Konarka Sukant Tripathy Sukant Tripathy, Professor at the University of Massachusetts Lowell, died on December 12, 2000 in a swimming accident in Hawaii after lecturing at a conference of the Polymer Chemistry Division of the American Chemical Society. Sukant was born in Bihar, India, and he did his undergraduate work at the Indian Institute of Technology at Kharagpur. He received his Ph.D. in polymer science from Case Western Reserve University in 1981, and then joined GTE Laboratories. At GTE Labs, he became manager of the organic and polymer science department. In 1985, he joined the chemistry faculty at the University of Massachusetts Lowell. He founded and served as director of the Center for Advanced Materials from 1992. He also served the University as provost and vice chancellor for academic affairs from 1994 to 1996. Sukant Tripathy was recognized around the world for his research in thin polymer films and their electrical and linear and nonlinear optical properties. In 1993, he was awarded the Carl S. Marvel Creative Polymer Chemistry Award of the American Chemical Society Division of Polymer Chemistry. He had published more than 200 papers in the areas of interest and held two dozen patents. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10601320802391015?journalCode=lmsa20 Journal of Macromolecular Science: Tribute at ten years after his death Sukant Tripathy Editorial and in Memoriam Russell A. Gaudiana Pages 881-883 | Published online: 19 Nov 2008 It seems impossible that it has been ten years since death in December of 2000 and that this is the tenth symposium in his honor. Over the years •we have had many excellent speakers, nearly all of whom have taken time to write their presentations for this Special Issue of the Journal of Macromolecular Science. This year is no exception to that tradition since nearly all presenters have contributed a manuscript to the Special Issue. My own presentation at the symposium highlighted the nearly ten year developments of the company Sukant, along with Howard Berke, was in the process of establishing when he died The name of the company is Konarka Technologies. My role in the company is the Vice President of Research, and I have been with Konarka since its founding in 2001. In addition to Howard and Alan Heeger , friend and colleague or Sukant). four of Sukant’s closest associates, namely, Professor Jayant Kumar (former classmate and close friend). Drs. S. Balasubramanian, K. Chittibabu, and L Li (all of whom are former doctoral students of Sukant and Jayant) are also co-founders or the company, The name or the company was suggested by Sukant's: wife Susan Tripathy. Konarka (or Konark) is a temple in Orissa, India. dedicated to the Hindu sun god Surya. Because Sukant visited the temple whenever he returned to his childhood home, everyone thought that this name for the company would be very appropriate. Konarka was founded on the idea that an easily installed, inexpensive roof-top or portable power producing solar module would find widespread utility and acceptance in rural locations. Rural villages producing their own power would be a significant societal benefit to millions of people living in third world countries where grid power is non-existent. In order to keep materials and manufacturing costs 10 a minimum, we had to use an appropriate photovoltaic technology which we decided would be either dye sensitized; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konarka_Technologies Konarka Technologies, Inc. was a solar energy company based in Lowell, Massachusetts, founded in 2001 as a spin-off from University of Massachusetts Lowell. In late May 2012, the company filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy protection and laid off its approximately 80-member staff. The company’s operations have ceased and a trustee is tasked with liquidating the company’s assets for the benefit of creditors.[1] The company was developing two types of organic solar cells: polymer-fullerene solar cells and dye- sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Konarka cells were lightweight, flexible photovoltaics that could be printed as film or coated onto surfaces. The company had hoped its manufacturing process, which utilized organic chemistry, would result in higher efficiency at lower cost than traditional crystalline silicon fabricated solar cells. Konarka was also researching infrared light activated photovoltaics which would enable night-time power generation. The company's co-founders included the Nobel laureate Alan J. Heeger. [2] The company was named after Konark Sun Temple in India. As of 2006, Konarka had received $60 million in funding from venture capital firms including 3i, Draper Fisher Jurvetson, New Enterprise Associates, Good Energies and Chevron Technology Ventures.[3] Konarka also received nearly $10 million in combined grants from the Pentagon and European governments, and in 2007 was approved for further funding through the Solar America Initiative, a component of the White House's Advanced Energy Initiative.