COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2015 Manhattan Community District 8: UPPER EAST SIDE (Including Carnegie Hill, Lenox Hill, Roosevelt Island, Upper East Side and Yorkville) Health is rooted in the circumstances of our daily lives and the environments in which we are born, grow, play, work, love and age. Understanding how community conditions affect our physical and mental health is the first step toward building a healthier New York City. UPPER EAST SIDE TOTAL POPULATION WHO WE ARE 226,640 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 POPULATION BY RACE AND ETHNICITY 79% White* 9% Asian* 7% Hispanic 3% Black* 2% Other* POPULATION BY AGE HAVE LIMITED 38% ENGLISH NYC 23% PROFICIENCY 24% 18% 14% NYC ARE 6% 0–17 18–245% 25–44 45–64 65+ FOREIGN 0 - 17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ BORN PERCENT WHO REPORTED THEIR OWN HEALTH AS “EXCELLENT,” LIFE EXPECTANCY ”VERY GOOD” OR “GOOD” 85.0 92% YEARS * Non-Hispanic Note: Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding Sources: Overall population, race and age: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates, 2013; Foreign born and English proficiency: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2011-2013; Self-reported health: NYC DOHMH Community Health Survey, COMMUNITY2011-2013; Life Expectancy: HEALTH NYC DOHMH PROFILESBureau of Vital Statistics, 2015: 2003-2012 UPPER EAST SIDE 2 Note from Dr. Mary Bassett, Commissioner, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene New York City is a city of neighborhoods. Their diversity, rich history and people are what make this city so special. But longstanding and rising income inequality, combined with a history of racial residential segregation, has led to startling health inequities between neighborhoods. Poor health outcomes tend to cluster in places that people of color call home and where many residents live in poverty. Life expectancy in Brownsville, for example, is 11 years shorter than in the Financial District. And this is not because residents of Brownsville are dying of unusual diseases, but because they are dying of the same diseases – mostly heart disease and cancer – at younger ages and at higher rates. This is unfair and avoidable. A person’s health should not be determined by his or her ZIP code. Reducing health inequities requires policymakers, health professionals, researchers and community groups to advocate and work together for systemic change. In One New York: The Plan for a Strong and Just City (OneNYC), Mayor Bill de Blasio has outlined a vision to transform this city, and every neighborhood, guided by the principles of growth, equity, sustainability and resiliency. Our communities are not simply made up of individual behaviors, but are dynamic places where individuals interact with each other, with their immediate environments and with the policies that shape those environments. The Community Health Profiles include indicators that reflect a broad set of conditions that impact health. Our hope is that you will use the data and information in these Community Health Profiles to advocate for your neighborhoods. MARY T. BASSETT, MD, MPH COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2015: UPPER EAST SIDE 3 Navigating TABLE OF CONTENTS this document This profile covers all of Manhattan Community District WHO WE ARE 8, which includes Carnegie Hill, PAGE 2 Lenox Hill, Roosevelt Island, Upper East Side and Yorkville, but the name is shortened to just Upper East Side. This is NEIGHBORHOOD CONDITIONS one of 59 community districts PAGE 5 in New York City (NYC). Community districts are ranked SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC on each indicator. The highest CONDITIONS PAGES 6 AND 7 rank (#1) corresponds to the largest value for a given measure. Sometimes a high rank indicates a positive measure of health HEALTHY LIVING (e.g., ranking first in flu PAGES 8 AND 9 vaccination). Other times, it indicates a negative measure of health (e.g., ranking first in the premature death rate). HEALTH CARE PAGE 10 The following color coding system is used throughout this document: HEALTH OUTCOMES PAGES 11, 12 AND 13 UPPER EAST SIDE BEST-PERFORMING COMMUNITY DISTRICT MANHATTAN NOTES PAGES 14 AND 15 NEW YORK CITY MAP AND CONTACT INFORMATION BACK COVER COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2015: UPPER EAST SIDE 4 Housing quality Poorly maintained housing is associated with negative health outcomes, including asthma and other respiratory illnesses, injuries and poor mental health. A lower percentage of homes in the Upper East Side have maintenance defects compared with homes citywide. Maintenance defects (percent of renter-occupied homes with at least one maintenance defect) 100% NEIGHBORHOOD Maintenance defects include water leaks, cracks and holes, inadequate heating, presence of mice or rats, toilet breakdowns and peeling paint. CONDITIONS NYC 59% 50% MANHATTAN 57% Where we live 0% Tottenville Upper