>VVK4H[LYPHS:JPLUJLHUK,UNPULLYPUN-PUHS9LWVY[ -PUUPZO:^LKPZO9LZLHYJO7YVNYHTTL -PUHS9LWVY[ Final Report Stockholm 2007 Contact persons of public funding organizations Academy of Finland (AoF) Jaana Roos Tekes, the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology Christine Hagström-Näsi, and Innovation Juha Vaajoensuu, Ilmari Absetz Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry in Finland (MAF) Matti Heikurainen, Liisa Saarenmaa Swedish Research Council for Environment, Hans-Örjan Nohrstedt, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Formas) Jan Svensson Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems (VINNOVA) Eva Esping Programme Coordination Wood Material Science and Engineering Research Programme Teknobulevardi 3-5, P.O. Box 35, FIN-01531 Vantaa, Finland www.woodwisdom.fi D.Sc., (Tech.) Leena Paavilainen, Programme Director (until 31.5.2006) Tel. +358 50 391 2020, leena [email protected] Ph.D. Docent Kristiina Poppius-Levlin, Programme Coordinator (from 1.6.2006-) Tel. +358 40 7696549, [email protected] Pirjo Helander, Programme Secretary Tel. +358 50 3435 138, [email protected] Bengt Larsson, Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems (VINNOVA) Tel. +46 8 4733114, [email protected] Programme Board Senior Vice President Ilkka Kartovaara, Stora Enso Oyj, chairman (until 28.2.2007) Manager R&D Pekka Peura, UPM-Kymmene Wood Products, chairman (from 1.3.2007-) Director Greta Fossum, Swedish forest Industries Federation Manager Eva Färnstrand, Södra Cell AB Senior Vice President Lars Gädda, M-real Oyj Director Christine Hagström-Näsi, Tekes, The Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovations Senior Vice President Markku Karlsson, UPM-Kymmene Oyj Associate Professor Annika Mårtenson, University of Lund Doctor Urban Nordmark, Sveaskog AB Director of Research Pasi Puttonen, The Finnish Forest Research Institute (Metla) Professor Liisa Viikari, Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT Deputy Director General Håkan Wirtén, Swedish National Board of Forestry Professor Lars Wågberg, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) ISBN 978-91-540-5993-5 Editors: Kristiina Poppius-Levlin, KCL Birgitta Johansson, Formas Assistant editors: Pirjo Helander, Wood Wisdom Bengt Larsson, VINNOVA Cover design: Paula Ikonen Page layout: DTPage Oy Printers: Katarina Tryck AB, Stockholm 2007 In discussing the competitiveness of nations or entire continents, catchwords like ‘competition with competences’ and ‘R&D infrastructure’ keep cropping up more and more often. This reflects the fact that world-class companies, in striving to exploit lead markets, prefer to establish their core functions in countries where they have ac- cess to top-ranking knowledge and the facilities to apply it. At the same time, it is widely recognised that there is a need to strengthen the scientific base in key compe- tence areas and to intensify the co-operation between universities, research institutes and industry. Moreover, the present national funding systems easily lead to duplication of pro- jects in neighbouring countries: the same topics are concurrently financed in similar projects, which may lead to weakly cumulative knowledge and a waste of financial and human resources. Realising these needs and shortcomings, five key public funding organizations in Finland and Sweden, i.e., the Academy of Finland, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry in Finland, the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (Tekes), the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Formas) and the Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems (VINNOVA), initiated preparations for a joint programme in the area of wood material science. Started at the beginning of the new millennium, this effort resulted in the launching of the Finnish-Swedish Wood Material Science and Engi- neering Research Programme (programme period 2003–2006, subsequently ex- tended to the end of March 2007). Bringing together five funding organisations, 30 research institutes and universities and 50 enterprises, the programme has been a unique undertaking from its very con- ception. Apart from fulfilling the specific goals set for it, the programme has served as a pilot for the European Union in introducing concepts such as the European Re- search Area (ERA), Technology Platforms and ERA-Nets. Comprising 17 projects with a total volume of 20 million euros, the programme has established a solid knowledge base in the field of wood material science. At the same time, it has strengthened the co-operation between key public funding agencies in Finland and Sweden, and created cross-border competence networks, while bringing industry closer to research by engaging it in project preparation and realisation. Drawing on the experience gained in this Finnish-Swedish co-operation programme, the concept of the trans-national wood material science programme was expanded to European Union level with the launching of the ERA-Net pro- gramme “WoodWisdom-Net” in the autumn of 2006. Involving eight European coun- tries, it will constitute an important new financial tool for forest-based industries. 