[4] The company raised a further $45 million in private capital financing in October 2007 in a financing round led by Mackenzie Financial Corporation.[5] The company also received $1.5 million from a state of Massachusetts alternative energy trust fund in 2003 during Governor Mitt Romney's term and another $5 million during Governor Deval Patrick's term. At the time of its bankruptcy filing in 2012, its funding history was summarized: "Konarka raised more than $170 million in private capital investments and $20 million in government grants, according to its website. Under the Bush administration, Konarka received a $1.6 million Army contract in 2005 and a $3.6 million award from the Department of Energy in 2007. Under the Obama administration, Konarka was one of 183 clean-energy companies that got a total of $2.3 billion in tax credits as part of the 2009 stimulus."[6] http://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2012/07/07/why-did-solar-cell-company-konarka- fail/tDEdGzmMQO6nNF55RfjvNJ/story.html?p1=Article_Recommended_ReadMore_Pos14 Boston Globe INNOVATION ECONOMY Why did solar cell company Konarka fail? Bic Stevens can remember his first glimpse at some dazzling solar power technology developed at the University of Massachusetts Lowell back in 2001. Scientists had produced a “little quarter-sized solar cell, entirely out of plastic, and it made a little propeller go,” Stevens says. The appeal of a “dirt-cheap,” pliable, and easy-to-manufacture solar material was that almost anything, from the roof of a bus to the top of an Army tent, could start generating electricity from the sun. Stevens put the first $50,000 into creating a company that would commercialize the UMass research, and helped recruit a Nobel prize winner in chemistry to advise the new venture, Konarka Technologies. (The company was named after a temple in India built to honor the sun god Surya.) …… Over the next 11 years, Konarka raised $170 million from private investors including Chevron Corp.; secured millions in grants, tax credits, and loans from Republican and Democratic administrations in Massachusetts and Washington; bought an old Polaroid plant in New Bedford to make its “Power Plastic”; hired and then laid off 100 employees; and filed for bankruptcy protection in early June. … Konarka’s chief executive, Howard Berke, was a serial entrepreneur who’d previously been involved with videoconferencing and medical imaging companies. 38 Studios was banking on a Hollywood-style blockbuster. Konarka was applying brainpower to bring a scientific breakthrough to market. So what happened at Konarka? …… But, says Dan Roach, an early Konarka employee, “the unanswered question was always how efficient the product would be” — that is, how much of the available sunlight could it turn into electricity? Another issue was how long Konarka’s Power Plastic would last, since plastic tends to degrade in sunlight. “If there was a case study written about Konarka,” says Roach, “it might say that this left the academic lab too early. A lot of the venture capital money was spent doing research, and not developing the product.” While the Army tested Konarka materials for use atop tents, and the company pitched a transparent version of Power Plastic for use on buildings’ windows, only two products ever saw the light of day. One was a $180 messenger bag, made by a German retailer, that used Konarka material on the front flap to recharge digital cameras and mobile phones inside. And an Australian company called Sky Shades put Konarka’s material on top of a $10,000 patio umbrella, the SolarBrella, which could supply juice to laptops and other portable electronics. Konarka’s factory in New Bedford was largely idle. ….. During this year’s presidential contest, Mitt Romney will no doubt be asked about the $1.5 million grant the state gave Konarka in 2003, when he was governor. And his successor, Deval Patrick, will most likely lose $3.3 million in taxpayer money that his administration lent Konarka to set up its New Bedford plant. Both governors clearly envisioned that a solar material that could be plastered on just about anything would create plenty of jobs in the state. http://www.forbes.com/sites/petercohan/2012/06/05/konarka-mitts-bankrupt-solar-bet/ Konarka: Mitt's Bankrupt Solar Bet Comment Now Follow Comments Konarka Technologies (Photo credit: Wikipedia) Governments should not pick business winners and losers according to former Massachusetts Governor, W. Mitt Romney. Which Mitt was that? The one who criticized President Obama for backing Solyndra or the one who used $1.5 million in Massachusetts taxpayer money to back Konarka? Last Friday, Konarka Technologies, a Lowell, Mass.-based solar technology company that got $1.5 million in state loans during Romney’s governorship, liquidated itself through Chapter 7 bankruptcy. Hypocritically enough, this did not stop Romney from holding a press conference in front of the Fremont, Calif.