East Side determines the and 45% Great Kills (RANKS 49TH) quality of the air we 18% breathe, the homes (RANKS 59TH) we live in, how safe NYC Housing and Vacancy Survey, 2011 we feel, what kinds Air pollution of food we can Although NYC air quality is improving, air pollution, such as fine particles (PM2.5), can cause easily access health problems, particularly among the very young, seniors and those with preexisting health conditions. In the Upper East Side, levels of PM2.5, the most harmful air pollutant, are 11.1 and more. micrograms per cubic meter, compared with 10.7 in Manhattan and 8.6 citywide. Air pollution (micrograms of fine particulate matter per cubic meter) 11.1 7.6 10.7 8.6 Upper East Side Rockaway and Manhattan NYC (RANKS 4TH) Broad Channel (RANKS 59TH) NYC DOHMH, Community Air Survey, 2013 Retail environment The prevalence of tobacco retailers in the Upper East Side is similar to the prevalence citywide. When healthy Supermarket access is higher than the city average, with 238 square feet of supermarket space foods are readily per 100 people. available, it is easier Tobacco retailers Supermarket square footage (per 10,000 population) (per 100 population) to make healthy choices. 8 6 238 450 Upper East Side Upper East Side South Beach and TH Bayside and Little TH (RANKS 49 ) Neck (RANKS 59TH) (RANKS 13 ) Willowbrook (RANKS 1ST) 13 11 207 177 Manhattan NYC Manhattan NYC NYC Department of Consumer Affairs, 2014 New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets, 2014 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2015: UPPER EAST SIDE 5 Adult educational attainment The Upper East Side has a high percentage of adults with college degrees (82%) and one of the lowest percentages of adults who have not completed high school (3%). Highest level of education attained (adults 25 years and older) FINANCIAL DISTRICT & UPPER EAST SIDE GREENWICH VILLAGE AND SOHO 82% 84% SOCIAL AND College graduate College graduate 15% 12% ECONOMIC High school graduate High school graduate or some college or some college CONDITIONS 3% 4% Less than high school Less than high school MANHATTAN NEW YORK CITY 63% 41% Higher education College graduate College graduate levels are associated 24% 39% High school graduate High school graduate with better health or some college or some college outcomes. 14% 20% Less than high school Less than high school Note: Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2011-2013 Income Only 7% of Living in poverty limits healthy lifestyle choices and makes it difficult to access health care and resources that can promote health and prevent illness. Unemployment and residents of the unaffordable housing are also closely associated with poverty and poor health. Only Upper East Side one in twenty Upper East Side adults ages 16 and older is unemployed, the city’s live below the third-lowest rate. Two-fifths of residents spend more than 30% of their monthly gross Federal Poverty income on rent. Level; just one Economic stress district has a lower Best-performing Upper East Side community district Manhattan NYC poverty rate. 7% 6% 18% 21% Poverty (RANKS 58TH) Tottenville and Great Kills (RANKS 59TH) 5% 5% 8% 11% Unemployment (RANKS 57TH) Greenwich Village and Soho & Financial District (RANKS 58TH) Rent 41% 37% 45% 51% (RANKS 54TH) Greenwich Village and burden Soho & Financial District (RANKS 58TH) U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2011-2013 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2015: UPPER EAST SIDE 6 Children and adolescents The littlest New Yorkers all deserve the same opportunities for health. In the Upper East Side, the rate of preterm births, a key driver of infant death, is higher than the Midtown rate but below the NYC rate. The teen birth rate is about one-sixth the city average, and the rate of elementary school absenteeism is fifth-lowest in the city. Preterm births SOCIAL AND (percent of all live births) 7.2 5.7* 8.1 9.0 Upper East Side Midtown Manhattan NYC ECONOMIC TH TH (RANKS 49 ) (RANKS 59 ) CONDITIONS Teen births (per 1,000 girls ages 15-19) 4.0 16.0 23.6 Child and 1.1* adolescent health Upper East Side Financial Manhattan NYC (RANKS 55TH) District are a signal of (RANKS 59TH) Elementary school a community’s absenteeism current well-being (percent of students missing 7 18 20 20 or more school days) and potential. 4 Upper East Side Financial Manhattan NYC (RANKS 55TH) District (RANKS 59TH) * Interpret estimate with caution due to small number of events Preterm births: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2013; Teen births: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2011-2013; Absenteeism: NYC Department of Education, 2013-2014 People who are Incarceration incarcerated have Jail incarceration (per 100,000 adults ages 16 and older) higher rates of 400 mental illness, The incarceration rate in the Upper East Side drug and alcohol is less than one-sixth the citywide rate. addiction and other 200 health conditions.