Marsabit County Government Bakuli 4 Dam Project and Introduction of Sewerage System in Marsabit Town MARSABIT COUNTY GOVERNMENT P.O.BOX 384 MARSABIT MARSABIT COUNTY GOVERNMENT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR BAKULI 4 DAM PROJECT AND INTRODUCTION OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM IN MARSABIT TOWN MARSABIT CENTRAL SUB-COUNTY MARSABIT COUNTY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT, NOVEMBER 2016 CONSULTANT Chief Executive Committee Eng. Bennard Imbambi Kasabuli Member in charge of Water, P.O. Box 7907-00200 Environment and Natural NAIROBI, KENYA Resources Tel:-+254724962958/+254721624546 P.O. BOX 69 E-MAIL:[email protected] MARSABIT KENYA. E - Eng. B.I. Kasabuli-Individual Consultant i EIA Report M a i Marsabit County Government Bakuli 4 Dam Project and Introduction of Sewerage System in Marsabit Town TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................. ii LIST OF MAPS ................................................................................................................ xi LIST OF FIGURES.......................................................................................................... xi LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ xi LIST OF PLATES ........................................................................................................... xii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS /ACRONYMS ................................................................ xiii Executive Summary ......................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................ 2 1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Background .......................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Water and Sanitation Services.............................................................................. 2 1.3 Proponent ............................................................................................................. 6 1.3.1 County Government ................................................................................................ 6 1.3.1.1 Functions of County Executive Committees ........................................................ 6 1.3.1.2 The County Executive .......................................................................................... 7 1.3.2 Marsabit County ...................................................................................................... 8 1.4 The purpose of the Environmental Impact Assessment. ...................................... 9 1.5 Objectives of the EIA study ................................................................................. 9 1.6 Scope of the Project.............................................................................................. 9 CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................. 10 2.0 EXISTING WATER AND SANITATION SERVICES ..................................... 10 2.1 Location of the Project area ............................................................................... 10 2.2 Water Supply ...................................................................................................... 16 2.2.1 Historical Background ............................................................................................ 16 2.2.2 Overview ................................................................................................................ 16 2.2.3 Existing Facilities .................................................................................................... 17 2.2.3.1 Bakuli Springs..................................................................................................... 18 akuli spring Marsabit Urban Water Supply Scheme sources its water from:- ............... 18 2.2.3.2 Dams .................................................................................................................. 19 2.2.3.2.1 Bakuli 1 Dam ................................................................................................ 19 2.2.3.2.2 Bakuli 2 ....................................................................................................... 20 2.2.3.2.3 Bakuli 3 ....................................................................................................... 20 2.2.3.3 Intake ................................................................................................................. 21 2.2.3.4 Abandoned Bakuli 1 Pump house...................................................................... 21 2.2.3.5 Grade 9 Staff Houses ......................................................................................... 22 2.2.3.6 High Lift Pumping Station .................................................................................. 23 2.2.3.7 Rising Main ........................................................................................................ 24 Eng. B.I. Kasabuli-Individual Consultant ii EIA Report Marsabit County Government Bakuli 4 Dam Project and Introduction of Sewerage System in Marsabit Town 2.2.3.8 Treatment Plant ................................................................................................. 24 2.2.3.8.1 Inlet Well ..................................................................................................... 25 2.2.3.8.2 Composite Filtration Unit of capacity 20-25m3/hr ..................................... 26 2.2.3.8.3 Backwash System ........................................................................................ 26 2.2.3.8.4 Staff Houses ................................................................................................. 27 2.2.3.9 Storage Facilities ................................................................................................ 27 2.2.3.10 Distribution System ....................................................................................... 29 2.2.4 Rationing Programme ............................................................................................ 31 2.2.5 Constrains .............................................................................................................. 31 2.2.6 Tankering ............................................................................................................... 31 2.3 Sanitation ............................................................................................................ 32 CHAPTER THREE ......................................................................................................... 33 3.0 BASELINE INFORMATION ............................................................................... 33 3.1 Physical and Ecological Conditions ................................................................... 33 3.2 Topography ........................................................................................................ 33 3.3 Geology .............................................................................................................. 34 3.4 Soils .................................................................................................................... 35 3.5 Water Resource .................................................................................................. 36 3.6 Drainage ............................................................................................................. 36 3.7 The Marsabit Mountain Forest and its Resources .............................................. 36 3.7.1 Protected areas in Northern Kenya and in Marsabit............................................. 36 3.7.2 Protected areas on Marsabit Mountain ................................................................ 39 3.7.3 Access rules for protected Areas ........................................................................... 40 3.7.4 Boundary vagueness of the protected areas and its consequences ..................... 41 3.7.5 The protected area of Marsabit Forest Reserve ................................................... 42 3.7.5.1 Physical characteristics ...................................................................................... 42 3.7.5.2 The Marsabit Forest Reserve as custodian and habitat for biological species .. 43 3.7.5.2.1 Plant species ................................................................................................ 44 3.7.5.2.2 Wildlife species-Large Mammals ................................................................. 49 3.7.5.2.3 Small Mammals ........................................................................................... 54 3.7.5.2.4 Birds ............................................................................................................. 54 3.7.5.2.4 The forest as source of food for midlife and livestock ................................ 54 3.7.5.2.5 The economics of protected areas .............................................................. 56 3.8 Climate ............................................................................................................... 59 3.8.1 Rainfall ........................................................................................................... 59 3.8.2 Temperature .........................................................................................................