinners Most of the Time or Always ................................... 29 Figure 12 Consumption of Two or More Sodas Yesterday ........................................ 30 Figure 13 Students Reporting That Crossing the Street Walking or With Their Bicycle is Easy .......................................................................................... 31 Figure 14 Students Scared by Dogs or People When Crossing the Street................ 32 Figure 15 Lifetime Prevalence of Asthma.................................................................. 35 Figure 16 Student Access to Health Care ................................................................. 36 Figure 17 Perceived Adequacy of Schools’ HIV/AIDS Education.............................. 37 Figure 18 Experience of Depressive Feelings ........................................................... 38 Figure 19 Perceived Safety at School ....................................................................... 41 Figure 20 Students Who Were Bullied in the Past 30 Days....................................... 42 Figure 21 Weapon Carrying to School....................................................................... 43 Figure 22 Attending School Drunk or High ................................................................ 44 Figure 23 Physical Fighting on School Property........................................................ 45 Figure 24 Helmet Wearing When Riding a Bicycle.................................................... 49 Figure 25 Seat Belt Wearing When Riding in a Vehicle............................................. 50 Figure 26 Riding in a Vehicle Whose Driver Had Been Drinking Alcohol .................. 51 Figure 27 Driving a Vehicle After Drinking Alcohol .................................................... 52 Figure 28 Life Vest Wearing When Boating............................................................... 53 ix Figure 29 Trend in Weapon Carrying ........................................................................ 57 Figure 30 Gang Membership..................................................................................... 58 Figure 31 Suicide-Related Behaviors ........................................................................ 59 Figure 32 Students Who Attempted Suicide.............................................................. 60 Figure 33 Alcohol Use by Grade................................................................................ 75 Figure 34 Trend in 30-Day Alcohol Use by Grade..................................................... 76 Figure 35 Trend in Two-Week Binge Drinking by Grade ........................................... 77 Figure 36 Cigarette Use by Grade............................................................................. 78 Figure 37 Trend in Cigarette Use by Grade............................................................... 79 Figure 38 Perception of Risk of Secondhand Smoke ................................................ 80 Figure 39