State of California Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 2007 Prepared by: The Governor’s Office of Emergency Services 3650 Schriever Avenue Mather, CA 95655 www.oes.ca.gov With support from: City and Regional Planning Department Community Safety & Sustainability Group Faculty Advisors and Consultants California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, CA 93407-0283 Public Comment Draft Table of Contents Chapter 1 - The Planning Process ................................................................................... 1 1.0 Chapter Summary ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1 The Purpose of the Plan ............................................................................................ 2 1.2 Plan Overview........................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Planning Process Components.................................................................................. 5 1.3.1 Plan Update Procedure........................................................................................... 5 1.3.2 Coordination of Agencies and Departments.......................................................... 7 1.3.3 Integration with Other Planning Efforts .............................................................. 10 1.4 Public Involvement ................................................................................................. 14 1.5 Adoption by the State.............................................................................................. 16 Chapter 2 – Legal, Institutional, and Policy Framework............................................ 21 2.0 Chapter Summary ................................................................................................... 21 2.1 Institutional and Legal Context............................................................................... 23 2.2 Federal Laws, Institutions, and Policies ................................................................. 23 2.2.1 Flood Insurance Act............................................................................................. 23 2.2.2 Stafford Act.......................................................................................................... 24 2.2.3 Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 .......................................................................... 24 2.2.4 Other Federal Disaster Laws................................................................................ 26 2.2.5 Federal Emergency Management Directives....................................................... 27 2.3 California Laws, Institutions, and Policies ............................................................. 28 2.3.1 California Emergency Services Act..................................................................... 28 2.3.2 Relationship of SHMP to Emergency Management............................................ 32 2.3.3 State Agency Responsibilities.............................................................................. 34 2.3.4 State Emergency Management and Mitigation Laws .......................................... 39 2.4 Local Government Laws, Institutions, and Policies ............................................... 40 2.4.1 Local Emergency Management Responsibilities................................................. 40 2.4.2 Local Hazard Mitigation Responsibilities ........................................................... 41 2.4.3 Relationships of Local Planning Processes to LHMPs........................................ 44 2.5 Private Sector Emergency Management and Mitigation ........................................ 45 2.5.1 Utilities................................................................................................................. 45 2.5.2 Business, Industry, and Community-Based Organizations.................................. 46 Chapter 3 - State Mitigation Strategy........................................................................... 47 3.0 Chapter Summary ................................................................................................... 47 3.1 Hazard Mitigation Goals and Objectives................................................................ 48 3.1.1 Reducing Life Loss and Injuries.......................................................................... 49 3.1.2 Minimizing Damage and Disruption ................................................................... 50 3.1.3 Environmental Protection .................................................................................... 51 3.1.4 Integrated Mitigation Policy ................................................................................ 52 3.2 State Priorities......................................................................................................... 54 3.2.1 Priority Determination ......................................................................................... 54 3.2.2 Federal Hazard Mitigation Funding Priorities ..................................................... 55 3.2.3 Types of State Mitigation Strategies.................................................................... 56 3.3 State Capability Assessment................................................................................... 59 3.3.1 Legal Foundations of State Capability................................................................. 60 3.3.2 Levels of State Capability.................................................................................... 60 3.4 Local Government Capability Assessment............................................................. 61 3.4.1 Legal Foundations of Local Government Capability........................................... 61 3.4.2 State Actions Supporting Local Capability.......................................................... 63 3.4.3 Fostering Local Government Capability.............................................................. 63 3.4.4 Role of California Planning and Building Codes ................................................ 64 3.4.5 Enhanced State and Local Capabilities................................................................ 65 Chapter 4 - Profile of State Assets................................................................................. 71 4.0 Chapter Summary ................................................................................................... 71 4.1 Scale and Diversity of Assets Needing Protection ................................................. 72 4.2 Population ............................................................................................................... 73 4.3 Economy ................................................................................................................. 74 4.4 Geography............................................................................................................... 80 4.5 Climate.................................................................................................................... 81 4.6 Rivers and Watersheds............................................................................................ 81 4.7 Geology................................................................................................................... 82 4.8 Forest Resources ..................................................................................................... 82 Chapter 5 - Hazard, Vulnerability, and Risk Assessment .......................................... 85 5.0 Chapter Summary ................................................................................................... 85 5.1 State and Federal Disaster History.......................................................................... 89 5.1.1 Statewide Disaster Loss Findings ........................................................................ 89 5.1.2 Primary Sources of Disaster Losses..................................................................... 92 5.1.3 Criteria for Hazards and Vulnerability Assessment............................................. 92 5.2 Terminology............................................................................................................ 93 5.2.1 Hazard.................................................................................................................. 94 5.2.2 Vulnerability ........................................................................................................ 94 5.2.3 Risk ...................................................................................................................... 95 5.2.4 Disaster ................................................................................................................ 95 5.2.5 Natural and Human-Caused Disasters ................................................................. 96 5.2.6 Mitigation............................................................................................................. 96 5.2.7 Preparedness ........................................................................................................ 97 5.2.8 Response .............................................................................................................. 97 5.2.9 Recovery .............................................................................................................. 97 5.3 Climate Change – An Emerging Issue.................................................................... 98 5.3.1 International Panel on Climate Change ..............................................................