Zambia Habitat III National Report Republic of Zambia National Report on the Third United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development HABITAT III June, 2015 With the support of Zambia National Habitat III Report i Zambia Habitat III National Report Table of Contents List of Figures .............................................................................................................................................. v List of Tables .............................................................................................................................................. vi Foreword by His Excellency the President of the Republic of Zambia ................................................ vii Introduction by the Hon Minister of Local Government and Housing ................................................ ix List of Acronyms ........................................................................................................................................ xi Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. xiv 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Country Background ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Habitat III National Report ........................................................................................................... 3 1.2.1 Challenges of Implementing the Habitat Agenda ................................................................. 3 1.2.2 Towards a New Urban Agenda and Habitat III .................................................................... 3 1.3 Objectives of Habitat III National Report ..................................................................................... 4 1.4 Zambia Habitat III National Consultative Process and Timeline ................................................. 5 2 Urban Demographics: Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda ....................................... 6 2.1 Managing Rapid Urbanisation ...................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Managing rural-urban linkages ................................................................................................... 10 2.3 Addressing urban youth needs .................................................................................................... 11 2.4 Responding to the needs of the aged ........................................................................................... 13 2.5 Integrating gender in urban development ................................................................................... 14 2.6 Challenges experienced and lessons learnt in these areas ........................................................... 17 2.7 Future challenges and issues that could be addressed by a New Urban Agenda ........................ 18 3 Land and Urban Planning: Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda ............................ 19 3.1 Sustainable Urban Planning and Design ..................................................................................... 19 3.2 Improving Urban Land Management .......................................................................................... 22 3.3 Enhancing Urban and Peri-urban Food Production .................................................................... 25 3.4 Improving urban mobility challenges ......................................................................................... 26 3.5 Improving technical capacity to plan and manage cities............................................................. 27 3.6 Challenges experienced and lessons learnt in these areas ........................................................... 27 Zambia National Habitat III Report ii Zambia Habitat III National Report 3.7 Future challenges and issues that could be addressed by a New Urban Agenda ........................ 29 4 Environment and Urbanisation: Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda .................... 32 4.1 Addressing Climate Change........................................................................................................ 32 4.2 Disaster Risk Reduction .............................................................................................................. 34 4.3 Traffic Congestion ...................................................................................................................... 37 4.4 Air Pollution ................................................................................................................................ 37 4.5 Challenges experienced and lessons learnt in these areas ........................................................... 38 4.6 Future challenges and issues that could be addressed by a New Urban Agenda ........................ 39 5 Urban Governance and Legislation: Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda ............. 40 5.1 Improving Urban Legislation ...................................................................................................... 40 5.2 Decentralisation and Strengthening of Local Authorities ........................................................... 41 5.3 Improving participation and human rights in urban development .............................................. 41 5.4 Enhancing Urban Safety and Security ........................................................................................ 43 5.5 Improving Social Inclusion and Equity ...................................................................................... 44 5.6 Challenges experienced and lessons learnt in these areas ........................................................... 45 5.7 Future challenges and issues that could be addressed by a New Urban Agenda ........................ 46 6 Urban Economy: Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda ............................................. 47 6.1 Improving municipal finance ...................................................................................................... 47 6.2 Strengthening and improving access to housing finance ............................................................ 49 6.3 Supporting local economic development .................................................................................... 51 6.4 Creating decent jobs and livelihoods .......................................................................................... 52 6.5 Integration of the urban economy into national development policy .......................................... 54 6.6 Challenges experienced and lessons learnt in these areas ........................................................... 56 6.7 Future challenges and issues that could be addressed by a New Urban Agenda ........................ 59 7 Housing and Basic Services: Issues and Challenges for a New Urban Agenda ........................... 61 7.1 Slum Upgrading and Prevention ................................................................................................. 61 7.2 Improving access to adequate housing ........................................................................................ 62 7.3 Ensuring sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation and drainage .............. 63 7.4 Improving access to clean domestic energy ................................................................................ 67 7.5 Improving access to sustainable means of transport (Also See urban mobility above) .............. 68 7.6 Challenges experienced and lessons learnt in these areas ........................................................... 69 Zambia National Habitat III Report iii Zambia Habitat III National Report 7.7 Future challenges and issues that could be addressed by a New Urban Agenda ........................ 70 8 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................... 72 9 Recommendations ............................................................................................................................. 74 9.1 Overall Recommendation ........................................................................................................... 74 9.2 Specific Recommendations ......................................................................................................... 74 9.2.1 Recommendations for Urban Demographics ...................................................................... 74 9.2.2 Recommendations for Land and Urban Planning .......................................................................... 75 9.2.3 Recommendations for Environment and Urbanisation .................................................................. 77 9.2.4 Recommendations for Urban Governance and Legislation ........................................................... 78 9.2.5 Recommendations for Urban Economy and Finance ..................................................................... 80 9.2.6 Recommendations for Housing and Basic Services ....................................................................... 81 Appendix 1: Basic Development Indicators for Zambia ....................................................................... 84 Appendix 3: Population of main urban centres in Zambia (1990-2010) .............................................. 86 Appendix