Portland State University PDXScholar Master of Environmental Management Project Environmental Science and Management Reports 6-2012 A Performance Assessment of Two Multi-component Water Quality Facilities in the Columbia Slough and Fairview Creek Watersheds Christopher Robinson Portland State University Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy . Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/mem_gradprojects Part of the Water Resource Management Commons Recommended Citation Robinson, Christopher, "A Performance Assessment of Two Multi-component Water Quality Facilities in the Columbia Slough and Fairview Creek Watersheds" (2012). Master of Environmental Management Project Reports. 23. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/mem_gradprojects/23 This Project is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master of Environmental Management Project Reports by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstract Title: A Performance Assessment of Two Multi-component Stormwater Management Facilities in the Columbia Slough and Fairview Creek Watersheds We examined the treatment trains at the Columbia Slough (CSWQF) and Fairview Creek Water Quality Facilities (FCWQF) in Gresham, OR and assessed their effectiveness at removing pollutants including nutrients, TSS, metals, pesticides, PAHs, and VOCs. Time-paced, fixed volume composite samples were collected during storm events at the inlets and outlet of the CSWQF and at the inlets and outlet of each treatment train component of the FCWQF. In addition, long-term data collected at the FCWQF was analyzed. Composite data collected during November 2-3, 2011 and March 5-6, 2012 showed that the treatment trains can measurably reduce the event mean concentration (EMC) of most pollutants present in stormwater. Removal efficiencies ranged from a low of 11 to 34 percent for nutrients to a high of 58 to 70 percent for TSS. Long-term data from the FCWQF confirms the findings of the individual sampling events and demonstrates that the FCWQF treatment train significantly reduces the EMCs of NH3-N, TKN, BOD5, most of the heavy metals tested for, bacteria, TSS, and turbidity. When compared to data available from the International Stormwater BMP Database, effluent concentrations at the FCWQF were comparable to or lower than those in the BMP Database for nutrients including TKN, OP, and TP; metals including DCu, TCu, TNi, DPb, and TPb; and TSS. Effluent concentrations at the FCWQF were higher than those in the BMP Database for DZn, TZn, turbidity, and bacteria. When comparing the two facilities, the FCWQF generally reduced pollutant concentrations to a greater degree than did the CSWQF. Pollutant removal efficiency was potentially limited by rainfall intensity and seasonal factors, with removal efficiencies being higher for the spring event than the fall event. It is recommended that long- term monitoring be continued at both facilities until the pollutant removal efficiency of the entire CSWQF and the FCWQF treatment train components can be statistically quantified. Changes in sample collection methods and flow measurement are recommended that could improve the accuracy of pollutant concentration estimates considerably. Finally, it is recommended that further research be conducted to determine if significant relationships can be established between particle size and the following pollutants: heavy metals, total phosphorus, and PAHs. Defining these relationships may make it possible to estimate pollutant concentrations using the stormwater particle size distribution analysis. This page left blank intentionally. A Performance Assessment of Two Multi-component Water Quality Facilities in the Columbia Slough and Fairview Creek Watersheds Prepared for: City of Gresham Department of Environmental Services 1333 NW Eastman Parkway Gresham, OR 97030 Prepared by: Chris Robinson Advised by Dr. Joseph Maser Portland State University Department of Environmental Science & Management Portland, OR 97201 June 2012 Acknowledgements I would like to thank Dr. Joseph Maser for acting as advisor on this project and Dr. Gene Foster for his contributions towards the completion of this project. I would especially like to thank Torrey Lindbo of the City of Gresham’s Department of Environmental Services for helping to coordinate project activities and providing valuable technical advice and guidance. Additionally, I would like to thank the Department of Environmental Services for providing access to their facilities and for the funding that was so necessary to analyze water samples at the scale of this project. Contents LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................................... ii LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................................ ii 1.0 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ................................................................................................................. 1 2.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 1 2.1 Project Background ............................................................................................................................. 1 2.1.1 Goal .............................................................................................................................................. 6 2.1.2 Objective ...................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Project Setting ..................................................................................................................................... 7 2.2.1 Location ....................................................................................................................................... 7 2.2.2 Water Quality Facility Design ..................................................................................................... 8 2.2.3 BMP Specifications.................................................................................................................... 10 3.0 METHODS ..................................................................................................................................... 10 3.1 Storm Selection ................................................................................................................................. 10 3.2 Flow Estimation ................................................................................................................................ 11 3.3 Water Quality Sampling ................................................................................................................... 11 3.4 Water Quality Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 15 4.0 EVENTS ............................................................................................................................................... 20 4.1 Fall Event of November 2-3, 2011 .................................................................................................... 20 4.2 Spring Event of March 5-6, 2012 ...................................................................................................... 20 5.0 RESULTS ............................................................................................................................................. 21 5.1 Estimated Flows ................................................................................................................................ 21 5.2 CSWQF Water Quality Results ........................................................................................................ 21 5.2.1 Nutrients ..................................................................................................................................... 22 5.2.2 General Chemistry ..................................................................................................................... 23 5.2.3 Metals ......................................................................................................................................... 24 5.2.4 Chlorinated Herbicides, Organochlorine Pesticides, Phthalates, PAHs, and VOCs .................. 26 5.2.5 Bacteria ...................................................................................................................................... 30 5.2.6 Field Parameters ......................................................................................................................... 31 5.3 FCWQF Water Quality Results ........................................................................................................ 31 5.3.1 Nutrients ..................................................................................................................................... 32 5.3.2 General Chemistry ..................................................................................................................... 34 i 5.3.3 Metals ......................................................................................................................................... 36 5.3.4 Chlorinated Herbicides, Organochlorine Pesticides, Phthalates, PAHs, and VOCs .................. 42 5.3.5 Bacteria .....................................................................................................................................