Vol 5 Issue 1 July 2015 ISSN No :2231-5063 InternationaORIGINALl M ARTICLEultidisciplinary Research Journal Golden Research Thoughts Chief Editor Dr.Tukaram Narayan Shinde Associate Editor Publisher Dr.Rajani Dalvi Mrs.Laxmi Ashok Yakkaldevi Honorary Mr.Ashok Yakkaldevi Welcome to GRT RNI MAHMUL/2011/38595 ISSN No.2231-5063 Golden Research Thoughts Journal is a multidisciplinary research journal, published monthly in English, Hindi & Marathi Language. All research papers submitted to the journal will be double - blind peer reviewed referred by members of the editorial board.Readers will include investigator in universities, research institutes government and industry with research interest in the general subjects. International Advisory Board Flávio de São Pedro Filho Mohammad Hailat Hasan Baktir Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil Dept. of Mathematical Sciences, English Language and Literature University of South Carolina Aiken Department, Kayseri Kamani Perera Regional Center For Strategic Studies, Sri Abdullah Sabbagh Ghayoor Abbas Chotana Lanka Engineering Studies, Sydney Dept of Chemistry, Lahore University of Management Sciences[PK] Janaki Sinnasamy Ecaterina Patrascu Librarian, University of Malaya Spiru Haret University, Bucharest Anna Maria Constantinovici AL. I. Cuza University, Romania Romona Mihaila Loredana Bosca Spiru Haret University, Romania Spiru Haret University, Romania Ilie Pintea, Spiru Haret University, Romania Delia Serbescu Fabricio Moraes de Almeida Spiru Haret University, Bucharest, Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil Xiaohua Yang Romania PhD, USA George - Calin SERITAN Anurag Misra Faculty of Philosophy and Socio-Political ......More DBS College, Kanpur Sciences Al. I. Cuza University, Iasi Titus PopPhD, Partium Christian University, Oradea,Romania Editorial Board Pratap Vyamktrao Naikwade Iresh Swami Rajendra Shendge ASP College Devrukh,Ratnagiri,MS India Ex - VC. Solapur University, Solapur Director, B.C.U.D. Solapur University, Solapur R. R. Patil N.S. Dhaygude Head Geology Department Solapur Ex. Prin. Dayanand College, Solapur R. R. Yalikar University,Solapur Director Managment Institute, Solapur Narendra Kadu Rama Bhosale Jt. Director Higher Education, Pune Umesh Rajderkar Prin. and Jt. Director Higher Education, Head Humanities & Social Science Panvel K. M. Bhandarkar YCMOU,Nashik Praful Patel College of Education, Gondia Salve R. N. S. R. Pandya Department of Sociology, Shivaji Sonal Singh Head Education Dept. Mumbai University, University,Kolhapur Vikram University, Ujjain Mumbai Govind P. Shinde G. P. Patankar Alka Darshan Shrivastava Bharati Vidyapeeth School of Distance S. D. M. Degree College, Honavar, Karnataka Shaskiya Snatkottar Mahavidyalaya, Dhar Education Center, Navi Mumbai Maj. S. Bakhtiar Choudhary Rahul Shriram Sudke Chakane Sanjay Dnyaneshwar Director,Hyderabad AP India. Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore Arts, Science & Commerce College, Indapur, Pune S.Parvathi Devi S.KANNAN Ph.D.-University of Allahabad Annamalai University,TN Awadhesh Kumar Shirotriya Secretary,Play India Play,Meerut(U.P.) Sonal Singh, Satish Kumar Kalhotra Vikram University, Ujjain Maulana Azad National Urdu University Address:-Ashok Yakkaldevi 258/34, Raviwar Peth, Solapur - 413 005 Maharashtra, India Cell : 9595 359 435, Ph No: 02172372010 Email: [email protected] Website: www.aygrt.isrj.in Golden Research Thoughts Impact Factor : 3.4052(UIF) ISSN 2231-5063 Volume - 5 | Issue - 1 | July - 2015 CLASSIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF LAND FOR ASSESSING LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY: A CASE STUDY ON BANKURA DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL, INDIA Amborish Das INTRODUCTION Abstract of land, and degree Lands tune song, of erosion, water more preciously the UN Conference on Environment Developm- supply, drainage and song of life. Land is similar environmen- primary resource ent 1992 laid emphasis on environmental . tal conditions. In that influences every indicators for sustainable development. Land management is very much essential for sustainable past, several attem- sphere of life. So that pts have made in management of this development because of Functions of Land such as- 1. Production Function, 2.Space function for socio- different countries land-resource is very to classify land from m u c h e s s e n t i a l . economic and infrastructural development, 3. Human settlement space function, 4. Biotic different viewpoints A g e n d a 2 1 h a s by employing vario- defined Land as a environmental function. 