History and Culture of Karnataka (From Early Times to 1336) Programme ಕಾರ್ಯ响ರ ಮ BA Subject 풿ಷರ್ History and Archaeology Semester �ಕ್ಷ貾ವ鲿 V University 풿ಶ್ವ 풿ದ್ಯಾ ಲರ್ Karnatak University, Dharwad Session ಅವ鲿 2 Title : Sources: Literary and Archaeological Sub Title: Archaeological Sources: Excavation- Antiquity Inscriptions, Learning Objectives To expose learners different sources to the study of Karnataka History. The importance of Excavation & Antiquites recovered from excavation Session Out Comes Learners will perceive the role of Archaeological sources in study of History of Karnataka & Major excavations conducted in Karanataka Introduction • Archaeology means study of material remains. • Archaeological sources are as essential as literary sources. • Particular period of History is completely depend upon archaeological sources like Pre- Historic period. • By the scientific study of the ruins • Archaeological excavations provide data for the reconstruction of Prehistory & History. Excavation - Antiquity : Introduction Excavation in archaeology is the process of digging the site. There is two types of Excavation 1. Vertical 2. Horizontal It is the process of recording of archaeological remains Archaeologist recovers several types of ruins/ materials from a excavated site like artifacts, ecofacts (organic remains). 1862 the Department of Archaeology come into existence. Department of Archaeology conducted excavation in various sites of Karnataka Important Excavations Excavation Carried out at Sangankallau Bellary District by Dr. Subba Rao, which throw light on Mesolithic age, Staff of Deccan College Poona in 1946 & Dr. Ravi Korishetter Excavated Neolithic phase at Sangankallu. Important Excavations • Excavation at Chandravalli Chitradurga District by K. Paddaiah, M.H. Krishana. Gives information of ancient period. • The Staff of Deccan College Poona have excavated Tekkalkote & Kappagal in 1965. which reveals Neolithic culture. • Dr. H.D. Sankalia, K.V. Joshi carried out the excavation at Anagwadi Bagalkote District Ghatprabha region. Important Excavations Dr. H.D. Sankalia, K.V. Joshi continued excavation at Hunasgi Nala, Baichbal of Gulbarga district, The Renowned Archeaologist Kibbanahalli Tumkur Dr. Hasmukh Dhirajlal Sankalia district, Pattadkallu & Khyad of Bagalkote district, these all sites gives information of Paleaolithic culture in Karnataka Important Excavations Excavation at Vadagaon Madhavpur in Belgaum District brought to light the Pre-Satavahana & Satavahana remains. Sand dunes at Talkad : the Temple buried belong to the Ganga dynasty and some of the stone age evidences discovered by ASI. Excavation at Rajaghatta in Banglore district revaels Buddhist structures like vihara’s and votive stupas. Important Excavations • Excavation at Sannati Gulburga District discovered the remains of Buddhist Stupa of Maurya and Buddhist Stupa Satavahana period it is one of the largest stupa in south India Ashoka with his Queens Other Important Excavations • Lingsugur, Maski, Piklihal Raichur district. • Hallur Haveri district. • T Narsipur Mysore district. • Terdal Bagalkote district. • Brahmagiri Chitradurga district. These all the Neolithic, Chalcolithic & Megalithic sites of Karnataka Antiquity • Hand Axes, Cleavers, choppers, Knives Scrapers potteries burial remains, • Stupa, Temple ruins. • Artifacts : Acheulian. • Rock types : Quartzite, Chert (sedimentary rock), Granite, Basalt , Dolerite used to make stone tools & implements Rock types Dolerite Quartzite Chert Granite Basalt MCQ’s 1. What are the types Excavation? 2. Where is the largest Buddhist stupa found ? 3. Who conducted excavation at Chandravalli ? 4. Mention the types of stone found in excavation. 5. The temples of Sand dunes at Talkad belongs to which dynasty ? Answers 1. There are two types 1 Vertical & 2 Horizontal Excavation. 2. Sannati Gulburga district. 3. K. Paddaiah, M.H. Krishana 4. Quartzite, Chert (sedimentary rock), Granite, Basalt , Dolerite 5. Ganga Dynasty References • Phalaksha : History of Karnataka • 蒾. ಬಸವ삾ಜ ಅಕ್ಕಿ : 响ꂾಟ9响ದ ಇ邿ಸ ಮತ್ತು ಸಿ ೃ邿 • ¥Á¯ÁPÀë : 响ꂾಟ9响ದ ಇ邿ಸ • ²ªÀgÀÄzÀæ¸Áé«Ä: 响ꂾಟ9响ದ ¥ËæqsÀ ಇ邿ಸ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¸ÀA¸ÀÌøw .