3 On behalf of the Wood Material Science and Engineering Research Programme I would like to thank the funding organizations, programme board members, programme directors and co-ordinators, researchers and company representatives in projects for their support and contribution to the programme and its development. I hope that the programme, for its part, will serve as a foundation for new knowledge- based growth in the forest-based industry sector. Lahti, March 2007 Pekka Peura Chairman of the Programme Board 4 1 Identification of EST polymorphisms and candidate genes related to growth and wood properties in silver birch (IDEST) ......9 2 Wood and Wind – unlocking wood formation through ethylene signaling (WAW) ....................................16 3 Value-chain analysis for forest management, timber purchasing and timber sale decisions (VACHA) .......................27 4 Impact of forest management and climate on wood quality (IMWO) . 49 5 Specific wood and timber properties, competitive ability and advanced conversion of Nordic Scots pine in mechanical wood processing (SPWT)...............................67 6 Straight and durable timber (STDUT) ......................88 7 Chemical microanalysis of wood tissues and fibres (MICROAN) ...98 8 Fibre wall modelling (BUNDLE) .........................109 9 Value-added products from barks of Nordic wood species using bioconversion and chemical technology (WoodBiocon) ....123 10 New cellulose derivatives from wood for high value products (NewCell) ........................................138 11 Nanostructured cellulose products (NanoCell) ...............156 12 New eco-efficient, durable and high performance wood composites (WPC’s) and wood-WPC hybrids for joinery products (ECOMBO). 171 13 Eco-efficient modified wood products (EcoMod)..............189 14 Innovative eco-efficient high fire performance wood products for demanding applications (InnoFireWood).................204 15 Innovative design, a new strength paradigm for joints, QA and reliability for long-span wood construction (InnoLongSpan) .....215 16 Multi-sectorial database, model system and case studies, supporting innovative use of wood and fibres (Innovood) .......229 17 Functional Genomics of Wood Formation (FuncWood) .........249 Appendices Statistics ...................................257 5 6 7 8 1 FINAL REPORT Name of the research project Identification of EST polymorphisms and candidate genes related to growth and wood properties in silver birch Coordinator of the project Tapio Palva BASIC SUB-PROJECT DATA Name of the sub-project 1 Identification of EST polymorphisms and candidate genes related to growth and wood properties in silver birch Project period 1.7.2003–30.6.2007 Organization in charge of research Skogforsk Sub-project leader Bo Karlsson Contact information of the sub-project leader Skogforsk, Ekebo 2250, 26890 Svalöv, (institute/unit, address, telephone, fax, e-mail) Tel. +46 418 471305 Fax +46 418 471329 URL of the project http://www.woodwisdom.fi/en/ FUNDING Total sub-project budget in EUR 157 623 Public funding from Wood Material Science Total funding granted in EUR by source: and Engineering Programme: Formas 157 623 RESEARCH TEAM Name, degree, Sex Organization, For a visitor: Funder job title (M/F) graduate school organization & country of origin Maria Boije Malm F Skogforsk Skogforsk Ph.Lic. DEGREES Degrees earned or to be earned within this project. Year Degree Sex Name, year of birth and University Supervisor of thesis, (M/F) year of earning M.Sc., supervisor’s organization D.Sc., ect. Degree –– – – – – 9 Name of the sub-project 2 Identification of EST polymorphisms and candidate genes related to growth and wood properties in silver birch Project period 1.1.2003–31.12.2005 Organization in charge of research University of Helsinki Sub-project leader Tapio Palva Contact information of the sub-project leader Dept. of Biological and Environmental Sci., (institute/unit, address, telephone, fax, e-mail) Div. of Genetics, PO Box 56, FI-00014, Helsinki Phone +358-9-191 59600 URL of the project http://www.woodwisdom.fi/en/ FUNDING Total sub-project budget in EUR 168 000 Public funding from Wood Material Science Total funding granted in EUR by source: and Engineering Programme: Academy of Finland 168 000 RESEARCH TEAM Name, degree, Sex Organization, For a visitor: Funder job title (M/F) graduate school organization & country of origin Pekka