5. Climate regulative function 6. Hydrologic function 7. Waste and us methods. Stamp physical entity in (1968) was regarded t e r m s o f i t s pollution control function 8. Storage function 9. Archive or heritage function. In the present study I as a pioneer in the t o p o g ra p hy a n d field of land classific- spatial nature thus have tried to categories the land for assessing the quality of land in Bankura District. To develop ation. In his book, including natural “The Land of Britain : resources like the appropriate mapping and land quality assessment GIS-based techniques are used. Adopting the land- Its Use and Misuse” soil, minerals, water he has classified land and biota existing on classification method, the study used different types of secondary data and maps such as District into six categories, the land. These namely Forest and components provide statistical handbook of Bankura, soil survey report- 491 by NBSS and LUP (Regional Centre Kolkata), soil woodland, Arable a variety of services land, Meadow land essential to the depth map, ground water map, soil particle map, soil type map topo map, administrative map and a n d Pe r m a n e n t maintenance of life- grass, Heath and support systems and from official website of Bankura District, Landsat-8 data etc. moorland, Gardens, t h e p r o d u c t i v e Orchards, nurseries c a p a c i t y o f t h e and unproductive environment. Keywords : Soil, water resource, land classification, land management. land like land under Land can be buildings, mines and divided into different wastelands. The categories according Short Profile Amborish Das is a working Research Scholar at l a n d c a p a b i l i t y to a set of factors. It is classification is controlled by climatic Department of Geography in Visva Bharati, Santiniketan, Birbhum, WB. r e l a t e d t o f a c t o r s , s o i l characteristics of characteristics, slope land such as slope, Research Scholar, Dept. of Geography, Visva Bharati, Santiniketan, Birbhum, WB Available online at www.lsrj.in 1 CLASSIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF LAND FOR ASSESSING LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY: A CASE STUDY.... erosion, stoniness, alkalinity, salinity, presence of Survey of India (SOI) toposheets covering the high water table, land use, soil texture, soil districts are 73I, 73J, 73M and 73N. moisture and the fertility of the soils (Ali Bankura district has been described as Mohammad,1978). Soil characteristics and the “connecting link between the plains of properties are the outcome of the interplay of Bengal on the east and Chota Nagpur plateau on pedogenic factors and processes prevailing in the the west.” The areas to the east and north-east area. are low lying alluvial plains, similar to Anthropogenic activities also play predominating rice lands of Bengal. To the west important role in this connection. Improper land the surface gradually rises, giving way to use practices can adversely affect many natural undulating country, interspersed with rocky processes that lead to soil erosion, land hillocks. Much of the country is covered with degradation, habitat destruction, and water jungles. pollution. In particular, studies have shown that the proportion of different land uses within an area is directly related to variability in riverine water quality (e.g. Hunsaker and Levine, 1995; DelRegno and Atkinson, 1988). Soil loss, soil salinity, water degradation and flooding are also often associated with inappropriate agricultural, industrial and urban land use practices. Now a day, the relatively new field of landscape ecology has added a new dimension to land management. There is a growing recognition of the importance of the “landscape perspective”– the need to consider larger spatial and temporal scales than have traditionally been considered in policies and guidelines for managing state lands (Haines- Young et al., 1993). Results from landscape ecological studies suggest that a broad-scale perspective incorporating spatial Fig:1 Location Map of study area relationships is a necessary part of land-use planning (Turner, 1989). Aim and Objectives: Study Area: Bankura is located in the western The objectives of this study are as follows: part of the State of West Bengal. It is a part of 1) To prepare a soil fertility map of Bankura Bardhaman Division of the State and included in District using soil texa as a mapping unit and the area known as "Rarh" in Bengal. It ranks 4th 2) To determine land capability classes and soil according to Population and literacy rate of 2001 productivity potentials in Bankura District. Census in the State. The District Bankura is bounded by latitude 22038’ -23038’N and Materials and Methods: longitude 86036’ E to 87047’ E. River Demodar flows along the northern boundary of the district. This entire work is mainly based on The adjacent districts are Bardhaman in the secondary data i.e., collected from District north, Purulia in the west, Paschim Medinapure statistical Handbook Bankura District (2008), in the south and Hooghly in the south-east. The District Census Handbook of Bankura District Available online at www.lsrj.in 2 CLASSIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF LAND FOR ASSESSING LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY: A CASE STUDY.... (2001), West Bengal State Water Investigation Directorate (SWID), District Gazetteer of Bankura District and ,soil survey report-491 by NBSS and LUP (Regional Centre Kolkata), soil depth map, ground water map, soil particle map, soil type map, administrative map and from official website of Bankura District, slope map(NATMO), many others literatures and research papers. All the maps have been georeferenced by the author. Land classification mapping has been prepared using ArcGIS 10 software.