Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Project Number: 43309-013 December 2016 Cambodia: Provincial Roads Improvement Project (Financed by the Technical Assistance Special Fund) Main Report Appendix 1—4 Prepared by Korea Consultants International, in Association with Dainichi, Sambo and Hankuk Engineering Consultants, in sub-Association with MECC, SBK, KACE and SAWAC Cambodia For the Ministry of Public Works and Transport and the Asian Development Bank This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. Ministry of Public Works Asian Development bank and Transport MINISTRY OF PUBLIC WORKS AND TRANSPORT KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA ADB LoanNo.2839-CAM (SF) / ADB Loan No.8254-CAM FINAL REPORT FEASIBILITY STUDY ON SECOND PROVINCIAL ROADS IMPROVEMENT PROJECT December 2016 KOREA CONSULTANTS INTERNATIONAL in association with in sub-consultancy with Dainichi, Sambo and MECC, SBK, KACE and SAWAC Hankuk Engineering Consultants ADB Loan No.2839-CAM(SF)/8254-CAM Feasibility Study on Second Provincial Roads Improvement Project SECOND PROVINCIAL ROADS IMPROVEMENT PROJECT Table of Contents ABBREVIATIONS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROJECT LOCATION MAP 1. INTRODUCTION ··························································································· 1 2. ROAD DESIGN ····························································································· 4 2.1. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT ROAD ··································································· 4 2.2. SITE VISITS AND FINDINGS ············································································ 5 2.2.1. PR1534 ··························································································· 5 2.2.2. PR312 ···························································································· 5 2.2.3. PR23 ······························································································ 9 2.3. Road DESIGN ·························································································· 13 2.3.1. Road Cross-sections ········································································· 13 2.3.2. Road Realignments ·········································································· 15 2.3.3. Minor Adjustments within the RoW ······················································· 15 2.3.4. Finished Road Levels ········································································ 16 2.4. PAVEMENT DESIGN ···················································································· 17 2.4.1. Subgrade ······················································································· 17 2.4.2. Traffic Loading ················································································· 18 2.4.3. Pavement Design Options ·································································· 20 2.4.4. Surfacing ························································································ 22 2.5. CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS ········································································· 23 2.5.1. Embankment Materials ······································································ 23 2.5.2. Selected Subgrade ··········································································· 23 2.5.3. Sub-base ························································································ 24 2.5.4. Use of Stabilization ··········································································· 24 2.5.5. Aggregate Base course ····································································· 25 2.5.6. Aggregate for Surfacing ··································································· 25 2.5.7. Surfacing Materials ··········································································· 25 2.6. ROAD MAINTENANCE ·················································································· 27 2.7. GEOLOGY IN THE PROJECT AREAS ································································· 27 2.8. MATERIAL SOURCES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS ·········································· 29 2.8.1. Hard Aggregate ··············································································· 29 2.8.2. Materials for Subgrade and Sub-base ·················································· 30 ADB Loan No.2839-CAM(SF)/8254-CAM Feasibility Study on Second Provincial Roads Improvement Project 2.9. BRIDGES ································································································· 31 2.9.1. Design Criteria ················································································· 31 2.9.2. General ·························································································· 32 2.9.3. Superstructure ················································································· 32 2.10. DRAINAGE ······························································································· 33 2.11. ROAD SAFETY ·························································································· 34 2.12. ROAD SIGNS AND INSTALLATION ···································································· 36 3. MINE/UXO CLEARANCE ·············································································· 37 3.1. BACK GROUND AND OBJECTIVES ··································································· 37 3.2. WORK METHODOLOGY ················································································ 37 3.2.1. Existing Record Review ····································································· 37 3.2.2. Field Trip Survey and Interview ··························································· 37 3.3. SURVEY RESULT ······················································································· 40 3.3.1. PR1534 ·························································································· 40 3.3.2. PR312 ··························································································· 46 3.3.3. PR23 ····························································································· 49 3.4. MINE/UXO CLEARANCE WORK & METHODOLOGY ··············································· 52 3.4.1. MINe/UXO Clearance ········································································ 52 3.4.2. Community-Based Mine/ UXO Awareness ············································· 53 3.4.3. Cost ······························································································ 53 4. TRAFFIC ···································································································· 54 4.1. INSTRUCTION ··························································································· 54 4.2. STATISTICS OF VEHICLE REGISTRATION ··························································· 54 4.3. TRAFFIC SURVEYS ····················································································· 55 4.3.1. Classified Counts ············································································· 55 4.3.2. Vehicle Types ·················································································· 56 4.3.3. Moving Observer Counts ··································································· 58 4.4. ESTIMATES BASE YEAR TRAFFIC ··································································· 58 4.4.1. 24 Hour Adjustment ·········································································· 58 4.4.2. Daily Traffic Variation ········································································ 59 4.4.3. Seasonal Variation ··········································································· 59 4.4.4. Derivation of Base Traffic Levels ························································· 59 4.4.5. Traffic Growth ·················································································· 61 5. ENVIRONMENT ··························································································· 66 5.1. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ············································· 66 5.1.1. Policy Framework ············································································· 66 5.1.2. Legal Framework ············································································· 66 5.1.3. Administrative Framework ·································································· 68 ADB Loan No.2839-CAM(SF)/8254-CAM Feasibility Study on Second Provincial Roads Improvement Project 5.1.4. Cambodian IEE Requirements ···························································· 70 5.1.5. Project Environment Classification ······················································· 73 5.2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ····································································· 73 5.2.1. Description of Project Roads ······························································ 73 5.2.2. Current Environmental Conditions of Project Roads ································ 74 5.3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE DATA) ········································ 76 5.3.1. Physical Environment ········································································ 76 5.3.2. Biological Environments ···································································· 79 5.3.3. Fishery ···························································································